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Auteur Elizabeth SLATE |
Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur (2)
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The influence of loss to follow-up in autism screening research: Taking stock and moving forward / R. Christopher SHELDRICK in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 65-5 (May 2024)
[article]
Titre : The influence of loss to follow-up in autism screening research: Taking stock and moving forward Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : R. Christopher SHELDRICK, Auteur ; Jessica L. HOOKER, Auteur ; Alice S. CARTER, Auteur ; Emily FEINBERG, Auteur ; Lisa A. CROEN, Auteur ; Jocelyn KUHN, Auteur ; Elizabeth SLATE, Auteur ; Amy M. WETHERBY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.656-667 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background How best to improve the early detection of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is the subject of significant controversy. Some argue that universal ASD screeners are highly accurate, whereas others argue that evidence for this claim is insufficient. Relatedly, there is no clear consensus as to the optimal role of screening for making referral decisions for evaluation and treatment. Published screening research can meaningfully inform these questions-but only through careful consideration of children who do not complete diagnostic follow-up. Methods We developed two simulation models that re-analyze the results of a large-scale validation study of the M-CHAT-R/F by Robins et al. (2014, Pediatrics, 133, 37). Model #1 re-analyzes screener accuracy across six scenarios, each reflecting different assumptions regarding loss to follow-up. Model #2 builds on this by closely examining differential attrition at each point of the multi-step detection process. Results Estimates of sensitivity ranged from 40% to 94% across scenarios, demonstrating that estimates of accuracy depend on assumptions regarding the diagnostic status of children who were lost to follow-up. Across a range of plausible assumptions, data also suggest that children with undiagnosed ASD may be more likely to complete follow-up than children without ASD, highlighting the role of clinicians and caregivers in the detection process. Conclusions Using simulation modeling as a quantitative method to examine potential bias in screening studies, analyses suggest that ASD screening tools may be less accurate than is often reported. Models also demonstrate the critical importance of every step in a detection process-including steps that determine whether children should complete an additional evaluation. We conclude that parent and clinician decision-making regarding follow-up may contribute more to detection than is widely assumed. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13867 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=526
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 65-5 (May 2024) . - p.656-667[article] The influence of loss to follow-up in autism screening research: Taking stock and moving forward [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / R. Christopher SHELDRICK, Auteur ; Jessica L. HOOKER, Auteur ; Alice S. CARTER, Auteur ; Emily FEINBERG, Auteur ; Lisa A. CROEN, Auteur ; Jocelyn KUHN, Auteur ; Elizabeth SLATE, Auteur ; Amy M. WETHERBY, Auteur . - p.656-667.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 65-5 (May 2024) . - p.656-667
Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background How best to improve the early detection of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is the subject of significant controversy. Some argue that universal ASD screeners are highly accurate, whereas others argue that evidence for this claim is insufficient. Relatedly, there is no clear consensus as to the optimal role of screening for making referral decisions for evaluation and treatment. Published screening research can meaningfully inform these questions-but only through careful consideration of children who do not complete diagnostic follow-up. Methods We developed two simulation models that re-analyze the results of a large-scale validation study of the M-CHAT-R/F by Robins et al. (2014, Pediatrics, 133, 37). Model #1 re-analyzes screener accuracy across six scenarios, each reflecting different assumptions regarding loss to follow-up. Model #2 builds on this by closely examining differential attrition at each point of the multi-step detection process. Results Estimates of sensitivity ranged from 40% to 94% across scenarios, demonstrating that estimates of accuracy depend on assumptions regarding the diagnostic status of children who were lost to follow-up. Across a range of plausible assumptions, data also suggest that children with undiagnosed ASD may be more likely to complete follow-up than children without ASD, highlighting the role of clinicians and caregivers in the detection process. Conclusions Using simulation modeling as a quantitative method to examine potential bias in screening studies, analyses suggest that ASD screening tools may be less accurate than is often reported. Models also demonstrate the critical importance of every step in a detection process-including steps that determine whether children should complete an additional evaluation. We conclude that parent and clinician decision-making regarding follow-up may contribute more to detection than is widely assumed. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13867 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=526 Verbal and nonverbal outcomes of toddlers with and without autism spectrum disorder, language delay, and global developmental delay / Abigail D. DELEHANTY in Autism & Developmental Language Impairments, 3 (January-December 2018)
[article]
Titre : Verbal and nonverbal outcomes of toddlers with and without autism spectrum disorder, language delay, and global developmental delay Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Abigail D. DELEHANTY, Auteur ; Sheri T. STRONACH, Auteur ; Whitney GUTHRIE, Auteur ; Elizabeth SLATE, Auteur ; Amy M. WETHERBY, Auteur Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background and AimsChildren with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit a heterogeneous clinical phenotype with wide variability in their language and intellectual profiles that complicates efforts at early detection. There is limited research examining observational measures to characterize differences between young children with and without ASD and co-occurring language delay (LD) and global developmental delay (GDD). The first aim of this study was to compare early social communication measured in the second year of life in children diagnosed at age 3 with ASD, developmental delays (DD), and typical development (TD). The second aim was to compare early social communication in six subgroups of children: ASD, ASD+LD, ASD+GDD, LD, GDD, and TD. Our third aim was to determine the collective and unique contributions of early social communication to predict verbal and nonverbal developmental outcomes at three years of age for children with and without ASD.MethodsAnalyses of covariance controlling for maternal education were employed to examine group differences in social communication in 431 toddlers recruited through screening in primary care. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to evaluate associations between the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales (CSBS) Behavior Sample composite standard scores and Mullen Scales of Early Learning T scores for children with and without ASD.ResultsDistinct patterns of early social communication were evident by 20 months. Children with TD differed significantly from children with ASD and DD on all three CSBS Behavior Sample composites. Children with ASD had significantly lower scores than those with DD and TD on the social and symbolic composites. Among the six subgroups, all three composites of the CSBS Behavior Sample differentiated children with TD from all other subgroups. Children with ASD+GDD scored significantly lower than all other subgroups on social and symbolic composites. Patterns of social communication emerged for children with and without ASD, which held among subgroups divided by developmental level. The CSBS Behavior Sample social and symbolic composites contributed unique variance in predicting developmental outcomes in both groups. The speech composite contributed unique variance to expressive language, receptive language, and visual reception in children without ASD, and contributed uniquely to expressive language only for children with ASD.ConclusionsThe CSBS Behavior Sample, an observational measure for children aged 12?24 months, detected social communication delays and explained a significant amount of variance in verbal and nonverbal outcomes a year later in this large sample of young children grouped by ASD diagnosis and developmental level.ImplicationsIn light of the continued search for early predictors of ASD and developmental delay, our findings underscore the importance of monitoring early social communication skills, including the expression of emotions, eye gaze, gestures, rate of communication, joint attention, understanding words, and object use in play. There is a need for clinical utility of screening and evaluation tools that can detect social communication delays in very young children. This would enable intervention for infants and toddlers who show social communication delays which may be early signs for ASD or other DD, rather than waiting to confirm a formal diagnosis. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/2396941518764764 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=387
in Autism & Developmental Language Impairments > 3 (January-December 2018)[article] Verbal and nonverbal outcomes of toddlers with and without autism spectrum disorder, language delay, and global developmental delay [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Abigail D. DELEHANTY, Auteur ; Sheri T. STRONACH, Auteur ; Whitney GUTHRIE, Auteur ; Elizabeth SLATE, Auteur ; Amy M. WETHERBY, Auteur.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism & Developmental Language Impairments > 3 (January-December 2018)
Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background and AimsChildren with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit a heterogeneous clinical phenotype with wide variability in their language and intellectual profiles that complicates efforts at early detection. There is limited research examining observational measures to characterize differences between young children with and without ASD and co-occurring language delay (LD) and global developmental delay (GDD). The first aim of this study was to compare early social communication measured in the second year of life in children diagnosed at age 3 with ASD, developmental delays (DD), and typical development (TD). The second aim was to compare early social communication in six subgroups of children: ASD, ASD+LD, ASD+GDD, LD, GDD, and TD. Our third aim was to determine the collective and unique contributions of early social communication to predict verbal and nonverbal developmental outcomes at three years of age for children with and without ASD.MethodsAnalyses of covariance controlling for maternal education were employed to examine group differences in social communication in 431 toddlers recruited through screening in primary care. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to evaluate associations between the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales (CSBS) Behavior Sample composite standard scores and Mullen Scales of Early Learning T scores for children with and without ASD.ResultsDistinct patterns of early social communication were evident by 20 months. Children with TD differed significantly from children with ASD and DD on all three CSBS Behavior Sample composites. Children with ASD had significantly lower scores than those with DD and TD on the social and symbolic composites. Among the six subgroups, all three composites of the CSBS Behavior Sample differentiated children with TD from all other subgroups. Children with ASD+GDD scored significantly lower than all other subgroups on social and symbolic composites. Patterns of social communication emerged for children with and without ASD, which held among subgroups divided by developmental level. The CSBS Behavior Sample social and symbolic composites contributed unique variance in predicting developmental outcomes in both groups. The speech composite contributed unique variance to expressive language, receptive language, and visual reception in children without ASD, and contributed uniquely to expressive language only for children with ASD.ConclusionsThe CSBS Behavior Sample, an observational measure for children aged 12?24 months, detected social communication delays and explained a significant amount of variance in verbal and nonverbal outcomes a year later in this large sample of young children grouped by ASD diagnosis and developmental level.ImplicationsIn light of the continued search for early predictors of ASD and developmental delay, our findings underscore the importance of monitoring early social communication skills, including the expression of emotions, eye gaze, gestures, rate of communication, joint attention, understanding words, and object use in play. There is a need for clinical utility of screening and evaluation tools that can detect social communication delays in very young children. This would enable intervention for infants and toddlers who show social communication delays which may be early signs for ASD or other DD, rather than waiting to confirm a formal diagnosis. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/2396941518764764 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=387