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Alpha oscillatory activity during attentional control in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and ASD+ADHD / Roser CAÑIGUERAL in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-7 (July 2022)
[article]
Titre : Alpha oscillatory activity during attentional control in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and ASD+ADHD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Roser CAÑIGUERAL, Auteur ; Jason PALMER, Auteur ; Karen L. ASHWOOD, Auteur ; Bahar AZADI, Auteur ; Philip ASHERSON, Auteur ; Patrick F. BOLTON, Auteur ; Gráinne MCLOUGHLIN, Auteur ; Charlotte TYE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.745-761 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis Child Executive Function/physiology Humans Reaction Time/physiology Adhd Autism Spectrum Disorder attention comorbidity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) share impairments in top-down and bottom-up modulation of attention. However, it is not yet well understood if co-occurrence of ASD and ADHD reflects a distinct or additive profile of attention deficits. We aimed to characterise alpha oscillatory activity (stimulus-locked alpha desynchronisation and prestimulus alpha) as an index of integration of top-down and bottom-up attentional processes in ASD and ADHD. METHODS: Children with ASD, ADHD, comorbid ASD+ADHD, and typically-developing children completed a fixed-choice reaction-time task ('Fast task') while neurophysiological activity was recorded. Outcome measures were derived from source-decomposed neurophysiological data. Main measures of interest were prestimulus alpha power and alpha desynchronisation (difference between poststimulus and prestimulus alpha). Poststimulus activity linked to attention allocation (P1, P3), attentional control (N2), and cognitive control (theta synchronisation, 100-600?ms) was also examined. ANOVA was used to test differences across diagnostics groups on these measures. Spearman's correlations were used to investigate the relationship between attentional control processes (alpha oscillations), central executive functions (theta synchronisation), early visual processing (P1), and behavioural performance. RESULTS: Children with ADHD (ADHD and ASD+ADHD) showed attenuated alpha desynchronisation, indicating poor integration of top-down and bottom-up attentional processes. Children with ADHD showed reduced N2 and P3 amplitudes, while children with ASD (ASD and ASD+ADHD) showed greater N2 amplitude, indicating atypical attentional control and attention allocation across ASD and ADHD. In the ASD group, prestimulus alpha and theta synchronisation were negatively correlated, and alpha desynchronisation and theta synchronisation were positively correlated, suggesting an atypical association between attentional control processes and executive functions. CONCLUSIONS: ASD and ADHD are associated with disorder-specific impairments, while children with ASD+ADHD overall presented an additive profile with attentional deficits of both disorders. Importantly, these findings may inform the improvement of transdiagnostic procedures and optimisation of personalised intervention approaches. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13514 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=477
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-7 (July 2022) . - p.745-761[article] Alpha oscillatory activity during attentional control in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and ASD+ADHD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Roser CAÑIGUERAL, Auteur ; Jason PALMER, Auteur ; Karen L. ASHWOOD, Auteur ; Bahar AZADI, Auteur ; Philip ASHERSON, Auteur ; Patrick F. BOLTON, Auteur ; Gráinne MCLOUGHLIN, Auteur ; Charlotte TYE, Auteur . - p.745-761.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-7 (July 2022) . - p.745-761
Mots-clés : Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis Child Executive Function/physiology Humans Reaction Time/physiology Adhd Autism Spectrum Disorder attention comorbidity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) share impairments in top-down and bottom-up modulation of attention. However, it is not yet well understood if co-occurrence of ASD and ADHD reflects a distinct or additive profile of attention deficits. We aimed to characterise alpha oscillatory activity (stimulus-locked alpha desynchronisation and prestimulus alpha) as an index of integration of top-down and bottom-up attentional processes in ASD and ADHD. METHODS: Children with ASD, ADHD, comorbid ASD+ADHD, and typically-developing children completed a fixed-choice reaction-time task ('Fast task') while neurophysiological activity was recorded. Outcome measures were derived from source-decomposed neurophysiological data. Main measures of interest were prestimulus alpha power and alpha desynchronisation (difference between poststimulus and prestimulus alpha). Poststimulus activity linked to attention allocation (P1, P3), attentional control (N2), and cognitive control (theta synchronisation, 100-600?ms) was also examined. ANOVA was used to test differences across diagnostics groups on these measures. Spearman's correlations were used to investigate the relationship between attentional control processes (alpha oscillations), central executive functions (theta synchronisation), early visual processing (P1), and behavioural performance. RESULTS: Children with ADHD (ADHD and ASD+ADHD) showed attenuated alpha desynchronisation, indicating poor integration of top-down and bottom-up attentional processes. Children with ADHD showed reduced N2 and P3 amplitudes, while children with ASD (ASD and ASD+ADHD) showed greater N2 amplitude, indicating atypical attentional control and attention allocation across ASD and ADHD. In the ASD group, prestimulus alpha and theta synchronisation were negatively correlated, and alpha desynchronisation and theta synchronisation were positively correlated, suggesting an atypical association between attentional control processes and executive functions. CONCLUSIONS: ASD and ADHD are associated with disorder-specific impairments, while children with ASD+ADHD overall presented an additive profile with attentional deficits of both disorders. Importantly, these findings may inform the improvement of transdiagnostic procedures and optimisation of personalised intervention approaches. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13514 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=477 Obsessive-compulsive disorder in children and youth: neurocognitive function in clinic and community samples / Russell SCHACHAR in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-8 (August 2022)
[article]
Titre : Obsessive-compulsive disorder in children and youth: neurocognitive function in clinic and community samples Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Russell SCHACHAR, Auteur ; Annie DUPUIS, Auteur ; Evdokia ANAGNOSTOU, Auteur ; Stelios GEORGIADES, Auteur ; Noam SORENI, Auteur ; Paul D. ARNOLD, Auteur ; Christie L. BURTON, Auteur ; Jennifer CROSBIE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.881-889 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent Attention Child Comorbidity Humans Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/diagnosis Phenotype Reaction Time/physiology Ocd Stop-signal task executive function neurocognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Neurocognitive impairments are common in OCD, although not well studied in children and youth with the disorder. METHOD: Using the stop-signal task (SST), we measured response inhibition (stop-signal reaction time-SSRT), sustained attention (reaction time variability-RTV), reaction time (RT), and performance monitoring (post-error slowing-PES) in OCD cases and controls from two samples of children and youth. A Clinic OCD group (n=171, aged 7-17years) was recruited from a specialty clinic after rigorous assessment. A typically developing (Clinic TD, n=157) group was enlisted through advertisement. A community OCD sample (Community OCD, n=147) and controls (Community TD n=13,832, aged 6-17 years) were recruited at a science museum. We also identified a community group with high OCD traits without an OCD diagnosis (Community High Trait; n=125). RESULTS: Clinic OCD participants had longer SSRT and greater RTV than Clinic TD. These effects were greater in younger OCD participants and, for SSRT, in those on medication for OCD. The Community OCD group did not differ from Controls but was similar to the Clinic OCD group in ADHD and ASD comorbidity and medication usage. The Community High Trait group had longer SSRT and atypical PES suggesting that symptom severity predicts neurocognitive function. No group differences were found in RT. CONCLUSIONS: In the largest study of neurocognitive performance in children with OCD to date, we found impaired response inhibition and sustained attention in OCD participants in comparison to typically developing peers. Performance was worse in younger OCD participants. In the community sample, participants with high OCD trait scores but no OCD diagnosis had impaired response inhibition and error processing, suggesting that OCD might be under-recognized. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13533 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-8 (August 2022) . - p.881-889[article] Obsessive-compulsive disorder in children and youth: neurocognitive function in clinic and community samples [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Russell SCHACHAR, Auteur ; Annie DUPUIS, Auteur ; Evdokia ANAGNOSTOU, Auteur ; Stelios GEORGIADES, Auteur ; Noam SORENI, Auteur ; Paul D. ARNOLD, Auteur ; Christie L. BURTON, Auteur ; Jennifer CROSBIE, Auteur . - p.881-889.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-8 (August 2022) . - p.881-889
Mots-clés : Adolescent Attention Child Comorbidity Humans Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/diagnosis Phenotype Reaction Time/physiology Ocd Stop-signal task executive function neurocognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Neurocognitive impairments are common in OCD, although not well studied in children and youth with the disorder. METHOD: Using the stop-signal task (SST), we measured response inhibition (stop-signal reaction time-SSRT), sustained attention (reaction time variability-RTV), reaction time (RT), and performance monitoring (post-error slowing-PES) in OCD cases and controls from two samples of children and youth. A Clinic OCD group (n=171, aged 7-17years) was recruited from a specialty clinic after rigorous assessment. A typically developing (Clinic TD, n=157) group was enlisted through advertisement. A community OCD sample (Community OCD, n=147) and controls (Community TD n=13,832, aged 6-17 years) were recruited at a science museum. We also identified a community group with high OCD traits without an OCD diagnosis (Community High Trait; n=125). RESULTS: Clinic OCD participants had longer SSRT and greater RTV than Clinic TD. These effects were greater in younger OCD participants and, for SSRT, in those on medication for OCD. The Community OCD group did not differ from Controls but was similar to the Clinic OCD group in ADHD and ASD comorbidity and medication usage. The Community High Trait group had longer SSRT and atypical PES suggesting that symptom severity predicts neurocognitive function. No group differences were found in RT. CONCLUSIONS: In the largest study of neurocognitive performance in children with OCD to date, we found impaired response inhibition and sustained attention in OCD participants in comparison to typically developing peers. Performance was worse in younger OCD participants. In the community sample, participants with high OCD trait scores but no OCD diagnosis had impaired response inhibition and error processing, suggesting that OCD might be under-recognized. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13533 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486