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Reduced goal-directed action control in autism spectrum disorder / Gail A. ALVARES in Autism Research, 9-12 (December 2016)
[article]
Titre : Reduced goal-directed action control in autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Gail A. ALVARES, Auteur ; Bernard W. BALLEINE, Auteur ; Lisa WHITTLE, Auteur ; Adam J. GUASTELLA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1285-1293 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : goal-directed behavior habits behavioral neuroscience action control outcome devaluation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a group of heterogeneous neurodevelopmental conditions associated with persistent, stereotyped or repetitive actions, and patterns of interest that are maintained in spite of possible negative outcomes. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether impairments in the ability to execute flexible goal-directed actions may be an underlying feature in ASD contributing to these symptoms. Young adults diagnosed with ASD were recruited along with controls and adults with social anxiety disorder (SAD). Participants were trained to make keyboard actions for food outcomes and then subsequently allowed to consume one outcome till satiety. As expected, this outcome devaluation procedure reduced subsequent responding for actions predicting the devalued outcome, while maintaining responding on the other still-valued action, in controls. However, both ASD and SAD participants were unable to demonstrate flexible goal-directed actions, and were insensitive to the change in outcome value on subsequent action control. This behavioral deficit was not due to impairments in appropriate contingency awareness, as all groups rated the devalued food outcome as less pleasant after devaluation. A lack of control over actions may underlie persistent and habitual actions in anxiety-inducing contexts typical in both ASD and SAD, such as avoidance and safety behaviors. Using a translational behavioral paradigm, this study demonstrated that individuals with ASD are unable to use changes in the environment to flexibly update their behavior in the same context. This reduced behavioral control may underlie persistence of intrusive actions and restricted inflexible cognition, representing a specific area for targeted behavioral interventions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1613 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=298
in Autism Research > 9-12 (December 2016) . - p.1285-1293[article] Reduced goal-directed action control in autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Gail A. ALVARES, Auteur ; Bernard W. BALLEINE, Auteur ; Lisa WHITTLE, Auteur ; Adam J. GUASTELLA, Auteur . - p.1285-1293.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 9-12 (December 2016) . - p.1285-1293
Mots-clés : goal-directed behavior habits behavioral neuroscience action control outcome devaluation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a group of heterogeneous neurodevelopmental conditions associated with persistent, stereotyped or repetitive actions, and patterns of interest that are maintained in spite of possible negative outcomes. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether impairments in the ability to execute flexible goal-directed actions may be an underlying feature in ASD contributing to these symptoms. Young adults diagnosed with ASD were recruited along with controls and adults with social anxiety disorder (SAD). Participants were trained to make keyboard actions for food outcomes and then subsequently allowed to consume one outcome till satiety. As expected, this outcome devaluation procedure reduced subsequent responding for actions predicting the devalued outcome, while maintaining responding on the other still-valued action, in controls. However, both ASD and SAD participants were unable to demonstrate flexible goal-directed actions, and were insensitive to the change in outcome value on subsequent action control. This behavioral deficit was not due to impairments in appropriate contingency awareness, as all groups rated the devalued food outcome as less pleasant after devaluation. A lack of control over actions may underlie persistent and habitual actions in anxiety-inducing contexts typical in both ASD and SAD, such as avoidance and safety behaviors. Using a translational behavioral paradigm, this study demonstrated that individuals with ASD are unable to use changes in the environment to flexibly update their behavior in the same context. This reduced behavioral control may underlie persistence of intrusive actions and restricted inflexible cognition, representing a specific area for targeted behavioral interventions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1613 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=298 Shall we do this together? Social gaze influences action control in a comparison group, but not in individuals with high-functioning autism / Leonhard SCHILBACH in Autism, 16-2 (March 2012)
[article]
Titre : Shall we do this together? Social gaze influences action control in a comparison group, but not in individuals with high-functioning autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Leonhard SCHILBACH, Auteur ; Simon B. EICKHOFF, Auteur ; Edna C. CIESLIK, Auteur ; Bojana KUZMANOVIC, Auteur ; Kai VOGELEY, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.151-162 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : action control high-functioning autism social gaze stimulus-response compatibility Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Perceiving someone else’s gaze shift toward an object can influence how this object will be manipulated by the observer, suggesting a modulatory effect of a gaze-based social context on action control. High-functioning autism (HFA) is characterized by impairments of social interaction, which may be associated with an inability to automatically integrate socially relevant nonverbal cues when generating actions. To explore these hypotheses, we made use of a stimulus-response compatibility paradigm in which a comparison group and patients with HFA were asked to generate spatially congruent or incongruent motor responses to changes in a face, a face-like and an object stimulus. Results demonstrate that while in the comparison group being looked at by a virtual other leads to a reduction of reaction time costs associated with generating a spatially incongruent response, this effect is not present in the HFA group. We suggest that this modulatory effect of social gaze on action control might play an important role in direct social interactions by helping to coordinate one’s actions with those of someone else. Future research should focus on these implicit mechanisms of interpersonal alignment (‘online’ social cognition), which might be at the very heart of the difficulties individuals with autism experience in everyday social encounters. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361311409258 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=155
in Autism > 16-2 (March 2012) . - p.151-162[article] Shall we do this together? Social gaze influences action control in a comparison group, but not in individuals with high-functioning autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Leonhard SCHILBACH, Auteur ; Simon B. EICKHOFF, Auteur ; Edna C. CIESLIK, Auteur ; Bojana KUZMANOVIC, Auteur ; Kai VOGELEY, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.151-162.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 16-2 (March 2012) . - p.151-162
Mots-clés : action control high-functioning autism social gaze stimulus-response compatibility Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Perceiving someone else’s gaze shift toward an object can influence how this object will be manipulated by the observer, suggesting a modulatory effect of a gaze-based social context on action control. High-functioning autism (HFA) is characterized by impairments of social interaction, which may be associated with an inability to automatically integrate socially relevant nonverbal cues when generating actions. To explore these hypotheses, we made use of a stimulus-response compatibility paradigm in which a comparison group and patients with HFA were asked to generate spatially congruent or incongruent motor responses to changes in a face, a face-like and an object stimulus. Results demonstrate that while in the comparison group being looked at by a virtual other leads to a reduction of reaction time costs associated with generating a spatially incongruent response, this effect is not present in the HFA group. We suggest that this modulatory effect of social gaze on action control might play an important role in direct social interactions by helping to coordinate one’s actions with those of someone else. Future research should focus on these implicit mechanisms of interpersonal alignment (‘online’ social cognition), which might be at the very heart of the difficulties individuals with autism experience in everyday social encounters. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361311409258 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=155