A cascade model connecting life stress to risk behavior among rural African American emerging adults / Gene H. BRODY in Development and Psychopathology, 22-3 (August 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 22-3 (August 2010) . - p.667-678 Titre : A cascade model connecting life stress to risk behavior among rural African American emerging adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Gene H. BRODY, Auteur ; Yi-Fu CHEN, Auteur ; Steven M. KOGAN, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.667-678 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A three-wave cascade model linking life stress to increases in risk behavior was tested with 347 African American emerging adults living in the rural South. Data analyses using structural equation modeling and latent growth curve modeling demonstrated that life stress was linked to increases in risk behavior as African Americans transitioned out of secondary school. The cascade model indicated that life stress fostered increases in negative emotions. Negative emotions, in turn, were linked to increases in affiliations with deviant peers and romantic partners; this forecast increases in risk behavior. The findings supported a stress proliferation framework, in which primary stressors affect increases in secondary stressors that carry forward to influence changes in risk behaviors that can potentially compromise mental health. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579410000350 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=108 [article] A cascade model connecting life stress to risk behavior among rural African American emerging adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Gene H. BRODY, Auteur ; Yi-Fu CHEN, Auteur ; Steven M. KOGAN, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.667-678. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 22-3 (August 2010) . - p.667-678 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A three-wave cascade model linking life stress to increases in risk behavior was tested with 347 African American emerging adults living in the rural South. Data analyses using structural equation modeling and latent growth curve modeling demonstrated that life stress was linked to increases in risk behavior as African Americans transitioned out of secondary school. The cascade model indicated that life stress fostered increases in negative emotions. Negative emotions, in turn, were linked to increases in affiliations with deviant peers and romantic partners; this forecast increases in risk behavior. The findings supported a stress proliferation framework, in which primary stressors affect increases in secondary stressors that carry forward to influence changes in risk behaviors that can potentially compromise mental health. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579410000350 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=108

Differential susceptibility to prevention: GABAergic, dopaminergic, and multilocus effects / Gene H. BRODY in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-8 (August 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-8 (August 2013) . - p.863-871 Titre : Differential susceptibility to prevention: GABAergic, dopaminergic, and multilocus effects Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Gene H. BRODY, Auteur ; Yi-Fu CHEN, Auteur ; Steven R. H. BEACH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.863-871 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Alcohol use  African American  genetics  prevention  risk Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Randomized prevention trials provide a unique opportunity to test hypotheses about the interaction of genetic predispositions with contextual processes to create variations in phenotypes over time. Methods: Using two longitudinal, randomized prevention trials, molecular genetic and alcohol use outcome data were gathered from more than 900 youths to determine whether prevention program participation would, across 2 years, moderate genetic risk for increased alcohol use conferred by the dopaminergic and GABAergic systems. Results: We found that (a) variance in dopaminergic (DRD2, DRD4, ANKK1) and GABAergic (GABRG1, GABRA2) genes forecast increases in alcohol use across 2 years, and (b) youths at genetic risk who were assigned to the control condition displayed greater increases in alcohol use across 2 years than did youths at genetic risk who were assigned to the prevention condition or youths without genetic risk who were assigned to either condition. Conclusions: This study is unique in combining data from two large prevention trials to test hypotheses regarding genetic main effects and gene × prevention interactions. Focusing on gene systems purported to confer risk for alcohol use and abuse, the study demonstrated that participation in efficacious prevention programs can moderate genetic risk. The results also support the differential susceptibility hypothesis that some youths, for genetic reasons, are more susceptible than others to both positive and negative contextual influences. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12042 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=210 [article] Differential susceptibility to prevention: GABAergic, dopaminergic, and multilocus effects [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Gene H. BRODY, Auteur ; Yi-Fu CHEN, Auteur ; Steven R. H. BEACH, Auteur . - p.863-871. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-8 (August 2013) . - p.863-871 Mots-clés : Alcohol use  African American  genetics  prevention  risk Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Randomized prevention trials provide a unique opportunity to test hypotheses about the interaction of genetic predispositions with contextual processes to create variations in phenotypes over time. Methods: Using two longitudinal, randomized prevention trials, molecular genetic and alcohol use outcome data were gathered from more than 900 youths to determine whether prevention program participation would, across 2 years, moderate genetic risk for increased alcohol use conferred by the dopaminergic and GABAergic systems. Results: We found that (a) variance in dopaminergic (DRD2, DRD4, ANKK1) and GABAergic (GABRG1, GABRA2) genes forecast increases in alcohol use across 2 years, and (b) youths at genetic risk who were assigned to the control condition displayed greater increases in alcohol use across 2 years than did youths at genetic risk who were assigned to the prevention condition or youths without genetic risk who were assigned to either condition. Conclusions: This study is unique in combining data from two large prevention trials to test hypotheses regarding genetic main effects and gene × prevention interactions. Focusing on gene systems purported to confer risk for alcohol use and abuse, the study demonstrated that participation in efficacious prevention programs can moderate genetic risk. The results also support the differential susceptibility hypothesis that some youths, for genetic reasons, are more susceptible than others to both positive and negative contextual influences. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12042 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=210

Life stress, the dopamine receptor gene, and emerging adult drug use trajectories: A longitudinal, multilevel, mediated moderation analysis / Gene H. BRODY in Development and Psychopathology, 24-3 (August 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 24-3 (August 2012) . - p.941-51 Titre : Life stress, the dopamine receptor gene, and emerging adult drug use trajectories: A longitudinal, multilevel, mediated moderation analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Gene H. BRODY, Auteur ; Yi-Fu CHEN, Auteur ; Tianyi YU, Auteur ; Steven R. H. BEACH, Auteur ; Steven M. KOGAN, Auteur ; Ronald L. SIMONS, Auteur ; Michael WINDLE, Auteur ; Robert A. PHILIBERT, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.941-51 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study was designed to examine the prospective relations of life stress and genetic status with increases in drug use. African Americans (N = 399) in rural Georgia (Wave 1 mean age = 17 years) provided three waves of data across 27.5 months and a saliva sample from which the dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) gene was genotyped. Multilevel growth curve modeling analysis indicated that emerging adults manifested the highest escalations in drug use when they reported high life stress and carried an allele of DRD4 with 7 or more repeats (7 + R allele). In addition, emerging adults who reported high life stress and carried the 7 + R allele evinced the largest increases in two proximal risk factors for drug use: affiliations with drug-using companions and drug use vulnerability cognitions. Furthermore, when the Gene × Environment interaction effects on the increases in affiliations with drug-using companions and vulnerability cognitions were entered into the model forecasting drug use, the Life Stress × DRD4 Status interaction on drug use became nonsignificant in the presence of the risk mechanisms. This finding provides an example of “second generation” Gene × Environment interaction research in which the interaction's effects on proximal risk mechanisms account for its effects on outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579412000466 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=178 [article] Life stress, the dopamine receptor gene, and emerging adult drug use trajectories: A longitudinal, multilevel, mediated moderation analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Gene H. BRODY, Auteur ; Yi-Fu CHEN, Auteur ; Tianyi YU, Auteur ; Steven R. H. BEACH, Auteur ; Steven M. KOGAN, Auteur ; Ronald L. SIMONS, Auteur ; Michael WINDLE, Auteur ; Robert A. PHILIBERT, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.941-51. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 24-3 (August 2012) . - p.941-51 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study was designed to examine the prospective relations of life stress and genetic status with increases in drug use. African Americans (N = 399) in rural Georgia (Wave 1 mean age = 17 years) provided three waves of data across 27.5 months and a saliva sample from which the dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) gene was genotyped. Multilevel growth curve modeling analysis indicated that emerging adults manifested the highest escalations in drug use when they reported high life stress and carried an allele of DRD4 with 7 or more repeats (7 + R allele). In addition, emerging adults who reported high life stress and carried the 7 + R allele evinced the largest increases in two proximal risk factors for drug use: affiliations with drug-using companions and drug use vulnerability cognitions. Furthermore, when the Gene × Environment interaction effects on the increases in affiliations with drug-using companions and vulnerability cognitions were entered into the model forecasting drug use, the Life Stress × DRD4 Status interaction on drug use became nonsignificant in the presence of the risk mechanisms. This finding provides an example of “second generation” Gene × Environment interaction research in which the interaction's effects on proximal risk mechanisms account for its effects on outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579412000466 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=178

Neighborhood × Serotonin Transporter Linked Polymorphic Region (5-HTTLPR) interactions for substance use from ages 10 to 24 years using a harmonized data set of African American children / Michael WINDLE in Development and Psychopathology, 28-2 (May 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 28-2 (May 2016) . - p.415-431 Titre : Neighborhood × Serotonin Transporter Linked Polymorphic Region (5-HTTLPR) interactions for substance use from ages 10 to 24 years using a harmonized data set of African American children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Michael WINDLE, Auteur ; Steven M. KOGAN, Auteur ; Sunbok LEE, Auteur ; Yi-Fu CHEN, Auteur ; Karlo Mankit LEI, Auteur ; Gene H. BRODY, Auteur ; Steven R. H. BEACH, Auteur ; Tianyi YU, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.415-431 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study investigated the influences of neighborhood factors (residential stability and neighborhood disadvantage) and variants of the serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) genotype on the development of substance use among African American children aged 10–24 years. To accomplish this, a harmonized data set of five longitudinal studies was created via pooling overlapping age cohorts to establish a database with 2,689 children and 12,474 data points to span ages 10–24 years. A description of steps used in the development of the harmonized data set is provided, including how issues such as the measurement equivalence of constructs were addressed. A sequence of multilevel models was specified to evaluate Gene × Environment effects on growth of substance use across time. Findings indicated that residential instability was associated with higher levels and a steeper gradient of growth in substance use across time. The inclusion of the 5-HTTLPR genotype provided greater precision to the relationships in that higher residential instability, in conjunction with the risk variant of 5-HTTLPR (i.e., the short allele), was associated with the highest level and steepest gradient of growth in substance use across ages 10–24 years. The findings demonstrated how the creation of a harmonized data set increased statistical power to test Gene × Environment interactions for an under studied sample. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S095457941500053X Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=288 [article] Neighborhood × Serotonin Transporter Linked Polymorphic Region (5-HTTLPR) interactions for substance use from ages 10 to 24 years using a harmonized data set of African American children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Michael WINDLE, Auteur ; Steven M. KOGAN, Auteur ; Sunbok LEE, Auteur ; Yi-Fu CHEN, Auteur ; Karlo Mankit LEI, Auteur ; Gene H. BRODY, Auteur ; Steven R. H. BEACH, Auteur ; Tianyi YU, Auteur . - p.415-431. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 28-2 (May 2016) . - p.415-431 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study investigated the influences of neighborhood factors (residential stability and neighborhood disadvantage) and variants of the serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) genotype on the development of substance use among African American children aged 10–24 years. To accomplish this, a harmonized data set of five longitudinal studies was created via pooling overlapping age cohorts to establish a database with 2,689 children and 12,474 data points to span ages 10–24 years. A description of steps used in the development of the harmonized data set is provided, including how issues such as the measurement equivalence of constructs were addressed. A sequence of multilevel models was specified to evaluate Gene × Environment effects on growth of substance use across time. Findings indicated that residential instability was associated with higher levels and a steeper gradient of growth in substance use across time. The inclusion of the 5-HTTLPR genotype provided greater precision to the relationships in that higher residential instability, in conjunction with the risk variant of 5-HTTLPR (i.e., the short allele), was associated with the highest level and steepest gradient of growth in substance use across ages 10–24 years. The findings demonstrated how the creation of a harmonized data set increased statistical power to test Gene × Environment interactions for an under studied sample. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S095457941500053X Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=288

Perceived discrimination, serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region status, and the development of conduct problems / Gene H. BRODY in Development and Psychopathology, 23-2 (May 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 23-2 (May 2011) . - p.617-627 Titre : Perceived discrimination, serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region status, and the development of conduct problems Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Gene H. BRODY, Auteur ; Steven R. H. BEACH, Auteur ; Yi-Fu CHEN, Auteur ; Ezemenari OBASI, Auteur ; Robert A. PHILIBERT, Auteur ; Steven M. KOGAN, Auteur ; Ronald L. SIMONS, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.617-627 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study examined the prospective relations of adolescents' perceptions of discrimination and their genetic status with increases in conduct problems. Participants were 461 African American youths residing in rural Georgia (Wave 1 mean age = 15.5 years) who provided three waves of data and a saliva sample from which a polymorphism in the SCL6A4 (serotonin transporter [5-HTT]) gene polymorphism known as the 5-HTT linked promoter region (5-HTTLPR) was genotyped. Data analyses using growth curve modeling indicated that perceived discrimination was significantly related to the slope of conduct problems. As hypothesized, interactions between perceived discrimination and genetic status emerged for male but not female youths. Compared with those carrying two copies of the long allele variant of 5-HTTLPR, male youths carrying one or two copies of its short allele variant evinced higher rates of conduct problems over time when they perceived high levels of racial discrimination. These findings are consistent with resilience and differential susceptibility propositions stating that genes can both foster sensitivity to adverse events and confer protection from those events. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579411000046 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=121 [article] Perceived discrimination, serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region status, and the development of conduct problems [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Gene H. BRODY, Auteur ; Steven R. H. BEACH, Auteur ; Yi-Fu CHEN, Auteur ; Ezemenari OBASI, Auteur ; Robert A. PHILIBERT, Auteur ; Steven M. KOGAN, Auteur ; Ronald L. SIMONS, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.617-627. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 23-2 (May 2011) . - p.617-627 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study examined the prospective relations of adolescents' perceptions of discrimination and their genetic status with increases in conduct problems. Participants were 461 African American youths residing in rural Georgia (Wave 1 mean age = 15.5 years) who provided three waves of data and a saliva sample from which a polymorphism in the SCL6A4 (serotonin transporter [5-HTT]) gene polymorphism known as the 5-HTT linked promoter region (5-HTTLPR) was genotyped. Data analyses using growth curve modeling indicated that perceived discrimination was significantly related to the slope of conduct problems. As hypothesized, interactions between perceived discrimination and genetic status emerged for male but not female youths. Compared with those carrying two copies of the long allele variant of 5-HTTLPR, male youths carrying one or two copies of its short allele variant evinced higher rates of conduct problems over time when they perceived high levels of racial discrimination. These findings are consistent with resilience and differential susceptibility propositions stating that genes can both foster sensitivity to adverse events and confer protection from those events. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579411000046 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=121

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