Atypical Functional Connectivity of the Amygdala in Childhood Autism Spectrum Disorders during Spontaneous Attention to Eye-Gaze / Eric R. MURPHY in Autism Research and Treatment, (november 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research and Treatment > (november 2012) . - 12 p. Titre : Atypical Functional Connectivity of the Amygdala in Childhood Autism Spectrum Disorders during Spontaneous Attention to Eye-Gaze Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Eric R. MURPHY, Auteur ; Jennifer H. FOSS-FEIG, Auteur ; Lauren E. KENWORTHY, Auteur ; William D. GAILLARD, Auteur ; Chandan J. VAIDYA, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : 12 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We examined functional connectivity of the amygdala in preadolescent children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) during spontaneous attention to eye-gaze in emotional faces. Children responded to a target word (“LEFT/RIGHT”) printed on angry or fearful faces looking in a direction that was congruent, incongruent, or neutral with the target word. Despite being irrelevant to the task, gaze-direction facilitated (Congruent > Neutral) or interfered with (Incongruent > Congruent) performance in both groups. Despite similar behavioral performance, amygdala-connectivity was atypical and more widespread in children with ASD. In control children, the amygdala was more strongly connected with an emotional cognitive control region (subgenual cingulate) during interference, while during facilitation, no regions showed greater amygdala connectivity than in ASD children. In contrast, in children with ASD the amygdala was more strongly connected to salience and cognitive control regions (posterior and dorsal cingulate) during facilitation and with regions involved in gaze processing (superior temporal sulcus), cognitive control (inferior frontal gyrus), and processing of viscerally salient information (pregenual cingulate, anterior insula, and thalamus) during interference. These findings showing more widespread connectivity of the amygdala extend past findings of atypical functional anatomy of eye-gaze processing in children with ASD and challenge views of general underconnectivity in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/652408 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=201 [article] Atypical Functional Connectivity of the Amygdala in Childhood Autism Spectrum Disorders during Spontaneous Attention to Eye-Gaze [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Eric R. MURPHY, Auteur ; Jennifer H. FOSS-FEIG, Auteur ; Lauren E. KENWORTHY, Auteur ; William D. GAILLARD, Auteur ; Chandan J. VAIDYA, Auteur . - 2012 . - 12 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research and Treatment > (november 2012) . - 12 p. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We examined functional connectivity of the amygdala in preadolescent children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) during spontaneous attention to eye-gaze in emotional faces. Children responded to a target word (“LEFT/RIGHT”) printed on angry or fearful faces looking in a direction that was congruent, incongruent, or neutral with the target word. Despite being irrelevant to the task, gaze-direction facilitated (Congruent > Neutral) or interfered with (Incongruent > Congruent) performance in both groups. Despite similar behavioral performance, amygdala-connectivity was atypical and more widespread in children with ASD. In control children, the amygdala was more strongly connected with an emotional cognitive control region (subgenual cingulate) during interference, while during facilitation, no regions showed greater amygdala connectivity than in ASD children. In contrast, in children with ASD the amygdala was more strongly connected to salience and cognitive control regions (posterior and dorsal cingulate) during facilitation and with regions involved in gaze processing (superior temporal sulcus), cognitive control (inferior frontal gyrus), and processing of viscerally salient information (pregenual cingulate, anterior insula, and thalamus) during interference. These findings showing more widespread connectivity of the amygdala extend past findings of atypical functional anatomy of eye-gaze processing in children with ASD and challenge views of general underconnectivity in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/652408 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=201

Modulation of attentional blink with emotional faces in typical development and in autism spectrum disorders / Benjamin E. YERYS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-6 (June 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-6 (June 2013) . - p.636-643 Titre : Modulation of attentional blink with emotional faces in typical development and in autism spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Benjamin E. YERYS, Auteur ; Ericka RUIZ, Auteur ; John F. STRANG, Auteur ; Jennifer L. SOKOLOFF, Auteur ; Lauren E. KENWORTHY, Auteur ; Chandan J. VAIDYA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.636-643 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autistic Disorder  attention  emotion regulation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The attentional blink (AB) phenomenon was used to assess the effect of emotional information on early visual attention in typically developing (TD) children and children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The AB effect is the momentary perceptual unawareness that follows target identification in a rapid serial visual processing stream. It is abolished or reduced for emotional stimuli, indicating that emotional information has privileged access to early visual attention processes. Methods: We examined the AB effect for faces with neutral and angry facial expressions in 8- to 14-year-old children with and without an ASD diagnosis. Results: Children with ASD exhibited the same magnitude AB effect as TD children for both neutral and angry faces. Conclusions: Early visual attention to emotional facial expressions was preserved in children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12013 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=200 [article] Modulation of attentional blink with emotional faces in typical development and in autism spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Benjamin E. YERYS, Auteur ; Ericka RUIZ, Auteur ; John F. STRANG, Auteur ; Jennifer L. SOKOLOFF, Auteur ; Lauren E. KENWORTHY, Auteur ; Chandan J. VAIDYA, Auteur . - p.636-643. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-6 (June 2013) . - p.636-643 Mots-clés : Autistic Disorder  attention  emotion regulation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The attentional blink (AB) phenomenon was used to assess the effect of emotional information on early visual attention in typically developing (TD) children and children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The AB effect is the momentary perceptual unawareness that follows target identification in a rapid serial visual processing stream. It is abolished or reduced for emotional stimuli, indicating that emotional information has privileged access to early visual attention processes. Methods: We examined the AB effect for faces with neutral and angry facial expressions in 8- to 14-year-old children with and without an ASD diagnosis. Results: Children with ASD exhibited the same magnitude AB effect as TD children for both neutral and angry faces. Conclusions: Early visual attention to emotional facial expressions was preserved in children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12013 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=200

Neural Basis of Visual Attentional Orienting in Childhood Autism Spectrum Disorders / Eric R. MURPHY in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-1 (January 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-1 (January 2017) . - p.58-67 Titre : Neural Basis of Visual Attentional Orienting in Childhood Autism Spectrum Disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Eric R. MURPHY, Auteur ; Megan NORR, Auteur ; John F. STRANG, Auteur ; Lauren KENWORTHY, Auteur ; William D. GAILLARD, Auteur ; Chandan J. VAIDYA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.58-67 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Attention orienting  Visual salience  fMRI  Restricted and repetitive behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We examined spontaneous attention orienting to visual salience in stimuli without social significance using a modified Dot-Probe task during functional magnetic resonance imaging in high-functioning preadolescent children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and age- and IQ-matched control children. While the magnitude of attentional bias (faster response to probes in the location of solid color patch) to visually salient stimuli was similar in the groups, activation differences in frontal and temporoparietal regions suggested hyper-sensitivity to visual salience or to sameness in ASD children. Further, activation in a subset of those regions was associated with symptoms of restricted and repetitive behavior. Thus, atypicalities in response to visual properties of stimuli may drive attentional orienting problems associated with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2928-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=298 [article] Neural Basis of Visual Attentional Orienting in Childhood Autism Spectrum Disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Eric R. MURPHY, Auteur ; Megan NORR, Auteur ; John F. STRANG, Auteur ; Lauren KENWORTHY, Auteur ; William D. GAILLARD, Auteur ; Chandan J. VAIDYA, Auteur . - p.58-67. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-1 (January 2017) . - p.58-67 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Attention orienting  Visual salience  fMRI  Restricted and repetitive behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We examined spontaneous attention orienting to visual salience in stimuli without social significance using a modified Dot-Probe task during functional magnetic resonance imaging in high-functioning preadolescent children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and age- and IQ-matched control children. While the magnitude of attentional bias (faster response to probes in the location of solid color patch) to visually salient stimuli was similar in the groups, activation differences in frontal and temporoparietal regions suggested hyper-sensitivity to visual salience or to sameness in ASD children. Further, activation in a subset of those regions was associated with symptoms of restricted and repetitive behavior. Thus, atypicalities in response to visual properties of stimuli may drive attentional orienting problems associated with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2928-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=298

Neural Correlates of Set-Shifting in Children With Autism / Benjamin E. YERYS in Autism Research, 8-4 (August 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 8-4 (August 2015) . - p.386-397 Titre : Neural Correlates of Set-Shifting in Children With Autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Benjamin E. YERYS, Auteur ; Ligia ANTEZANA, Auteur ; Rachel WEINBLATT, Auteur ; Kathryn F. JANKOWSKI, Auteur ; John STRANG, Auteur ; Chandan J. VAIDYA, Auteur ; Robert T. SCHULTZ, Auteur ; William D. GAILLARD, Auteur ; Lauren KENWORTHY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.386-397 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  cognitive control  set-shifting  functional magnetic resonance imaging  cingulate  prefrontal cortex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is often associated with high levels of inflexible thinking and rigid behavior. The neural correlates of these behaviors have been investigated in adults and older adolescents, but not children. Prior studies utilized set-shifting tasks that engaged multiple levels of shifting, and depended on learning abstract rules and establishing a strong prepotent bias. These additional demands complicate simple interpretations of the results. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the neural correlates of set-shifting in 20 children (ages 7–14) with ASD and 19 typically developing, matched, control children. Participants completed a set-shifting task that minimized nonshifting task demands through the use of concrete instructions that provide spatial mapping of stimuli-responses. The shift/stay sets were given an equal number of trials to limit the prepotent bias. Both groups showed an equivalent “switch cost,” responding less accurately and slower to Switch stimuli than Stay stimuli, although the ASD group was less accurate overall. Both groups showed activation in prefrontal, striatal, parietal, and cerebellum regions known to govern effective set-shifts. Compared to controls, children with ASD demonstrated decreased activation of the right middle temporal gyrus across all trials, but increased activation in the mid-dorsal cingulate cortex/superior frontal gyrus, left middle frontal, and right inferior frontal gyri during the Switch vs. Stay contrast. The successful behavioral switching performance of children with ASD comes at the cost of requiring greater engagement of frontal regions, suggesting less efficiency at this lowest level of shifting. Autism Res 2015, 8: 386–397. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1454 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=268 [article] Neural Correlates of Set-Shifting in Children With Autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Benjamin E. YERYS, Auteur ; Ligia ANTEZANA, Auteur ; Rachel WEINBLATT, Auteur ; Kathryn F. JANKOWSKI, Auteur ; John STRANG, Auteur ; Chandan J. VAIDYA, Auteur ; Robert T. SCHULTZ, Auteur ; William D. GAILLARD, Auteur ; Lauren KENWORTHY, Auteur . - p.386-397. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 8-4 (August 2015) . - p.386-397 Mots-clés : autism  cognitive control  set-shifting  functional magnetic resonance imaging  cingulate  prefrontal cortex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is often associated with high levels of inflexible thinking and rigid behavior. The neural correlates of these behaviors have been investigated in adults and older adolescents, but not children. Prior studies utilized set-shifting tasks that engaged multiple levels of shifting, and depended on learning abstract rules and establishing a strong prepotent bias. These additional demands complicate simple interpretations of the results. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the neural correlates of set-shifting in 20 children (ages 7–14) with ASD and 19 typically developing, matched, control children. Participants completed a set-shifting task that minimized nonshifting task demands through the use of concrete instructions that provide spatial mapping of stimuli-responses. The shift/stay sets were given an equal number of trials to limit the prepotent bias. Both groups showed an equivalent “switch cost,” responding less accurately and slower to Switch stimuli than Stay stimuli, although the ASD group was less accurate overall. Both groups showed activation in prefrontal, striatal, parietal, and cerebellum regions known to govern effective set-shifts. Compared to controls, children with ASD demonstrated decreased activation of the right middle temporal gyrus across all trials, but increased activation in the mid-dorsal cingulate cortex/superior frontal gyrus, left middle frontal, and right inferior frontal gyri during the Switch vs. Stay contrast. The successful behavioral switching performance of children with ASD comes at the cost of requiring greater engagement of frontal regions, suggesting less efficiency at this lowest level of shifting. Autism Res 2015, 8: 386–397. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1454 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=268

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