Annual Research Review: The promise of stem cell research for neuropsychiatric disorders / Flora M. VACCARINO in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52-4 (April 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-4 (April 2011) . - p.504-516 Titre : Annual Research Review: The promise of stem cell research for neuropsychiatric disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Flora M. VACCARINO, Auteur ; Alexander ECKEHART URBAN, Auteur ; Hanna E. STEVENS, Auteur ; Anna SZEKELY, Auteur ; Alexej ABYZOV, Auteur ; Elena L. GRIGORENKO, Auteur ; Mark GERSTEIN, Auteur ; Sherman WEISSMAN, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.504-516 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The study of the developing brain has begun to shed light on the underpinnings of both early and adult onset neuropsychiatric disorders. Neuroimaging of the human brain across developmental time points and the use of model animal systems have combined to reveal brain systems and gene products that may play a role in autism spectrum disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder and many other neurodevelopmental conditions. However, precisely how genes may function in human brain development and how they interact with each other leading to psychiatric disorders is unknown. Because of an increasing understanding of neural stem cells and how the nervous system subsequently develops from these cells, we have now the ability to study disorders of the nervous system in a new way – by rewinding and reviewing the development of human neural cells. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), developed from mature somatic cells, have allowed the development of specific cells in patients to be observed in real time. Moreover, they have allowed some neuronal-specific abnormalities to be corrected with pharmacological intervention in tissue culture. These exciting advances based on the use of iPSCs hold great promise for understanding, diagnosing and, possibly, treating psychiatric disorders. Specifically, examination of iPSCs from typically developing individuals will reveal how basic cellular processes and genetic differences contribute to individually unique nervous systems. Moreover, by comparing iPSCs from typically developing individuals and patients, differences at stem cell stages, through neural differentiation, and into the development of functional neurons may be identified that will reveal opportunities for intervention. The application of such techniques to early onset neuropsychiatric disorders is still on the horizon but has become a reality of current research efforts as a consequence of the revelations of many years of basic developmental neurobiological science. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02348.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=119 [article] Annual Research Review: The promise of stem cell research for neuropsychiatric disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Flora M. VACCARINO, Auteur ; Alexander ECKEHART URBAN, Auteur ; Hanna E. STEVENS, Auteur ; Anna SZEKELY, Auteur ; Alexej ABYZOV, Auteur ; Elena L. GRIGORENKO, Auteur ; Mark GERSTEIN, Auteur ; Sherman WEISSMAN, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.504-516. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-4 (April 2011) . - p.504-516 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The study of the developing brain has begun to shed light on the underpinnings of both early and adult onset neuropsychiatric disorders. Neuroimaging of the human brain across developmental time points and the use of model animal systems have combined to reveal brain systems and gene products that may play a role in autism spectrum disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder and many other neurodevelopmental conditions. However, precisely how genes may function in human brain development and how they interact with each other leading to psychiatric disorders is unknown. Because of an increasing understanding of neural stem cells and how the nervous system subsequently develops from these cells, we have now the ability to study disorders of the nervous system in a new way – by rewinding and reviewing the development of human neural cells. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), developed from mature somatic cells, have allowed the development of specific cells in patients to be observed in real time. Moreover, they have allowed some neuronal-specific abnormalities to be corrected with pharmacological intervention in tissue culture. These exciting advances based on the use of iPSCs hold great promise for understanding, diagnosing and, possibly, treating psychiatric disorders. Specifically, examination of iPSCs from typically developing individuals will reveal how basic cellular processes and genetic differences contribute to individually unique nervous systems. Moreover, by comparing iPSCs from typically developing individuals and patients, differences at stem cell stages, through neural differentiation, and into the development of functional neurons may be identified that will reveal opportunities for intervention. The application of such techniques to early onset neuropsychiatric disorders is still on the horizon but has become a reality of current research efforts as a consequence of the revelations of many years of basic developmental neurobiological science. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02348.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=119

Neurobiology meets genomic science: The promise of human-induced pluripotent stem cells / Hanna E. STEVENS in Development and Psychopathology, 24-4 (November 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 24-4 (November 2012) . - p.1443-1451 Titre : Neurobiology meets genomic science: The promise of human-induced pluripotent stem cells Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Hanna E. STEVENS, Auteur ; Jessica MARIANI, Auteur ; Gianfilippo COPPOLA, Auteur ; Flora M. VACCARINO, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.1443-1451 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Cellule souche Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The recent introduction of the induced pluripotent stem cell technology has made possible the derivation of neuronal cells from somatic cells obtained from human individuals. This in turn has opened new areas of investigation that can potentially bridge the gap between neuroscience and psychopathology. For the first time we can study the cell biology and genetics of neurons derived from any individual. Furthermore, by recapitulating in vitro the developmental steps whereby stem cells give rise to neuronal cells, we can now hope to understand factors that control typical and atypical development. We can begin to explore how human genes and their variants are transcribed into messenger RNAs within developing neurons and how these gene transcripts control the biology of developing cells. Thus, human-induced pluripotent stem cells have the potential to uncover not only what aspects of development are uniquely human but also variations in the series of events necessary for normal human brain development that predispose to psychopathology. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S095457941200082X Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=182 [article] Neurobiology meets genomic science: The promise of human-induced pluripotent stem cells [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Hanna E. STEVENS, Auteur ; Jessica MARIANI, Auteur ; Gianfilippo COPPOLA, Auteur ; Flora M. VACCARINO, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.1443-1451. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 24-4 (November 2012) . - p.1443-1451 Mots-clés : Cellule souche Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The recent introduction of the induced pluripotent stem cell technology has made possible the derivation of neuronal cells from somatic cells obtained from human individuals. This in turn has opened new areas of investigation that can potentially bridge the gap between neuroscience and psychopathology. For the first time we can study the cell biology and genetics of neurons derived from any individual. Furthermore, by recapitulating in vitro the developmental steps whereby stem cells give rise to neuronal cells, we can now hope to understand factors that control typical and atypical development. We can begin to explore how human genes and their variants are transcribed into messenger RNAs within developing neurons and how these gene transcripts control the biology of developing cells. Thus, human-induced pluripotent stem cells have the potential to uncover not only what aspects of development are uniquely human but also variations in the series of events necessary for normal human brain development that predispose to psychopathology. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S095457941200082X Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=182

Regulation of Cerebral Cortical Size and Neuron Number by Fibroblast Growth Factors: Implications for Autism / Flora M. VACCARINO in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 39-3 (March 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 39-3 (March 2009) . - p.511-520 Titre : Regulation of Cerebral Cortical Size and Neuron Number by Fibroblast Growth Factors: Implications for Autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Flora M. VACCARINO, Auteur ; Elena L. GRIGORENKO, Auteur ; Karen MULLER SMITH, Auteur ; Hanna E. STEVENS, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.511-520 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Fibroblast-growth-factors Excitatory-pyramidal-neurons Cerebral-cortex Autism-spectrum-disorders Progenitor-cells Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Increased brain size is common in children with autism spectrum disorders. Here we propose that an increased number of cortical excitatory neurons may underlie the increased brain volume, minicolumn pathology and excessive network excitability, leading to sensory hyper-reactivity and seizures, which are often found in autism. We suggest that Fibroblast Growth Factors (FGF), a family of genes that regulate cortical size and connectivity, may be responsible for these developmental alterations. Studies in animal models suggest that mutations in FGF genes lead to altered cortical volume, excitatory cortical neuron number, minicolum pathology, hyperactivity and social deficits. Thus, many risk factors may converge upon FGF-regulated pathogenetic pathways, which alter excitatory/inhibitory balance and cortical modular architecture, and predispose to autism spectrum disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-008-0653-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=696 [article] Regulation of Cerebral Cortical Size and Neuron Number by Fibroblast Growth Factors: Implications for Autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Flora M. VACCARINO, Auteur ; Elena L. GRIGORENKO, Auteur ; Karen MULLER SMITH, Auteur ; Hanna E. STEVENS, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.511-520. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 39-3 (March 2009) . - p.511-520 Mots-clés : Fibroblast-growth-factors Excitatory-pyramidal-neurons Cerebral-cortex Autism-spectrum-disorders Progenitor-cells Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Increased brain size is common in children with autism spectrum disorders. Here we propose that an increased number of cortical excitatory neurons may underlie the increased brain volume, minicolumn pathology and excessive network excitability, leading to sensory hyper-reactivity and seizures, which are often found in autism. We suggest that Fibroblast Growth Factors (FGF), a family of genes that regulate cortical size and connectivity, may be responsible for these developmental alterations. Studies in animal models suggest that mutations in FGF genes lead to altered cortical volume, excitatory cortical neuron number, minicolum pathology, hyperactivity and social deficits. Thus, many risk factors may converge upon FGF-regulated pathogenetic pathways, which alter excitatory/inhibitory balance and cortical modular architecture, and predispose to autism spectrum disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-008-0653-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=696

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