22 recherche sur le mot-clé 'categorization'

Adults with Autism Tend to Undermine the Hidden Environmental Structure: Evidence from a Visual Associative Learning Task / Laurie-Anne SAPEY-TRIOMPHE in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48-9 (September 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-9 (September 2018) . - p.3061-3074 Titre : Adults with Autism Tend to Undermine the Hidden Environmental Structure: Evidence from a Visual Associative Learning Task Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Laurie-Anne SAPEY-TRIOMPHE, Auteur ; Sandrine SONIE, Auteur ; M.A. HENAFF, Auteur ; Jérémie MATTOUT, Auteur ; Christina SCHMITZ, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3061-3074 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Categorization  Learning  Local and global processing  Perception Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The learning-style theory of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) (Qian, Lipkin, Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 5:77, 2011) states that ASD individuals differ from neurotypics in the way they learn and store information about the environment and its structure. ASD would rather adopt a lookup-table strategy (LUT: memorizing each experience), while neurotypics would favor an interpolation style (INT: extracting regularities to generalize). In a series of visual behavioral tasks, we tested this hypothesis in 20 neurotypical and 20 ASD adults. ASD participants had difficulties using the INT style when instructions were hidden but not when instructions were revealed. Rather than an inability to use rules, ASD would be characterized by a disinclination to generalize and infer such rules. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3574-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=367 [article] Adults with Autism Tend to Undermine the Hidden Environmental Structure: Evidence from a Visual Associative Learning Task [texte imprimé] / Laurie-Anne SAPEY-TRIOMPHE, Auteur ; Sandrine SONIE, Auteur ; M.A. HENAFF, Auteur ; Jérémie MATTOUT, Auteur ; Christina SCHMITZ, Auteur . - p.3061-3074. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-9 (September 2018) . - p.3061-3074 Mots-clés : Autism  Categorization  Learning  Local and global processing  Perception Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The learning-style theory of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) (Qian, Lipkin, Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 5:77, 2011) states that ASD individuals differ from neurotypics in the way they learn and store information about the environment and its structure. ASD would rather adopt a lookup-table strategy (LUT: memorizing each experience), while neurotypics would favor an interpolation style (INT: extracting regularities to generalize). In a series of visual behavioral tasks, we tested this hypothesis in 20 neurotypical and 20 ASD adults. ASD participants had difficulties using the INT style when instructions were hidden but not when instructions were revealed. Rather than an inability to use rules, ASD would be characterized by a disinclination to generalize and infer such rules. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3574-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=367

Atypical Categorical Perception in Autism: Autonomy of Discrimination? / Isabelle SOULIERES in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37-3 (March 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 37-3 (March 2007) . - p.481-490 Titre : Atypical Categorical Perception in Autism: Autonomy of Discrimination? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Isabelle SOULIERES, Auteur ; Laurent MOTTRON, Auteur ; Daniel SAUMIER, Auteur ; Serge LAROCHELLE, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.481-490 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Categorization Discrimination Categorical-perception Top-down-processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A diminished top-down influence has been proposed in autism, to account for enhanced performance in low-level perceptual tasks. Applied to perceptual categorization, this hypothesis predicts a diminished influence of category on discrimination. In order to test this hypothesis, we compared categorical perception in 16 individuals with and 16 individuals without high-functioning autism. While participants with and without autism displayed a typical classification curve, there was no facilitation of discrimination near the category boundary in the autism group. The absence of influence of categorical knowledge on discrimination suggests an increased autonomy of low-level perceptual processes in autism, in the form of a reduced top-down influence from categories toward discrimination. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-006-0172-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=652 [article] Atypical Categorical Perception in Autism: Autonomy of Discrimination? [texte imprimé] / Isabelle SOULIERES, Auteur ; Laurent MOTTRON, Auteur ; Daniel SAUMIER, Auteur ; Serge LAROCHELLE, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.481-490. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 37-3 (March 2007) . - p.481-490 Mots-clés : Categorization Discrimination Categorical-perception Top-down-processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A diminished top-down influence has been proposed in autism, to account for enhanced performance in low-level perceptual tasks. Applied to perceptual categorization, this hypothesis predicts a diminished influence of category on discrimination. In order to test this hypothesis, we compared categorical perception in 16 individuals with and 16 individuals without high-functioning autism. While participants with and without autism displayed a typical classification curve, there was no facilitation of discrimination near the category boundary in the autism group. The absence of influence of categorical knowledge on discrimination suggests an increased autonomy of low-level perceptual processes in autism, in the form of a reduced top-down influence from categories toward discrimination. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-006-0172-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=652

Brief Report: Is Impaired Classification of Subtle Facial Expressions in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders Related to Atypical Emotion Category Boundaries? / Lydia R. WHITAKER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-8 (August 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-8 (August 2017) . - p.2628-2634 Titre : Brief Report: Is Impaired Classification of Subtle Facial Expressions in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders Related to Atypical Emotion Category Boundaries? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Lydia R. WHITAKER, Auteur ; Andrew SIMPSON, Auteur ; Debi ROBERSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2628-2634 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Facial expression  Autism spectrum disorder  Intensity  Children  Categorization Emotion Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Impairments in recognizing subtle facial expressions, in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), may relate to difficulties in constructing prototypes of these expressions. Eighteen children with predominantly intellectual low-functioning ASD (LFA, IQ <80) and two control groups (mental and chronological age matched), were assessed for their ability to classify emotional faces, of high, medium and low intensities, as happy or angry. For anger, the LFA group made more errors for lower intensity expressions than the control groups, classifications did not differ for happiness. This is the first study to find that the LFA group made more across-valence errors than controls. These data are consistent with atypical facial expression processing in ASD being associated with differences in the structure of emotion categories. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3174-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=315 [article] Brief Report: Is Impaired Classification of Subtle Facial Expressions in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders Related to Atypical Emotion Category Boundaries? [texte imprimé] / Lydia R. WHITAKER, Auteur ; Andrew SIMPSON, Auteur ; Debi ROBERSON, Auteur . - p.2628-2634. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-8 (August 2017) . - p.2628-2634 Mots-clés : Facial expression  Autism spectrum disorder  Intensity  Children  Categorization Emotion Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Impairments in recognizing subtle facial expressions, in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), may relate to difficulties in constructing prototypes of these expressions. Eighteen children with predominantly intellectual low-functioning ASD (LFA, IQ <80) and two control groups (mental and chronological age matched), were assessed for their ability to classify emotional faces, of high, medium and low intensities, as happy or angry. For anger, the LFA group made more errors for lower intensity expressions than the control groups, classifications did not differ for happiness. This is the first study to find that the LFA group made more across-valence errors than controls. These data are consistent with atypical facial expression processing in ASD being associated with differences in the structure of emotion categories. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3174-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=315

Category Formation in Autism: Can Individuals with Autism Form Categories and Prototypes of Dot Patterns? / Holly ZAJAC GASTGEB in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 42-8 (August 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 42-8 (August 2012) . - p.1694-1704 Titre : Category Formation in Autism: Can Individuals with Autism Form Categories and Prototypes of Dot Patterns? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Holly ZAJAC GASTGEB, Auteur ; Eva M. DUNDAS, Auteur ; Nancy J. MINSHEW, Auteur ; Mark S. STRAUSS, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.1694-1704 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Categorization  Prototype  Autism  Cognition  Eye-tracking  Implicit Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is a growing amount of evidence suggesting that individuals with autism have difficulty with categorization. One basic cognitive ability that may underlie this difficulty is the ability to abstract a prototype. The current study examined prototype and category formation with dot patterns in high-functioning adults with autism and matched controls. Individuals with autism were found to have difficulty forming prototypes and categories of dot patterns. The eye-tracking data did not reveal any between group differences in attention to the dot patterns. However, relationships between performance and intelligence in the autism group suggest possible processing differences between the groups. Results are consistent with previous studies that have found deficits in prototype formation and extend these deficits to dot patterns. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-011-1411-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=178 [article] Category Formation in Autism: Can Individuals with Autism Form Categories and Prototypes of Dot Patterns? [texte imprimé] / Holly ZAJAC GASTGEB, Auteur ; Eva M. DUNDAS, Auteur ; Nancy J. MINSHEW, Auteur ; Mark S. STRAUSS, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.1694-1704. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 42-8 (August 2012) . - p.1694-1704 Mots-clés : Categorization  Prototype  Autism  Cognition  Eye-tracking  Implicit Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is a growing amount of evidence suggesting that individuals with autism have difficulty with categorization. One basic cognitive ability that may underlie this difficulty is the ability to abstract a prototype. The current study examined prototype and category formation with dot patterns in high-functioning adults with autism and matched controls. Individuals with autism were found to have difficulty forming prototypes and categories of dot patterns. The eye-tracking data did not reveal any between group differences in attention to the dot patterns. However, relationships between performance and intelligence in the autism group suggest possible processing differences between the groups. Results are consistent with previous studies that have found deficits in prototype formation and extend these deficits to dot patterns. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-011-1411-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=178

Category structure and processing in 6-year-old children with autism / Allison BEAN ELLAWADI in Autism Research, 10-2 (February 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-2 (February 2017) . - p.327-336 Titre : Category structure and processing in 6-year-old children with autism Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Allison BEAN ELLAWADI, Auteur ; Deborah A. FEIN, Auteur ; Letitia R. NAIGLES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.327-336 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  categorization  language development  children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study investigated the categorization abilities of 6-year-old children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) as compared to their peers with typical development (TD) using a category verification task. We examined the impact of stimulus typicality on multiple aspects of real-time performance, including accuracy, reaction time, and performance stability. Both groups were more accurate in identifying typical category members than atypical ones; however, only the ASD group's accuracy was affected by item ordering, indicating less stable performance. Furthermore, category structure was predicted by concurrent language levels in the TD group but by concurrent nonverbal IQ in the ASD group; these latter two findings suggest that children with ASD process categories differently than their peers with TD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1652 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=303 [article] Category structure and processing in 6-year-old children with autism [texte imprimé] / Allison BEAN ELLAWADI, Auteur ; Deborah A. FEIN, Auteur ; Letitia R. NAIGLES, Auteur . - p.327-336. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-2 (February 2017) . - p.327-336 Mots-clés : autism  categorization  language development  children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study investigated the categorization abilities of 6-year-old children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) as compared to their peers with typical development (TD) using a category verification task. We examined the impact of stimulus typicality on multiple aspects of real-time performance, including accuracy, reaction time, and performance stability. Both groups were more accurate in identifying typical category members than atypical ones; however, only the ASD group's accuracy was affected by item ordering, indicating less stable performance. Furthermore, category structure was predicted by concurrent language levels in the TD group but by concurrent nonverbal IQ in the ASD group; these latter two findings suggest that children with ASD process categories differently than their peers with TD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1652 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=303

Exploring the Cognitive Foundations of the Shared Attention Mechanism: Evidence for a Relationship Between Self-Categorization and Shared Attention Across the Autism Spectrum / Daniel P. SKORICH in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-5 (May 2017)  

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A further evaluation of the effects of listener training on derived categorization and speaker behavior in children with autism / Greg P. LEE in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 19 (November 2015)  

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Generalization, overselectivity, and discrimination in the autism phenotype: A review / Samantha M. BROWN in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 6-2 (April-June 2012)  

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Intact prototype formation but impaired generalization in autism / A.H. FROEHLICH in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 6-2 (April-June 2012)  

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Is Social Categorization the Missing Link Between Weak Central Coherence and Mental State Inference Abilities in Autism? Preliminary Evidence from a General Population Sample / Daniel P. SKORICH in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46-3 (March 2016)  

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