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Neuroinflammatory Gene Expression Alterations in Anterior Cingulate Cortical White and Gray Matter of Males With Autism Spectrum Disorder / Aubrey N. SCIARA in Autism Research, 13-6 (June 2020)
[article]
Titre : Neuroinflammatory Gene Expression Alterations in Anterior Cingulate Cortical White and Gray Matter of Males With Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Aubrey N. SCIARA, Auteur ; Brooke BEASLEY, Auteur ; Jessica D. CRAWFORD, Auteur ; Emma P. ANDERSON, Auteur ; Tiffani CARRASCO, Auteur ; Shimin ZHENG, Auteur ; Gregory A. ORDWAY, Auteur ; Michelle J. CHANDLEY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.870-884 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism cytokines neuroinflammation pathology postmortem white matter Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Evidence for putative pathophysiological mechanisms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), including peripheral inflammation, blood-brain barrier disruption, white matter alterations, and abnormal synaptic overgrowth, indicate a possible involvement of neuroinflammation in the disorder. Neuroinflammation plays a role in the development and maintenance of the dendritic spines involved in glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission, and also influences blood-brain permeability. Cytokines released from microglia can impact the length, location or organization of dendritic spines on excitatory and inhibitory cells as well as recruit and impact glial cell function around the neurons. In this study, gene expression levels of anti- and pro-inflammatory signaling molecules, as well as oligodendrocyte and astrocyte marker proteins, were measured in both gray and white matter tissue in the anterior cingulate cortex from ASD and age-matched typically developing (TD) control brain donors, ranging from ages 4 to 37?years. Expression levels of the pro-inflammatory gene, HLA-DR, were significantly reduced in gray matter and expression levels of the anti-inflammatory gene MRC1 were significantly elevated in white matter from ASD donors as compared to TD donors, but neither retained statistical significance after correction for multiple comparisons. Modest trends toward differences in expression levels were also observed for the pro-inflammatory (CD68, IL1?) and anti-inflammatory genes (IGF1, IGF1R) comparing ASD donors to TD donors. The direction of gene expression changes comparing ASD to TD donors did not reveal consistent findings implicating an elevated pro- or anti-inflammatory state in ASD. However, altered expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory gene expression indicates some involvement of neuroinflammation in ASD. Autism Res 2020, 13: 870-884. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: The anterior cingulate cortex is an integral brain region in modulating social behaviors including nonverbal communication. The study found that inflammatory gene expression levels were altered in this brain region. We hypothesize that the inflammatory changes in this area could impact neuronal function. The finding has future implications in using these molecular markers to identify potential environmental exposures and distinct cell differences in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2284 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=427
in Autism Research > 13-6 (June 2020) . - p.870-884[article] Neuroinflammatory Gene Expression Alterations in Anterior Cingulate Cortical White and Gray Matter of Males With Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Aubrey N. SCIARA, Auteur ; Brooke BEASLEY, Auteur ; Jessica D. CRAWFORD, Auteur ; Emma P. ANDERSON, Auteur ; Tiffani CARRASCO, Auteur ; Shimin ZHENG, Auteur ; Gregory A. ORDWAY, Auteur ; Michelle J. CHANDLEY, Auteur . - p.870-884.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 13-6 (June 2020) . - p.870-884
Mots-clés : autism cytokines neuroinflammation pathology postmortem white matter Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Evidence for putative pathophysiological mechanisms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), including peripheral inflammation, blood-brain barrier disruption, white matter alterations, and abnormal synaptic overgrowth, indicate a possible involvement of neuroinflammation in the disorder. Neuroinflammation plays a role in the development and maintenance of the dendritic spines involved in glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission, and also influences blood-brain permeability. Cytokines released from microglia can impact the length, location or organization of dendritic spines on excitatory and inhibitory cells as well as recruit and impact glial cell function around the neurons. In this study, gene expression levels of anti- and pro-inflammatory signaling molecules, as well as oligodendrocyte and astrocyte marker proteins, were measured in both gray and white matter tissue in the anterior cingulate cortex from ASD and age-matched typically developing (TD) control brain donors, ranging from ages 4 to 37?years. Expression levels of the pro-inflammatory gene, HLA-DR, were significantly reduced in gray matter and expression levels of the anti-inflammatory gene MRC1 were significantly elevated in white matter from ASD donors as compared to TD donors, but neither retained statistical significance after correction for multiple comparisons. Modest trends toward differences in expression levels were also observed for the pro-inflammatory (CD68, IL1?) and anti-inflammatory genes (IGF1, IGF1R) comparing ASD donors to TD donors. The direction of gene expression changes comparing ASD to TD donors did not reveal consistent findings implicating an elevated pro- or anti-inflammatory state in ASD. However, altered expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory gene expression indicates some involvement of neuroinflammation in ASD. Autism Res 2020, 13: 870-884. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: The anterior cingulate cortex is an integral brain region in modulating social behaviors including nonverbal communication. The study found that inflammatory gene expression levels were altered in this brain region. We hypothesize that the inflammatory changes in this area could impact neuronal function. The finding has future implications in using these molecular markers to identify potential environmental exposures and distinct cell differences in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2284 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=427 The nature of trauma memories in acute stress disorder in children and adolescents / Claire H. SALMOND in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52-5 (May 2011)
[article]
Titre : The nature of trauma memories in acute stress disorder in children and adolescents Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Claire H. SALMOND, Auteur ; Richard MEISER-STEDMAN, Auteur ; E. GLUCKSMAN, Auteur ; E. THOMPSON, Auteur ; Tim DALGLEISH, Auteur ; P. SMITH, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.560-570 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Trauma adolescence memory pathology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: There is increasing theoretical, clinical and research evidence for the role of trauma memory in the aetiology of acute pathological stress responses in adults. However, research into the phenomenology of trauma memories in young people is currently scarce.
Methods: This study compared the nature of trauma narratives to narratives of unpleasant non-traumatic events in young people (aged 8–17) who sought emergency medical attention following an assault or road traffic accident. Data were collected within 2–4 weeks of the index event. Symptom severity was assessed by child self-report and face-to-face diagnostic interviews. Comparisons of narrative indices were made between those children with acute stress disorder (ASD) and those without ASD.
Results: Among participants (n = 50), those with ASD (38%) had significantly elevated levels of disorganisation in their trauma narrative, compared both to trauma-exposed controls and to their unpleasant comparative narrative. This effect was not accounted for by age. Regardless of ASD diagnostic status, trauma narratives had significantly higher sensory content and significantly lower positive emotion content compared to the unpleasant comparative narrative. These effects were not significant when age was included as a covariate. Acute symptom severity was significantly predicted by the level of disorganisation in the trauma narrative and the child’s cognitive appraisals of the event.
Conclusions: These data provide the first empirical evidence that disorganisation is not only directly linked to symptom severity, but also specific to the trauma memory. In addition, it provides support for the adaptation of adult cognitive models to acute pathological stress reactions in children and adolescents.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02340.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=121
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-5 (May 2011) . - p.560-570[article] The nature of trauma memories in acute stress disorder in children and adolescents [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Claire H. SALMOND, Auteur ; Richard MEISER-STEDMAN, Auteur ; E. GLUCKSMAN, Auteur ; E. THOMPSON, Auteur ; Tim DALGLEISH, Auteur ; P. SMITH, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.560-570.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-5 (May 2011) . - p.560-570
Mots-clés : Trauma adolescence memory pathology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: There is increasing theoretical, clinical and research evidence for the role of trauma memory in the aetiology of acute pathological stress responses in adults. However, research into the phenomenology of trauma memories in young people is currently scarce.
Methods: This study compared the nature of trauma narratives to narratives of unpleasant non-traumatic events in young people (aged 8–17) who sought emergency medical attention following an assault or road traffic accident. Data were collected within 2–4 weeks of the index event. Symptom severity was assessed by child self-report and face-to-face diagnostic interviews. Comparisons of narrative indices were made between those children with acute stress disorder (ASD) and those without ASD.
Results: Among participants (n = 50), those with ASD (38%) had significantly elevated levels of disorganisation in their trauma narrative, compared both to trauma-exposed controls and to their unpleasant comparative narrative. This effect was not accounted for by age. Regardless of ASD diagnostic status, trauma narratives had significantly higher sensory content and significantly lower positive emotion content compared to the unpleasant comparative narrative. These effects were not significant when age was included as a covariate. Acute symptom severity was significantly predicted by the level of disorganisation in the trauma narrative and the child’s cognitive appraisals of the event.
Conclusions: These data provide the first empirical evidence that disorganisation is not only directly linked to symptom severity, but also specific to the trauma memory. In addition, it provides support for the adaptation of adult cognitive models to acute pathological stress reactions in children and adolescents.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02340.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=121