Annotation: Neurofeedback – train your brain to train behaviour / Hartmut HEINRICH in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-1 (January 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-1 (January 2007) . - p.3–16 Titre : Annotation: Neurofeedback – train your brain to train behaviour Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Hartmut HEINRICH, Auteur ; Holger GEVENSLEBEN, Auteur ; Ute STREHL, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.3–16 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Neurofeedback electroencephalogram-(EEG) frequency-bands slow-cortical-potentials-(SCPs) attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-(ADHD) epilepsy self-regulation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Neurofeedback (NF) is a form of behavioural training aimed at developing skills for self-regulation of brain activity. Within the past decade, several NF studies have been published that tend to overcome the methodological shortcomings of earlier studies. This annotation describes the methodical basis of NF and reviews the evidence base for its clinical efficacy and effectiveness in neuropsychiatric disorders. Methods: In NF training, self-regulation of specific aspects of electrical brain activity is acquired by means of immediate feedback and positive reinforcement. In frequency training, activity in different EEG frequency bands has to be decreased or increased. Training of slow cortical potentials (SCPs) addresses the regulation of cortical excitability. Results: NF studies revealed paradigm-specific effects on, e.g., attention and memory processes and performance improvements in real-life conditions, in healthy subjects as well as in patients. In several studies it was shown that children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) improved behavioural and cognitive variables after frequency (e.g., theta/beta) training or SCP training. Neurophysiological effects could also be measured. However, specific and unspecific training effects could not be disentangled in these studies. For drug-resistant patients with epilepsy, significant and long-lasting decreases of seizure frequency and intensity through SCP training were documented in a series of studies. For other child psychiatric disorders (e.g., tic disorders, anxiety, and autism) only preliminary investigations are available. Conclusions: There is growing evidence for NF as a valuable treatment module in neuropsychiatric disorders. Further, controlled studies are necessary to establish clinical efficacy and effectiveness and to learn more about the mechanisms underlying successful training. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01665.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=925 [article] Annotation: Neurofeedback – train your brain to train behaviour [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Hartmut HEINRICH, Auteur ; Holger GEVENSLEBEN, Auteur ; Ute STREHL, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.3–16. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-1 (January 2007) . - p.3–16 Mots-clés : Neurofeedback electroencephalogram-(EEG) frequency-bands slow-cortical-potentials-(SCPs) attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-(ADHD) epilepsy self-regulation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Neurofeedback (NF) is a form of behavioural training aimed at developing skills for self-regulation of brain activity. Within the past decade, several NF studies have been published that tend to overcome the methodological shortcomings of earlier studies. This annotation describes the methodical basis of NF and reviews the evidence base for its clinical efficacy and effectiveness in neuropsychiatric disorders. Methods: In NF training, self-regulation of specific aspects of electrical brain activity is acquired by means of immediate feedback and positive reinforcement. In frequency training, activity in different EEG frequency bands has to be decreased or increased. Training of slow cortical potentials (SCPs) addresses the regulation of cortical excitability. Results: NF studies revealed paradigm-specific effects on, e.g., attention and memory processes and performance improvements in real-life conditions, in healthy subjects as well as in patients. In several studies it was shown that children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) improved behavioural and cognitive variables after frequency (e.g., theta/beta) training or SCP training. Neurophysiological effects could also be measured. However, specific and unspecific training effects could not be disentangled in these studies. For drug-resistant patients with epilepsy, significant and long-lasting decreases of seizure frequency and intensity through SCP training were documented in a series of studies. For other child psychiatric disorders (e.g., tic disorders, anxiety, and autism) only preliminary investigations are available. Conclusions: There is growing evidence for NF as a valuable treatment module in neuropsychiatric disorders. Further, controlled studies are necessary to establish clinical efficacy and effectiveness and to learn more about the mechanisms underlying successful training. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01665.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=925

Associations of prenatal depressive symptoms with DNA methylation of HPA axis-related genes and diurnal cortisol profiles in primary school-aged children / Valeska STONAWSKI in Development and Psychopathology, 31-2 (May 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 31-2 (May 2019) . - p.419-431 Titre : Associations of prenatal depressive symptoms with DNA methylation of HPA axis-related genes and diurnal cortisol profiles in primary school-aged children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Valeska STONAWSKI, Auteur ; Stefan FREY, Auteur ; Yulia GOLUB, Auteur ; Nicolas ROHLEDER, Auteur ; Jennifer KRIEBEL, Auteur ; Tamme W. GOECKE, Auteur ; Peter A. FASCHING, Auteur ; Matthias W. BECKMANN, Auteur ; Johannes KORNHUBER, Auteur ; Oliver KRATZ, Auteur ; Gunther H. MOLL, Auteur ; Hartmut HEINRICH, Auteur ; Anna EICHLER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.419-431 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : cortisol DNA methylation epigenetics pregnancy prenatal depression Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Epigenetic DNA modifications in genes related to the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis are discussed as a mechanism underlying the association between prenatal depression and altered child HPA activity. In a longitudinal study, DNA methylation changes related to prenatal depressive symptoms were investigated in 167 children aged 6 to 9 years. At six candidate genes, 126 cytosine–guanine dinucleotides were considered without correcting for multiple testing due to the exploratory nature of the study. Further associations with the basal child HPA activity were examined. Children exposed to prenatal depressive symptoms exhibited lower bedtime cortisol (p = .003, ?p2 = 0.07) and a steeper diurnal slope (p = .023, ?p2 = 0.06). For total cortisol release, prenatal exposure was related to lower cortisol release in boys, and higher release in girls. Furthermore, prenatal depressive symptoms were associated with altered methylation in the glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1), the mineralocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C2), and the serotonin receptor gene (SLC6A4), with some sex-specific effects (p = .012–.040, ?p2 = 0.03–0.04). In boys, prenatal depressive symptoms predicted bedtime cortisol mediated by NR3C2 methylation, indirect effect = –0.07, 95% confidence interval [–0.16, –0.02]. Results indicate relations of prenatal depressive symptoms to both child basal HPA activity and DNA methylation, partially fitting a mediation model, with exposed boys and girls being affected differently. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579418000056 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=393 [article] Associations of prenatal depressive symptoms with DNA methylation of HPA axis-related genes and diurnal cortisol profiles in primary school-aged children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Valeska STONAWSKI, Auteur ; Stefan FREY, Auteur ; Yulia GOLUB, Auteur ; Nicolas ROHLEDER, Auteur ; Jennifer KRIEBEL, Auteur ; Tamme W. GOECKE, Auteur ; Peter A. FASCHING, Auteur ; Matthias W. BECKMANN, Auteur ; Johannes KORNHUBER, Auteur ; Oliver KRATZ, Auteur ; Gunther H. MOLL, Auteur ; Hartmut HEINRICH, Auteur ; Anna EICHLER, Auteur . - p.419-431. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 31-2 (May 2019) . - p.419-431 Mots-clés : cortisol DNA methylation epigenetics pregnancy prenatal depression Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Epigenetic DNA modifications in genes related to the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis are discussed as a mechanism underlying the association between prenatal depression and altered child HPA activity. In a longitudinal study, DNA methylation changes related to prenatal depressive symptoms were investigated in 167 children aged 6 to 9 years. At six candidate genes, 126 cytosine–guanine dinucleotides were considered without correcting for multiple testing due to the exploratory nature of the study. Further associations with the basal child HPA activity were examined. Children exposed to prenatal depressive symptoms exhibited lower bedtime cortisol (p = .003, ?p2 = 0.07) and a steeper diurnal slope (p = .023, ?p2 = 0.06). For total cortisol release, prenatal exposure was related to lower cortisol release in boys, and higher release in girls. Furthermore, prenatal depressive symptoms were associated with altered methylation in the glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1), the mineralocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C2), and the serotonin receptor gene (SLC6A4), with some sex-specific effects (p = .012–.040, ?p2 = 0.03–0.04). In boys, prenatal depressive symptoms predicted bedtime cortisol mediated by NR3C2 methylation, indirect effect = –0.07, 95% confidence interval [–0.16, –0.02]. Results indicate relations of prenatal depressive symptoms to both child basal HPA activity and DNA methylation, partially fitting a mediation model, with exposed boys and girls being affected differently. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579418000056 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=393

Editorial Perspective: How should child psychologists and psychiatrists interpret FDA device approval? Caveat emptor / Martijn ARNS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-5 (May 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-5 (May 2016) . - p.656-658 Titre : Editorial Perspective: How should child psychologists and psychiatrists interpret FDA device approval? Caveat emptor Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Martijn ARNS, Auteur ; Sandra K. LOO, Auteur ; M. Barry STERMAN, Auteur ; Hartmut HEINRICH, Auteur ; Jonna KUNTSI, Auteur ; Philip ASHERSON, Auteur ; Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; Daniel BRANDEIS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.656-658 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  electroencephalogram  Electroencephalogram-Based Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Assessment Aid  theta-to-beta ratio  Federal Drug Administration  diagnostic test Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recently several new tests have received US Federal Drug Administration (FDA) marketing approval as aids in the diagnostic process for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), including the Neuropsychiatric electroencephalogram (EEG)-Based ADHD Assessment Aid (NEBA) Health test. The NEBA test relies upon an EEG-based measure, called the theta to beta ratio (TBR). Although this measure has yielded large differences between ADHD and non-ADHD groups in studies prior to 2009, recent studies and a meta-analysis could not replicate these findings. In this article, we have used the NEBA device as an exemplar for a discussion that distinguishes between FDA de novo marketing approval for a device and any claims that that device is empirically supported, scientifically validated with replicated findings. It is understood that the aims of each differ; however, for many, including the lay public as well as some mental health professionals, these terms may be confused and treated as though they are synonymous. With regard to the TBR measure, there is no reliable association or replication for its clinical usage in the ADHD diagnostic process. The recommendation for potential consumers of the NEBA Health test (as well as perhaps for other existing FDA-approved diagnostic tests) is caveat emptor (let the buyer beware!). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12524 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=288 [article] Editorial Perspective: How should child psychologists and psychiatrists interpret FDA device approval? Caveat emptor [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Martijn ARNS, Auteur ; Sandra K. LOO, Auteur ; M. Barry STERMAN, Auteur ; Hartmut HEINRICH, Auteur ; Jonna KUNTSI, Auteur ; Philip ASHERSON, Auteur ; Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; Daniel BRANDEIS, Auteur . - p.656-658. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-5 (May 2016) . - p.656-658 Mots-clés : Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  electroencephalogram  Electroencephalogram-Based Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Assessment Aid  theta-to-beta ratio  Federal Drug Administration  diagnostic test Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recently several new tests have received US Federal Drug Administration (FDA) marketing approval as aids in the diagnostic process for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), including the Neuropsychiatric electroencephalogram (EEG)-Based ADHD Assessment Aid (NEBA) Health test. The NEBA test relies upon an EEG-based measure, called the theta to beta ratio (TBR). Although this measure has yielded large differences between ADHD and non-ADHD groups in studies prior to 2009, recent studies and a meta-analysis could not replicate these findings. In this article, we have used the NEBA device as an exemplar for a discussion that distinguishes between FDA de novo marketing approval for a device and any claims that that device is empirically supported, scientifically validated with replicated findings. It is understood that the aims of each differ; however, for many, including the lay public as well as some mental health professionals, these terms may be confused and treated as though they are synonymous. With regard to the TBR measure, there is no reliable association or replication for its clinical usage in the ADHD diagnostic process. The recommendation for potential consumers of the NEBA Health test (as well as perhaps for other existing FDA-approved diagnostic tests) is caveat emptor (let the buyer beware!). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12524 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=288

Effects of prenatal alcohol consumption on cognitive development and ADHD?related behaviour in primary?school age: a multilevel study based on meconium ethyl glucuronide / Anna EICHLER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 59-2 (February 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 59-2 (February 2018) . - p.110-118 Titre : Effects of prenatal alcohol consumption on cognitive development and ADHD?related behaviour in primary?school age: a multilevel study based on meconium ethyl glucuronide Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Anna EICHLER, Auteur ; Linda HUDLER, Auteur ; Juliane GRUNITZ, Auteur ; Jennifer GRIMM, Auteur ; Eva RAABE, Auteur ; Tamme W. GOECKE, Auteur ; Peter A. FASCHING, Auteur ; Matthias W. BECKMANN, Auteur ; Oliver KRATZ, Auteur ; Gunther H. MOLL, Auteur ; Johannes KORNHUBER, Auteur ; Hartmut HEINRICH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.110-118 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Alcohol intake during pregnancy is considered to be a risk factor for child development. Child biomarkers of intrauterine alcohol exposure have been rarely studied. We investigated whether a meconium alcohol metabolite (ethyl glucuronide, EtG) was associated with cognitive development, ADHD?related behaviour and neurophysiological markers of attention and executive control of children at primary?school age. Methods Mothers provided self?report on prenatal alcohol consumption during their 3rd trimester. Meconium samples were collected at birth. A total of 44 children with a meconium EtG above the detection limit (?10 ng/g) and 44 nonexposed matched controls were compared. A second threshold (?154 ng/g) was applied to study the dose effects. When children reached primary?school age, mothers rated ADHD?related behaviour, child cognitive development was measured using an IQ test battery, and event?related potentials were recorded during a cued go/nogo task. Results Children in both EtG?positive groups allocated fewer attentional resources than controls to the go/nogo task (reduced P3 component in go?trials). Children with a meconium EtG above 154 ng/g were also found to have an IQ that was six points lower than the other groups. Within the EtG ? 154 ng/g group, there was a positive correlation between EtG value and ADHD?related behaviour. These significant effects were not observed in relation to the maternal self?report data. Conclusions Associations between EtG and cognitive deficits, attentional resource capacity and ADHD?related behaviour could be documented with effects that were partially dose?dependent. In addition to maternal self?reports, this biomarker of intrauterine alcohol exposure may be considered as a predictor of child development. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12794 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=339 [article] Effects of prenatal alcohol consumption on cognitive development and ADHD?related behaviour in primary?school age: a multilevel study based on meconium ethyl glucuronide [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Anna EICHLER, Auteur ; Linda HUDLER, Auteur ; Juliane GRUNITZ, Auteur ; Jennifer GRIMM, Auteur ; Eva RAABE, Auteur ; Tamme W. GOECKE, Auteur ; Peter A. FASCHING, Auteur ; Matthias W. BECKMANN, Auteur ; Oliver KRATZ, Auteur ; Gunther H. MOLL, Auteur ; Johannes KORNHUBER, Auteur ; Hartmut HEINRICH, Auteur . - p.110-118. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 59-2 (February 2018) . - p.110-118 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Alcohol intake during pregnancy is considered to be a risk factor for child development. Child biomarkers of intrauterine alcohol exposure have been rarely studied. We investigated whether a meconium alcohol metabolite (ethyl glucuronide, EtG) was associated with cognitive development, ADHD?related behaviour and neurophysiological markers of attention and executive control of children at primary?school age. Methods Mothers provided self?report on prenatal alcohol consumption during their 3rd trimester. Meconium samples were collected at birth. A total of 44 children with a meconium EtG above the detection limit (?10 ng/g) and 44 nonexposed matched controls were compared. A second threshold (?154 ng/g) was applied to study the dose effects. When children reached primary?school age, mothers rated ADHD?related behaviour, child cognitive development was measured using an IQ test battery, and event?related potentials were recorded during a cued go/nogo task. Results Children in both EtG?positive groups allocated fewer attentional resources than controls to the go/nogo task (reduced P3 component in go?trials). Children with a meconium EtG above 154 ng/g were also found to have an IQ that was six points lower than the other groups. Within the EtG ? 154 ng/g group, there was a positive correlation between EtG value and ADHD?related behaviour. These significant effects were not observed in relation to the maternal self?report data. Conclusions Associations between EtG and cognitive deficits, attentional resource capacity and ADHD?related behaviour could be documented with effects that were partially dose?dependent. In addition to maternal self?reports, this biomarker of intrauterine alcohol exposure may be considered as a predictor of child development. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12794 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=339

Genetics of preparation and response control in ADHD: the role of DRD4 and DAT1 / Björn ALBRECHT in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-8 (August 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-8 (August 2014) . - p.914-923 Titre : Genetics of preparation and response control in ADHD: the role of DRD4 and DAT1 Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Björn ALBRECHT, Auteur ; Daniel BRANDEIS, Auteur ; Henrik Uebel VON SANDERSLEBEN, Auteur ; Lilian VALKO, Auteur ; Hartmut HEINRICH, Auteur ; Xiaohui XU, Auteur ; Renate DRECHSLER, Auteur ; Alexander HEISE, Auteur ; Jonna KUNTSI, Auteur ; Ueli C. MÜLLER, Auteur ; Philip ASHERSON, Auteur ; Hans-Christoph STEINHAUSEN, Auteur ; Aribert ROTHENBERGER, Auteur ; Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.914-923 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  ERP  endophenotypes  CPT  CNV  Nogo  P3 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Difficulties with performance and brain activity related to attentional orienting (Cue-P3), cognitive or response preparation (Cue-CNV) and inhibitory response control (Nogo-P3) during tasks tapping executive functions are familial in ADHD and may represent endophenotypes. The aim of this study was to clarify the impact of dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) and dopamine transporter (DAT1) gene polymorphisms on these processes in ADHD and control children. Methods Behavioural and electrophysiological parameters from cued continuous performance tests with low and high attentional load were assessed in boys with ADHD combined type (N = 94) and controls without family history of ADHD (N = 31). Both groups were split for the presence of at least one DRD4 7-repeat allele and the DAT1 10-6 haplotype. Results Children with ADHD showed diminished performance and lower Cue-P3, CNV and Nogo-P3 amplitudes. Children with DRD4 7R showed similar performance problems and lower Cue-P3 and CNV, but Nogo-P3 was not reduced. Children with the DAT1 10-6 haplotype had no difficulties with performance or Cue-P3 and CNV, but contrary to expectations increased Nogo-P3. There were no Genotype by ADHD interactions. Conclusions This study detected specific effects of DRD4 7R on performance and brain activity related to attentional orienting and response preparation, while DAT1 10-6 was associated with elevated brain activity related to inhibitory response control, which potentially compensates increased impulsivity. As these genotype effects were additive to the impact of ADHD, the current results indicate that DRD4 and DAT1 polymorphisms are functionally relevant risk factors for ADHD and presumably other disorders sharing these endophenotypes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12212 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=237 [article] Genetics of preparation and response control in ADHD: the role of DRD4 and DAT1 [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Björn ALBRECHT, Auteur ; Daniel BRANDEIS, Auteur ; Henrik Uebel VON SANDERSLEBEN, Auteur ; Lilian VALKO, Auteur ; Hartmut HEINRICH, Auteur ; Xiaohui XU, Auteur ; Renate DRECHSLER, Auteur ; Alexander HEISE, Auteur ; Jonna KUNTSI, Auteur ; Ueli C. MÜLLER, Auteur ; Philip ASHERSON, Auteur ; Hans-Christoph STEINHAUSEN, Auteur ; Aribert ROTHENBERGER, Auteur ; Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur . - p.914-923. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-8 (August 2014) . - p.914-923 Mots-clés : Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  ERP  endophenotypes  CPT  CNV  Nogo  P3 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Difficulties with performance and brain activity related to attentional orienting (Cue-P3), cognitive or response preparation (Cue-CNV) and inhibitory response control (Nogo-P3) during tasks tapping executive functions are familial in ADHD and may represent endophenotypes. The aim of this study was to clarify the impact of dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) and dopamine transporter (DAT1) gene polymorphisms on these processes in ADHD and control children. Methods Behavioural and electrophysiological parameters from cued continuous performance tests with low and high attentional load were assessed in boys with ADHD combined type (N = 94) and controls without family history of ADHD (N = 31). Both groups were split for the presence of at least one DRD4 7-repeat allele and the DAT1 10-6 haplotype. Results Children with ADHD showed diminished performance and lower Cue-P3, CNV and Nogo-P3 amplitudes. Children with DRD4 7R showed similar performance problems and lower Cue-P3 and CNV, but Nogo-P3 was not reduced. Children with the DAT1 10-6 haplotype had no difficulties with performance or Cue-P3 and CNV, but contrary to expectations increased Nogo-P3. There were no Genotype by ADHD interactions. Conclusions This study detected specific effects of DRD4 7R on performance and brain activity related to attentional orienting and response preparation, while DAT1 10-6 was associated with elevated brain activity related to inhibitory response control, which potentially compensates increased impulsivity. As these genotype effects were additive to the impact of ADHD, the current results indicate that DRD4 and DAT1 polymorphisms are functionally relevant risk factors for ADHD and presumably other disorders sharing these endophenotypes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12212 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=237

Is neurofeedback an efficacious treatment for ADHD? A randomised controlled clinical trial / Holger GEVENSLEBEN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50-7 (July 2009)  

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