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Autism spectrum disorder and brain volume link through a set of mTOR-related genes / Martina ARENELLA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 64-7 (July 2023)
[article]
Titre : Autism spectrum disorder and brain volume link through a set of mTOR-related genes Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Martina ARENELLA, Auteur ; Nina R. MOTA, Auteur ; Mariel W. A. TEUNISSEN, Auteur ; Han G. BRUNNER, Auteur ; Janita BRALTEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1007-1014 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders genetics brain volume mammalian target of rapamycin stratified genetic correlation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Larger than average head and brain sizes are often observed in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). ASD and brain volume are both highly heritable, with multiple genetic variants contributing. However, it is unclear whether ASD and brain volume share any genetic mechanisms. Genes from the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway influence brain volume, and variants are found in rare genetic syndromes that include ASD features. Here we investigated whether variants in mTOR-related genes are also associated with ASD and if they constitute a genetic link between large brains and ASD. Methods We extended our analyses between large heads (macrocephaly) and rare de novo mTOR-related variants in an intellectual disability cohort (N = 2,258). Subsequently using Fisher's exact tests we investigated the co-occurrence of mTOR-related de novo variants and ASD in the de-novo-db database (N = 23,098). We next selected common genetic variants within a set of 96 mTOR-related genes in genome-wide genetic association data of ASD (N = 46,350) to test gene-set association using MAGMA. Lastly, we tested genetic correlation between genome-wide genetic association data of ASD (N = 46,350) and intracranial volume (N = 25,974) globally using linkage disequilibrium score regression as well as mTOR specific by restricting the genetic correlation to the mTOR-related genes using GNOVA. Results Our results show that both macrocephaly and ASD occur above chance level in individuals carrying rare de novo variants in mTOR-related genes. We found a significant mTOR gene-set association with ASD (p = .0029) and an mTOR-stratified positive genetic correlation between ASD and intracranial volume (p = .027), despite the absence of a significant genome-wide correlation (p = .81). Conclusions This work indicates that both rare and common variants in mTOR-related genes are associated with brain volume and ASD and genetically correlate them in the expected direction. We demonstrate that genes involved in mTOR signalling are potential mediators of the relationship between having a large brain and having ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13783 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-7 (July 2023) . - p.1007-1014[article] Autism spectrum disorder and brain volume link through a set of mTOR-related genes [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Martina ARENELLA, Auteur ; Nina R. MOTA, Auteur ; Mariel W. A. TEUNISSEN, Auteur ; Han G. BRUNNER, Auteur ; Janita BRALTEN, Auteur . - p.1007-1014.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-7 (July 2023) . - p.1007-1014
Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders genetics brain volume mammalian target of rapamycin stratified genetic correlation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Larger than average head and brain sizes are often observed in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). ASD and brain volume are both highly heritable, with multiple genetic variants contributing. However, it is unclear whether ASD and brain volume share any genetic mechanisms. Genes from the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway influence brain volume, and variants are found in rare genetic syndromes that include ASD features. Here we investigated whether variants in mTOR-related genes are also associated with ASD and if they constitute a genetic link between large brains and ASD. Methods We extended our analyses between large heads (macrocephaly) and rare de novo mTOR-related variants in an intellectual disability cohort (N = 2,258). Subsequently using Fisher's exact tests we investigated the co-occurrence of mTOR-related de novo variants and ASD in the de-novo-db database (N = 23,098). We next selected common genetic variants within a set of 96 mTOR-related genes in genome-wide genetic association data of ASD (N = 46,350) to test gene-set association using MAGMA. Lastly, we tested genetic correlation between genome-wide genetic association data of ASD (N = 46,350) and intracranial volume (N = 25,974) globally using linkage disequilibrium score regression as well as mTOR specific by restricting the genetic correlation to the mTOR-related genes using GNOVA. Results Our results show that both macrocephaly and ASD occur above chance level in individuals carrying rare de novo variants in mTOR-related genes. We found a significant mTOR gene-set association with ASD (p = .0029) and an mTOR-stratified positive genetic correlation between ASD and intracranial volume (p = .027), despite the absence of a significant genome-wide correlation (p = .81). Conclusions This work indicates that both rare and common variants in mTOR-related genes are associated with brain volume and ASD and genetically correlate them in the expected direction. We demonstrate that genes involved in mTOR signalling are potential mediators of the relationship between having a large brain and having ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13783 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508 Lack of association of rare functional variants in TSC1/TSC2 genes with autism spectrum disorder / Samira BAHL in Molecular Autism, (March 2013)
[article]
Titre : Lack of association of rare functional variants in TSC1/TSC2 genes with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Samira BAHL, Auteur ; Colby CHIANG, Auteur ; Roberta L. BEAUCHAMP, Auteur ; Benjamin NEALE, Auteur ; Mark J. DALY, Auteur ; James GUSELLA, Auteur ; Michael E. TALKOWSKI, Auteur ; Vijaya RAMESH, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : 11 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder Tuberous sclerosis complex Mammalian target of rapamycin Next-generation sequencing Rare variants Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND:Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is reported in 30 to 60% of patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) but shared genetic mechanisms that exist between TSC-associated ASD and idiopathic ASD have yet to be determined. Through the small G-protein Rheb, the TSC proteins, hamartin and tuberin, negatively regulate mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling. It is well established that mTORC1 plays a pivotal role in neuronal translation and connectivity, so dysregulation of mTORC1 signaling could be a common feature in many ASDs. Pam, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, binds to TSC proteins and regulates mTORC1 signaling in the CNS, and the FBXO45-Pam ubiquitin ligase complex plays an essential role in neurodevelopment by regulating synapse formation and growth. Since mounting evidence has established autism as a disorder of the synapses, we tested whether rare genetic variants in TSC1, TSC2, MYCBP2, RHEB and FBXO45, genes that regulate mTORC1 signaling and/or play a role in synapse development and function, contribute to the pathogenesis of idiopathic ASD.METHODS:Exons and splice junctions of TSC1, TSC2, MYCBP2, RHEB and FBXO45 were resequenced for 300 ASD trios from the Simons Simplex Collection (SSC) using a pooled PCR amplification and next-generation sequencing strategy, targeted to the discovery of deleterious coding variation. These detected, potentially functional, variants were confirmed by Sanger sequencing of the individual samples comprising the pools in which they were identified.RESULTS:We identified a total of 23 missense variants in MYCBP2, TSC1 and TSC2. These variants exhibited a near equal distribution between the proband and parental pools, with no statistical excess in ASD cases (P 0.05). All proband variants were inherited. No putative deleterious variants were confirmed in RHEB and FBXO45. Three intronic variants, identified as potential splice defects in MYCBP2 did not show aberrant splicing upon RNA assay. Overall, we did not find an over-representation of ASD causal variants in the genes studied to support them as contributors to autism susceptibility.CONCLUSIONS:We did not observe an enrichment of rare functional variants in TSC1 and TSC2 genes in our sample set of 300 trios. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2040-2392-4-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=202
in Molecular Autism > (March 2013) . - 11 p.[article] Lack of association of rare functional variants in TSC1/TSC2 genes with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Samira BAHL, Auteur ; Colby CHIANG, Auteur ; Roberta L. BEAUCHAMP, Auteur ; Benjamin NEALE, Auteur ; Mark J. DALY, Auteur ; James GUSELLA, Auteur ; Michael E. TALKOWSKI, Auteur ; Vijaya RAMESH, Auteur . - 2013 . - 11 p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > (March 2013) . - 11 p.
Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder Tuberous sclerosis complex Mammalian target of rapamycin Next-generation sequencing Rare variants Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND:Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is reported in 30 to 60% of patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) but shared genetic mechanisms that exist between TSC-associated ASD and idiopathic ASD have yet to be determined. Through the small G-protein Rheb, the TSC proteins, hamartin and tuberin, negatively regulate mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling. It is well established that mTORC1 plays a pivotal role in neuronal translation and connectivity, so dysregulation of mTORC1 signaling could be a common feature in many ASDs. Pam, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, binds to TSC proteins and regulates mTORC1 signaling in the CNS, and the FBXO45-Pam ubiquitin ligase complex plays an essential role in neurodevelopment by regulating synapse formation and growth. Since mounting evidence has established autism as a disorder of the synapses, we tested whether rare genetic variants in TSC1, TSC2, MYCBP2, RHEB and FBXO45, genes that regulate mTORC1 signaling and/or play a role in synapse development and function, contribute to the pathogenesis of idiopathic ASD.METHODS:Exons and splice junctions of TSC1, TSC2, MYCBP2, RHEB and FBXO45 were resequenced for 300 ASD trios from the Simons Simplex Collection (SSC) using a pooled PCR amplification and next-generation sequencing strategy, targeted to the discovery of deleterious coding variation. These detected, potentially functional, variants were confirmed by Sanger sequencing of the individual samples comprising the pools in which they were identified.RESULTS:We identified a total of 23 missense variants in MYCBP2, TSC1 and TSC2. These variants exhibited a near equal distribution between the proband and parental pools, with no statistical excess in ASD cases (P 0.05). All proband variants were inherited. No putative deleterious variants were confirmed in RHEB and FBXO45. Three intronic variants, identified as potential splice defects in MYCBP2 did not show aberrant splicing upon RNA assay. Overall, we did not find an over-representation of ASD causal variants in the genes studied to support them as contributors to autism susceptibility.CONCLUSIONS:We did not observe an enrichment of rare functional variants in TSC1 and TSC2 genes in our sample set of 300 trios. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2040-2392-4-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=202