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Détail de l'auteur
Auteur Kishan SHARMA |
Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur (2)
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Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children Adopted After Early Care Breakdown / Jonathan GREEN in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46-4 (April 2016)
[article]
Titre : Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children Adopted After Early Care Breakdown Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jonathan GREEN, Auteur ; Kathy LEADBITTER, Auteur ; Catherine KAY, Auteur ; Kishan SHARMA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1392-1402 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder Adoption Neglect Maltreatment Early adversity Pre-natal adversity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Syndromic autism has been described in children adopted after orphanage rearing. We investigated whether the same existed in children adopted after family breakdown. Families of 54/60 adopted children aged 6–11 years (mean 102 months; SD 20; 45 % male) returned screening questionnaires for autism spectrum disorder (ASD); 21/54 (39 %) screened positive. Detailed in-person phenotyping of screen positive cases showed ASD in 6/54 (11 %), Broad ASD (sub threshold traits) in 10/54 (18.5 %); 5/54 (9 %) screened false positive. The ASD group showed impairments across both social communication and restrictive repetitive behaviour domains, Broad ASD was more mixed. These rates, much higher than population prevalence, are comparable with institutionalised samples. There are implications for developmental science, and assessment, treatment and policy for adopted children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-015-2680-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=284
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 46-4 (April 2016) . - p.1392-1402[article] Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children Adopted After Early Care Breakdown [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jonathan GREEN, Auteur ; Kathy LEADBITTER, Auteur ; Catherine KAY, Auteur ; Kishan SHARMA, Auteur . - p.1392-1402.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 46-4 (April 2016) . - p.1392-1402
Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder Adoption Neglect Maltreatment Early adversity Pre-natal adversity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Syndromic autism has been described in children adopted after orphanage rearing. We investigated whether the same existed in children adopted after family breakdown. Families of 54/60 adopted children aged 6–11 years (mean 102 months; SD 20; 45 % male) returned screening questionnaires for autism spectrum disorder (ASD); 21/54 (39 %) screened positive. Detailed in-person phenotyping of screen positive cases showed ASD in 6/54 (11 %), Broad ASD (sub threshold traits) in 10/54 (18.5 %); 5/54 (9 %) screened false positive. The ASD group showed impairments across both social communication and restrictive repetitive behaviour domains, Broad ASD was more mixed. These rates, much higher than population prevalence, are comparable with institutionalised samples. There are implications for developmental science, and assessment, treatment and policy for adopted children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-015-2680-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=284 Randomized controlled double-blind trial of optimal dose methylphenidate in children and adolescents with severe attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and intellectual disability / Emily SIMONOFF in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-5 (May 2013)
[article]
Titre : Randomized controlled double-blind trial of optimal dose methylphenidate in children and adolescents with severe attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and intellectual disability Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Emily SIMONOFF, Auteur ; Eric TAYLOR, Auteur ; Gillian BAIRD, Auteur ; Sarah BERNARD, Auteur ; Oliver CHADWICK, Auteur ; Holan LIANG, Auteur ; Susannah WHITWELL, Auteur ; Kirsten RIEMER, Auteur ; Kishan SHARMA, Auteur ; Santvana Pandey SHARMA, Auteur ; Nicky WOOD, Auteur ; Joanna KELLY, Auteur ; Ania GOLASZEWSKI, Auteur ; Juliet KENNEDY, Auteur ; Lydia RODNEY, Auteur ; Nicole WEST, Auteur ; Rebecca WALWYN, Auteur ; Fatima JICHI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.527-535 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity Randomized controlled trial autism mental retardation intellectual disability methylphenidate stimulants Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is increased in children with intellectual disability. Previous research has suggested stimulants are less effective than in typically developing children but no studies have titrated medication for individual optimal dosing or tested the effects for longer than 4 weeks. Method: One hundred and twenty two drug-free children aged 7–15 with hyperkinetic disorder and IQ 30–69 were recruited to a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial that randomized participants using minimization by probability, stratified by referral source and IQ level in a one to one ratio. Methylphenidate was compared with placebo. Dose titration comprised at least 1 week each of low (0.5 mg/kg/day), medium (1.0 mg/kg/day) and high dose (1.5 mg/kg/day). Parent and teacher Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) index of the Conners Rating Scale-Short Version at 16 weeks provided the primary outcome measures. Clinical response was determined with the Clinical Global Impressions scale (CGI-I). Adverse effects were evaluated by a parent-rated questionnaire, weight, pulse and blood pressure. Analyses were by intention to treat. Trial registration: ISRCTN 68384912. Results: Methylphenidate was superior to placebo with effect sizes of 0.39 [95% confidence intervals (CIs) 0.09, 0.70] and 0.52 (95% CIs 0.23, 0.82) for the parent and teacher Conners ADHD index. Four (7%) children on placebo versus 24 (40%) of those on methylphenidate were judged improved or much improved on the CGI. IQ and autistic symptoms did not affect treatment efficacy. Active medication was associated with sleep difficulty, loss of appetite and weight loss but there were no significant differences in pulse or blood pressure. Conclusions: Optimal dosing of methylphenidate is practical and effective in some children with hyperkinetic disorder and intellectual disability. Adverse effects typical of methylphenidate were seen and medication use may require close monitoring in this vulnerable group. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02569.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=196
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-5 (May 2013) . - p.527-535[article] Randomized controlled double-blind trial of optimal dose methylphenidate in children and adolescents with severe attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and intellectual disability [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Emily SIMONOFF, Auteur ; Eric TAYLOR, Auteur ; Gillian BAIRD, Auteur ; Sarah BERNARD, Auteur ; Oliver CHADWICK, Auteur ; Holan LIANG, Auteur ; Susannah WHITWELL, Auteur ; Kirsten RIEMER, Auteur ; Kishan SHARMA, Auteur ; Santvana Pandey SHARMA, Auteur ; Nicky WOOD, Auteur ; Joanna KELLY, Auteur ; Ania GOLASZEWSKI, Auteur ; Juliet KENNEDY, Auteur ; Lydia RODNEY, Auteur ; Nicole WEST, Auteur ; Rebecca WALWYN, Auteur ; Fatima JICHI, Auteur . - p.527-535.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-5 (May 2013) . - p.527-535
Mots-clés : Attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity Randomized controlled trial autism mental retardation intellectual disability methylphenidate stimulants Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is increased in children with intellectual disability. Previous research has suggested stimulants are less effective than in typically developing children but no studies have titrated medication for individual optimal dosing or tested the effects for longer than 4 weeks. Method: One hundred and twenty two drug-free children aged 7–15 with hyperkinetic disorder and IQ 30–69 were recruited to a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial that randomized participants using minimization by probability, stratified by referral source and IQ level in a one to one ratio. Methylphenidate was compared with placebo. Dose titration comprised at least 1 week each of low (0.5 mg/kg/day), medium (1.0 mg/kg/day) and high dose (1.5 mg/kg/day). Parent and teacher Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) index of the Conners Rating Scale-Short Version at 16 weeks provided the primary outcome measures. Clinical response was determined with the Clinical Global Impressions scale (CGI-I). Adverse effects were evaluated by a parent-rated questionnaire, weight, pulse and blood pressure. Analyses were by intention to treat. Trial registration: ISRCTN 68384912. Results: Methylphenidate was superior to placebo with effect sizes of 0.39 [95% confidence intervals (CIs) 0.09, 0.70] and 0.52 (95% CIs 0.23, 0.82) for the parent and teacher Conners ADHD index. Four (7%) children on placebo versus 24 (40%) of those on methylphenidate were judged improved or much improved on the CGI. IQ and autistic symptoms did not affect treatment efficacy. Active medication was associated with sleep difficulty, loss of appetite and weight loss but there were no significant differences in pulse or blood pressure. Conclusions: Optimal dosing of methylphenidate is practical and effective in some children with hyperkinetic disorder and intellectual disability. Adverse effects typical of methylphenidate were seen and medication use may require close monitoring in this vulnerable group. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02569.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=196