From alcohol initiation to tolerance to problems: Discordant twin modeling of a developmental process / Arielle R. DEUTSCH in Development and Psychopathology, 29-3 (August 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 29-3 (August 2017) . - p.845-861 Titre : From alcohol initiation to tolerance to problems: Discordant twin modeling of a developmental process Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Arielle R. DEUTSCH, Auteur ; Wendy S. SLUTSKE, Auteur ; Michael T. LYNSKEY, Auteur ; Kathleen K. BUCHOLZ, Auteur ; Pamela A. F. MADDEN, Auteur ; Andrew C. HEATH, Auteur ; Nicholas G. MARTIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.845-861 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract The current study examined a stage-based alcohol use trajectory model to test for potential causal effects of earlier drinking milestones on later drinking milestones in a combined sample of two cohorts of Australian monozygotic and same-sex dizygotic twins (N = 7,398, age M = 30.46, SD = 2.61, 61% male, 56% monozygotic twins). Ages of drinking, drunkenness, regular drinking, tolerance, first nontolerance alcohol use disorder symptom, and alcohol use disorder symptom onsets were assessed retrospectively. Ages of milestone attainment (i.e., age-of-onset) and time between milestones (i.e., time-to-event) were examined via frailty models within a multilevel discordant twin design. For age-of-onset models, earlier ages of onset of antecedent drinking milestones increased hazards for earlier ages of onset for more proximal subsequent drinking milestones. For the time-to-event models, however, earlier ages of onset for the “starting” milestone decreased risk for a shorter time period between the starting and the “ending” milestone. Earlier age of onset of intermediate milestones between starting and ending drinking milestones had the opposite effect, increasing risk for a shorter time period between the starting and ending milestones. These results are consistent with a causal effect of an earlier age of drinking milestone onset on temporally proximal subsequent drinking milestones. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579416000523 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=311 [article] From alcohol initiation to tolerance to problems: Discordant twin modeling of a developmental process [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Arielle R. DEUTSCH, Auteur ; Wendy S. SLUTSKE, Auteur ; Michael T. LYNSKEY, Auteur ; Kathleen K. BUCHOLZ, Auteur ; Pamela A. F. MADDEN, Auteur ; Andrew C. HEATH, Auteur ; Nicholas G. MARTIN, Auteur . - p.845-861. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 29-3 (August 2017) . - p.845-861 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract The current study examined a stage-based alcohol use trajectory model to test for potential causal effects of earlier drinking milestones on later drinking milestones in a combined sample of two cohorts of Australian monozygotic and same-sex dizygotic twins (N = 7,398, age M = 30.46, SD = 2.61, 61% male, 56% monozygotic twins). Ages of drinking, drunkenness, regular drinking, tolerance, first nontolerance alcohol use disorder symptom, and alcohol use disorder symptom onsets were assessed retrospectively. Ages of milestone attainment (i.e., age-of-onset) and time between milestones (i.e., time-to-event) were examined via frailty models within a multilevel discordant twin design. For age-of-onset models, earlier ages of onset of antecedent drinking milestones increased hazards for earlier ages of onset for more proximal subsequent drinking milestones. For the time-to-event models, however, earlier ages of onset for the “starting” milestone decreased risk for a shorter time period between the starting and the “ending” milestone. Earlier age of onset of intermediate milestones between starting and ending drinking milestones had the opposite effect, increasing risk for a shorter time period between the starting and ending milestones. These results are consistent with a causal effect of an earlier age of drinking milestone onset on temporally proximal subsequent drinking milestones. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579416000523 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=311

Genetic and environmental influences on extreme personality dispositions in adolescent female twins / Michele L. PERGADIA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47-9 (September 2006)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-9 (September 2006) . - p.902–909 Titre : Genetic and environmental influences on extreme personality dispositions in adolescent female twins Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Michele L. PERGADIA, Auteur ; Pamela A.F. MADDEN, Auteur ; Christina N. LESSOV, Auteur ; Alexandre A. TODOROV, Auteur ; Kathleen K. BUCHOLZ, Auteur ; Nicholas G. MARTIN, Auteur ; Andrew C. HEATH, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p.902–909 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Personality genetic-analyses twin-studies internalizing externalizing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The objective was to determine whether the pattern of environmental and genetic influences on deviant personality scores differs from that observed for the normative range of personality, comparing results in adolescent and adult female twins. Methods: A sample of 2,796 female adolescent twins ascertained from birth records provided Junior Eysenck Personality Questionnaire data. The average age of the sample was 17.0 years (S.D. 2.3). Genetic analyses of continuous and extreme personality scores were conducted. Results were compared for 3,178 adult female twins. Results: Genetic analysis of continuous traits in adolescent female twins were similar to findings in adult female twins, with genetic influences accounting for between 37% and 44% of the variance in Extraversion (Ex), Neuroticism (N), and Social Non-Conformity (SNC), with significant evidence of shared environmental influences (19%) found only for SNC in the adult female twins. Analyses of extreme personality characteristics, defined categorically, in the adolescent data and replicated in the adult female data, yielded estimates for high N and high SNC that deviated substantially (p < .05) from those obtained in the continuous trait analyses, and provided suggestive evidence that shared family environment may play a more important role in determining personality deviance than has been previously found when personality is viewed continuously. However, multiple-threshold models that assumed the same genetic and environmental determinants of both normative range variation and extreme scores gave acceptable fits for each personality dimension. Conclusions: The hypothesis of differences in genetic or environmental factors responsible for N and SNC among female twins with scores in the extreme versus normative ranges was partially supported, but not for Ex. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01568.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=776 [article] Genetic and environmental influences on extreme personality dispositions in adolescent female twins [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Michele L. PERGADIA, Auteur ; Pamela A.F. MADDEN, Auteur ; Christina N. LESSOV, Auteur ; Alexandre A. TODOROV, Auteur ; Kathleen K. BUCHOLZ, Auteur ; Nicholas G. MARTIN, Auteur ; Andrew C. HEATH, Auteur . - 2006 . - p.902–909. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-9 (September 2006) . - p.902–909 Mots-clés : Personality genetic-analyses twin-studies internalizing externalizing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The objective was to determine whether the pattern of environmental and genetic influences on deviant personality scores differs from that observed for the normative range of personality, comparing results in adolescent and adult female twins. Methods: A sample of 2,796 female adolescent twins ascertained from birth records provided Junior Eysenck Personality Questionnaire data. The average age of the sample was 17.0 years (S.D. 2.3). Genetic analyses of continuous and extreme personality scores were conducted. Results were compared for 3,178 adult female twins. Results: Genetic analysis of continuous traits in adolescent female twins were similar to findings in adult female twins, with genetic influences accounting for between 37% and 44% of the variance in Extraversion (Ex), Neuroticism (N), and Social Non-Conformity (SNC), with significant evidence of shared environmental influences (19%) found only for SNC in the adult female twins. Analyses of extreme personality characteristics, defined categorically, in the adolescent data and replicated in the adult female data, yielded estimates for high N and high SNC that deviated substantially (p < .05) from those obtained in the continuous trait analyses, and provided suggestive evidence that shared family environment may play a more important role in determining personality deviance than has been previously found when personality is viewed continuously. However, multiple-threshold models that assumed the same genetic and environmental determinants of both normative range variation and extreme scores gave acceptable fits for each personality dimension. Conclusions: The hypothesis of differences in genetic or environmental factors responsible for N and SNC among female twins with scores in the extreme versus normative ranges was partially supported, but not for Ex. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01568.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=776

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