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Auteur Sarah CASSIDY |
Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur (2)
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Non-suicidal self-injury and its relation to suicide through acquired capability: investigating this causal mechanism in a mainly late-diagnosed autistic sample / Rachel L. MOSELEY in Molecular Autism, 13 (2022)
[article]
Titre : Non-suicidal self-injury and its relation to suicide through acquired capability: investigating this causal mechanism in a mainly late-diagnosed autistic sample Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rachel L. MOSELEY, Auteur ; Nicola J. GREGORY, Auteur ; Paula SMITH, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Sarah CASSIDY, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : 45 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult Humans Female Suicidal Ideation Cross-Sectional Studies Risk Factors Self-Injurious Behavior/epidemiology Pain Acquired capability Nssi Suicide have no competing interests. Professor Baron-Cohen declares a competing interest as per his role as Editor-in-Chief at Molecular Autism. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) has been linked with a higher risk of suicide attempts in autistic and non-autistic people. In the general population, NSSI may confer acquired capability for suicide by eroding one's fear and avoidance of pain and death. The present study aimed to explore acquired capability as the mediator of increased suicide risk conferred by NSSI in autistic and non-autistic adults. METHODS: Autistic and non-autistic adults (n=314, n=312) completed an online survey exploring lifetime suicide attempts, experience with NSSI, and acquired capability for suicide. We explored relationships between lifetime incidence of NSSI and lifetime suicide attempts via three facets of acquired capability (pain tolerance, reduced fear of death, and mental rehearsal of suicide). In self-harming participants (224 autistic and 156 non-autistic), we explored whether particular types and features of NSSI might be especially associated with capability and through that with suicide: namely engagement in scratching, cutting, and self-hitting, and engaging in more numerous forms of NSSI. RESULTS: While a higher frequency of NSSI was associated with all three facets of acquired capability, only reduced fear of death and mental rehearsal of suicide mediated an indirect relationship with lifetime suicide attempts. NSSI also directly predicted more numerous suicide attempts. Autistic people tended towards reduced fear of death and mental rehearsal regardless of NSSI status. Among self-harming autistic and non-autistic participants, cutting and an increased number of NSSI behaviours were associated with lifetime suicide attempts directly and indirectly via acquired capability. In both groups, self-hitting was associated with lifetime suicide attempts only via acquired capability. LIMITATIONS: Our cross-sectional methodology negates inferences of directionality. While we controlled for age, our samples were poorly matched, with the autistic group two times older on average. The autistic sample, predominantly late-diagnosed, female and highly qualified, were unrepresentative of the whole autistic community. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that acquired capability, as measured herein, is an incomplete explanation for the association between NSSI and suicide risk. A broader construct with stable and transient facets may offer greater explanatory power, but it is probable that other variables explain or provide additional means through which this association arises. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-022-00522-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=491
in Molecular Autism > 13 (2022) . - 45 p.[article] Non-suicidal self-injury and its relation to suicide through acquired capability: investigating this causal mechanism in a mainly late-diagnosed autistic sample [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rachel L. MOSELEY, Auteur ; Nicola J. GREGORY, Auteur ; Paula SMITH, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Sarah CASSIDY, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur . - 45 p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 13 (2022) . - 45 p.
Mots-clés : Adult Humans Female Suicidal Ideation Cross-Sectional Studies Risk Factors Self-Injurious Behavior/epidemiology Pain Acquired capability Nssi Suicide have no competing interests. Professor Baron-Cohen declares a competing interest as per his role as Editor-in-Chief at Molecular Autism. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) has been linked with a higher risk of suicide attempts in autistic and non-autistic people. In the general population, NSSI may confer acquired capability for suicide by eroding one's fear and avoidance of pain and death. The present study aimed to explore acquired capability as the mediator of increased suicide risk conferred by NSSI in autistic and non-autistic adults. METHODS: Autistic and non-autistic adults (n=314, n=312) completed an online survey exploring lifetime suicide attempts, experience with NSSI, and acquired capability for suicide. We explored relationships between lifetime incidence of NSSI and lifetime suicide attempts via three facets of acquired capability (pain tolerance, reduced fear of death, and mental rehearsal of suicide). In self-harming participants (224 autistic and 156 non-autistic), we explored whether particular types and features of NSSI might be especially associated with capability and through that with suicide: namely engagement in scratching, cutting, and self-hitting, and engaging in more numerous forms of NSSI. RESULTS: While a higher frequency of NSSI was associated with all three facets of acquired capability, only reduced fear of death and mental rehearsal of suicide mediated an indirect relationship with lifetime suicide attempts. NSSI also directly predicted more numerous suicide attempts. Autistic people tended towards reduced fear of death and mental rehearsal regardless of NSSI status. Among self-harming autistic and non-autistic participants, cutting and an increased number of NSSI behaviours were associated with lifetime suicide attempts directly and indirectly via acquired capability. In both groups, self-hitting was associated with lifetime suicide attempts only via acquired capability. LIMITATIONS: Our cross-sectional methodology negates inferences of directionality. While we controlled for age, our samples were poorly matched, with the autistic group two times older on average. The autistic sample, predominantly late-diagnosed, female and highly qualified, were unrepresentative of the whole autistic community. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that acquired capability, as measured herein, is an incomplete explanation for the association between NSSI and suicide risk. A broader construct with stable and transient facets may offer greater explanatory power, but it is probable that other variables explain or provide additional means through which this association arises. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-022-00522-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=491 A systematic review and meta-analysis of suicidality in autistic and possibly autistic people without co-occurring intellectual disability / Lucy PHILLIPS ; Chris JONES ; Ellen TOWNSEND ; Caroline RICHARDS ; Sarah CASSIDY in Molecular Autism, 14 (2023)
[article]
Titre : A systematic review and meta-analysis of suicidality in autistic and possibly autistic people without co-occurring intellectual disability Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lucy PHILLIPS, Auteur ; Chris JONES, Auteur ; Ellen TOWNSEND, Auteur ; Caroline RICHARDS, Auteur ; Sarah CASSIDY, Auteur Article en page(s) : 12 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Suicidality is highly prevalent in autistic people without co-occurring intellectual disabilities, and high autistic traits are found in adults who have attempted suicide. However, prevalence rates for both autistic and possibly autistic people have not been synthesised meta-analytically. AIMS: To (1) calculate pooled prevalence estimates of suicidality in autistic people and possibly autistic people without co-occurring intellectual disability; (2) evaluate the influence of participant and study level characteristics on heterogeneity; and (3) determine the quality of evidence. METHODS: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines were followed. PsycINFO, Embase, MEDLINE and Web of Science were systematically searched from 1992 to January 25, 2022. Empirical quantitative studies reporting prevalence of suicidal ideation, suicide plans, or suicide attempts and behaviours were considered for inclusion. Random effects models were used to estimate pooled prevalence of each suicidality outcome with 95% confidence intervals. Heterogeneity was explored using sensitivity and moderator analyses. RESULTS: Data from 48,186 autistic and possibly autistic participants in 36 primary studies were meta-analysed. Pooled prevalence of suicidal ideation was 34.2% (95% CI 27.9-40.5), suicide plans 21.9% (13.4-30.4), and suicidal attempts and behaviours 24.3% (18.9-29.6). High levels of heterogeneity (I(2)>75) were observed in all three analyses. Estimates did not differ between autistic or possibly autistic samples. Geographical location (p=0.005), transgender or gender non-conforming samples (p<0.001) and type of report (p<0.001) significantly moderated suicidal ideation, whereas age group (p=0.001) and measure of suicidality (p=0.001) significantly moderated suicide plans. There was a significant association between the proportion of male participants and prevalence of suicide plans, with a decrease in the proportion of males for every unit change of suicide plan prevalence (p=0.013). No variables were found to moderate estimates of suicide attempts and behaviours. CONCLUSIONS: The results confirm suicidality is highly prevalent in both autistic and possibly autistic people without co-occurring intellectual disability and highlights potential moderators. Possibly autistic individuals require more attention in clinical and research considerations going forward to further understand and prevent suicide in both groups. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-023-00544-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=513
in Molecular Autism > 14 (2023) . - 12 p.[article] A systematic review and meta-analysis of suicidality in autistic and possibly autistic people without co-occurring intellectual disability [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lucy PHILLIPS, Auteur ; Chris JONES, Auteur ; Ellen TOWNSEND, Auteur ; Caroline RICHARDS, Auteur ; Sarah CASSIDY, Auteur . - 12 p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 14 (2023) . - 12 p.
Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Suicidality is highly prevalent in autistic people without co-occurring intellectual disabilities, and high autistic traits are found in adults who have attempted suicide. However, prevalence rates for both autistic and possibly autistic people have not been synthesised meta-analytically. AIMS: To (1) calculate pooled prevalence estimates of suicidality in autistic people and possibly autistic people without co-occurring intellectual disability; (2) evaluate the influence of participant and study level characteristics on heterogeneity; and (3) determine the quality of evidence. METHODS: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines were followed. PsycINFO, Embase, MEDLINE and Web of Science were systematically searched from 1992 to January 25, 2022. Empirical quantitative studies reporting prevalence of suicidal ideation, suicide plans, or suicide attempts and behaviours were considered for inclusion. Random effects models were used to estimate pooled prevalence of each suicidality outcome with 95% confidence intervals. Heterogeneity was explored using sensitivity and moderator analyses. RESULTS: Data from 48,186 autistic and possibly autistic participants in 36 primary studies were meta-analysed. Pooled prevalence of suicidal ideation was 34.2% (95% CI 27.9-40.5), suicide plans 21.9% (13.4-30.4), and suicidal attempts and behaviours 24.3% (18.9-29.6). High levels of heterogeneity (I(2)>75) were observed in all three analyses. Estimates did not differ between autistic or possibly autistic samples. Geographical location (p=0.005), transgender or gender non-conforming samples (p<0.001) and type of report (p<0.001) significantly moderated suicidal ideation, whereas age group (p=0.001) and measure of suicidality (p=0.001) significantly moderated suicide plans. There was a significant association between the proportion of male participants and prevalence of suicide plans, with a decrease in the proportion of males for every unit change of suicide plan prevalence (p=0.013). No variables were found to moderate estimates of suicide attempts and behaviours. CONCLUSIONS: The results confirm suicidality is highly prevalent in both autistic and possibly autistic people without co-occurring intellectual disability and highlights potential moderators. Possibly autistic individuals require more attention in clinical and research considerations going forward to further understand and prevent suicide in both groups. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-023-00544-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=513