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Auteur Paul O'CALLAGHAN |
Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur (2)
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Group trauma-focused cognitive-behavioural therapy with former child soldiers and other war-affected boys in the DR Congo: a randomised controlled trial / John MCMULLEN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-11 (November 2013)
[article]
Titre : Group trauma-focused cognitive-behavioural therapy with former child soldiers and other war-affected boys in the DR Congo: a randomised controlled trial Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : John MCMULLEN, Auteur ; Paul O'CALLAGHAN, Auteur ; Ciaran SHANNON, Auteur ; Alastair BLACK, Auteur ; John EAKIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1231-1241 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Children group posttraumatic stress psychosocial distress therapy war Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has been home to the world's deadliest conflict since World War II and is reported to have the largest number of child soldiers in the world. Despite evidence of the debilitating impact of war, no group-based mental health or psychosocial intervention has been evaluated in a randomised controlled trial for psychologically distressed former child soldiers. Method A randomised controlled trial involving 50 boys, aged 13–17, including former child soldiers (n = 39) and other war-affected boys (n = 11). They were randomly assigned to an intervention group, or wait-list control group. The intervention group received a 15-session, group-based, culturally adapted Trauma-Focused Cognitive–Behavioural Therapy (TF-CBT) intervention. Assessment interviews were completed at baseline, postintervention and 3-month follow-up (intervention group). Results Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) demonstrated that, in comparison to the wait-list control group, the TF-CBT intervention group had highly significant reductions in posttraumatic stress symptoms, overall psychosocial distress, depression or anxiety-like symptoms, conduct problems and a significant increase in prosocial behaviour (p .001 for all). Effect sizes were higher when former child soldier scores were separated for sub-analysis. Three-month follow-up of the intervention group found that treatment gains were maintained. Conclusions A culturally modified, group-based TF-CBT intervention was effective in reducing posttraumatic stress and psychosocial distress in former child soldiers and other war-affected boys. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12094 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=217
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-11 (November 2013) . - p.1231-1241[article] Group trauma-focused cognitive-behavioural therapy with former child soldiers and other war-affected boys in the DR Congo: a randomised controlled trial [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / John MCMULLEN, Auteur ; Paul O'CALLAGHAN, Auteur ; Ciaran SHANNON, Auteur ; Alastair BLACK, Auteur ; John EAKIN, Auteur . - p.1231-1241.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-11 (November 2013) . - p.1231-1241
Mots-clés : Children group posttraumatic stress psychosocial distress therapy war Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has been home to the world's deadliest conflict since World War II and is reported to have the largest number of child soldiers in the world. Despite evidence of the debilitating impact of war, no group-based mental health or psychosocial intervention has been evaluated in a randomised controlled trial for psychologically distressed former child soldiers. Method A randomised controlled trial involving 50 boys, aged 13–17, including former child soldiers (n = 39) and other war-affected boys (n = 11). They were randomly assigned to an intervention group, or wait-list control group. The intervention group received a 15-session, group-based, culturally adapted Trauma-Focused Cognitive–Behavioural Therapy (TF-CBT) intervention. Assessment interviews were completed at baseline, postintervention and 3-month follow-up (intervention group). Results Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) demonstrated that, in comparison to the wait-list control group, the TF-CBT intervention group had highly significant reductions in posttraumatic stress symptoms, overall psychosocial distress, depression or anxiety-like symptoms, conduct problems and a significant increase in prosocial behaviour (p .001 for all). Effect sizes were higher when former child soldier scores were separated for sub-analysis. Three-month follow-up of the intervention group found that treatment gains were maintained. Conclusions A culturally modified, group-based TF-CBT intervention was effective in reducing posttraumatic stress and psychosocial distress in former child soldiers and other war-affected boys. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12094 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=217 Mediators of focused psychosocial support interventions for children in low-resource humanitarian settings: analysis from an Individual Participant Dataset with 3,143 participants / Marianna PURGATO in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-5 (May 2020)
[article]
Titre : Mediators of focused psychosocial support interventions for children in low-resource humanitarian settings: analysis from an Individual Participant Dataset with 3,143 participants Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Marianna PURGATO, Auteur ; Federico TEDESCHI, Auteur ; Theresa S. BETANCOURT, Auteur ; Paul BOLTON, Auteur ; Chiara BONETTO, Auteur ; Chiara GASTALDON, Auteur ; James GORDON, Auteur ; Paul O'CALLAGHAN, Auteur ; Davide PAPOLA, Auteur ; Kirsi PELTONEN, Auteur ; Raija-Leena PUNAMAKI, Auteur ; Justin RICHARDS, Auteur ; Julie K. STAPLES, Auteur ; Johanna UNTERHITZENBERGER, Auteur ; Joop DE JONG, Auteur ; Mark J. D. JORDANS, Auteur ; Alden L. GROSS, Auteur ; Wietse A. TOL, Auteur ; Corrado BARBUI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.584-593 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Mediation analysis children humanitarian setting individual participant data trauma Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Research on psychosocial interventions has been focused on the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions on mental health outcomes, without exploring how interventions achieve beneficial effects. Identifying the potential pathways through which interventions work would potentially allow further strengthening of interventions by emphasizing specific components connected with such pathways. METHODS: We conducted a preplanned mediation analysis using individual participant data from a dataset of 11 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which compared focused psychosocial support interventions versus control conditions for children living in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) affected by humanitarian crises. Based on an ecological resilience framework, we hypothesized that (a) coping, (b) hope, (c) social support, and (d) functional impairment mediate the relationship between intervention and outcome PTSD symptoms. A systematic search on the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, PubMed, PyscARTICLES, Web of Science, and the main local LMICs databases was conducted up to August 2018. The hypotheses were tested by using individual participant data obtained from study authors of all the studies included in the systematic review. RESULTS: We included 3,143 children from 11 studies (100% of data from included studies), of which 1,877 from six studies contributed to the mediation analysis. Functional impairment was the strongest mediator for focused psychosocial interventions on PTSD (mediation coefficient -0.087, standard error 0.040). The estimated proportion of effect mediated by functional impairment, and adjusted for confounders, was 31%. CONCLUSIONS: Findings did not support the proposed mediation hypotheses for coping, hope, and social support. The mediation through functional impairment may represent unmeasured proxy measures or point to a broader mechanism that impacts self-efficacy and agency. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13151 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-5 (May 2020) . - p.584-593[article] Mediators of focused psychosocial support interventions for children in low-resource humanitarian settings: analysis from an Individual Participant Dataset with 3,143 participants [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Marianna PURGATO, Auteur ; Federico TEDESCHI, Auteur ; Theresa S. BETANCOURT, Auteur ; Paul BOLTON, Auteur ; Chiara BONETTO, Auteur ; Chiara GASTALDON, Auteur ; James GORDON, Auteur ; Paul O'CALLAGHAN, Auteur ; Davide PAPOLA, Auteur ; Kirsi PELTONEN, Auteur ; Raija-Leena PUNAMAKI, Auteur ; Justin RICHARDS, Auteur ; Julie K. STAPLES, Auteur ; Johanna UNTERHITZENBERGER, Auteur ; Joop DE JONG, Auteur ; Mark J. D. JORDANS, Auteur ; Alden L. GROSS, Auteur ; Wietse A. TOL, Auteur ; Corrado BARBUI, Auteur . - p.584-593.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-5 (May 2020) . - p.584-593
Mots-clés : Mediation analysis children humanitarian setting individual participant data trauma Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Research on psychosocial interventions has been focused on the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions on mental health outcomes, without exploring how interventions achieve beneficial effects. Identifying the potential pathways through which interventions work would potentially allow further strengthening of interventions by emphasizing specific components connected with such pathways. METHODS: We conducted a preplanned mediation analysis using individual participant data from a dataset of 11 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which compared focused psychosocial support interventions versus control conditions for children living in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) affected by humanitarian crises. Based on an ecological resilience framework, we hypothesized that (a) coping, (b) hope, (c) social support, and (d) functional impairment mediate the relationship between intervention and outcome PTSD symptoms. A systematic search on the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, PubMed, PyscARTICLES, Web of Science, and the main local LMICs databases was conducted up to August 2018. The hypotheses were tested by using individual participant data obtained from study authors of all the studies included in the systematic review. RESULTS: We included 3,143 children from 11 studies (100% of data from included studies), of which 1,877 from six studies contributed to the mediation analysis. Functional impairment was the strongest mediator for focused psychosocial interventions on PTSD (mediation coefficient -0.087, standard error 0.040). The estimated proportion of effect mediated by functional impairment, and adjusted for confounders, was 31%. CONCLUSIONS: Findings did not support the proposed mediation hypotheses for coping, hope, and social support. The mediation through functional impairment may represent unmeasured proxy measures or point to a broader mechanism that impacts self-efficacy and agency. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13151 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422