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Exploring ‘The autisms’ at a cognitive level / Cathriona CANTIO in Autism Research, 9-12 (December 2016)
[article]
Titre : Exploring ‘The autisms’ at a cognitive level Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Cathriona CANTIO, Auteur ; Jens Richardt MØLLEGAARD JEPSEN, Auteur ; Gitte FALCHER MADSEN, Auteur ; Niels BILENBERG, Auteur ; Sarah J. WHITE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1328-1339 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders cognition theory of mind executive function local bias fractionation symptomatology Behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The autism spectrum is characterized by genetic and behavioral heterogeneity. However, it is still unknown whether there is a universal pattern of cognitive impairment in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and whether multiple cognitive impairments are needed to explain the full range of behavioral symptoms. This study aimed to determine whether three widely acknowledged cognitive abnormalities (Theory of Mind (ToM) impairment, Executive Function (EF) impairment, and the presence of a Local Processing Bias (LB)) are universal and fractionable in autism, and whether the relationship between cognition and behavior is dependent on the method of behavioral assessment. Thirty-one high-functioning children with ASD and thirty-seven children with neurotypical development (NTD), comparable in age, gender and Intelligence Quotient (IQ), completed several tasks tapping into ToM, EF, and LB, and autistic symptomatology was assessed through parental and teacher questionnaires, parental interview and direct observation. We found that ToM and EF deficits differentiated the groups and some ToM and EF tasks were related to each other. ToM and EF were together able to correctly classify more than three-quarters of the children into cases and controls, despite relating to none of the specific behavioral measures. Only a small subgroup of individuals displayed a LB, which was unrelated to ToM and EF, and did not aid diagnostic classification, most likely contributing to non-diagnostic symptoms in a subgroup. Despite the characteristic heterogeneity of the autism spectrum, it remains a possibility therefore that a single cognitive cause may underlie the range of diagnostic symptoms in all individuals with autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1630 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=298
in Autism Research > 9-12 (December 2016) . - p.1328-1339[article] Exploring ‘The autisms’ at a cognitive level [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Cathriona CANTIO, Auteur ; Jens Richardt MØLLEGAARD JEPSEN, Auteur ; Gitte FALCHER MADSEN, Auteur ; Niels BILENBERG, Auteur ; Sarah J. WHITE, Auteur . - p.1328-1339.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 9-12 (December 2016) . - p.1328-1339
Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders cognition theory of mind executive function local bias fractionation symptomatology Behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The autism spectrum is characterized by genetic and behavioral heterogeneity. However, it is still unknown whether there is a universal pattern of cognitive impairment in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and whether multiple cognitive impairments are needed to explain the full range of behavioral symptoms. This study aimed to determine whether three widely acknowledged cognitive abnormalities (Theory of Mind (ToM) impairment, Executive Function (EF) impairment, and the presence of a Local Processing Bias (LB)) are universal and fractionable in autism, and whether the relationship between cognition and behavior is dependent on the method of behavioral assessment. Thirty-one high-functioning children with ASD and thirty-seven children with neurotypical development (NTD), comparable in age, gender and Intelligence Quotient (IQ), completed several tasks tapping into ToM, EF, and LB, and autistic symptomatology was assessed through parental and teacher questionnaires, parental interview and direct observation. We found that ToM and EF deficits differentiated the groups and some ToM and EF tasks were related to each other. ToM and EF were together able to correctly classify more than three-quarters of the children into cases and controls, despite relating to none of the specific behavioral measures. Only a small subgroup of individuals displayed a LB, which was unrelated to ToM and EF, and did not aid diagnostic classification, most likely contributing to non-diagnostic symptoms in a subgroup. Despite the characteristic heterogeneity of the autism spectrum, it remains a possibility therefore that a single cognitive cause may underlie the range of diagnostic symptoms in all individuals with autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1630 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=298
[article]
Titre : The coherence of autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : R. Peter HOBSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.6-16 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism blindness coherence fractionation identification intersubjectivity syndrome; Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is a growing body of opinion that we should view autism as fractionable into different, largely independent sets of clinical features. The alternative view is that autism is a coherent syndrome in which principal features of the disorder stand in intimate developmental relationship with each other. Studies of congenitally blind children offer support for the latter position and suggest that a source of coherence in autism is restriction in certain forms of perceptually dependent social experience. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313497538 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=221
in Autism > 18-1 (January 2014) . - p.6-16[article] The coherence of autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / R. Peter HOBSON, Auteur . - p.6-16.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 18-1 (January 2014) . - p.6-16
Mots-clés : Autism blindness coherence fractionation identification intersubjectivity syndrome; Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is a growing body of opinion that we should view autism as fractionable into different, largely independent sets of clinical features. The alternative view is that autism is a coherent syndrome in which principal features of the disorder stand in intimate developmental relationship with each other. Studies of congenitally blind children offer support for the latter position and suggest that a source of coherence in autism is restriction in certain forms of perceptually dependent social experience. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313497538 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=221