Early adolescent outcomes of institutionally-deprived and non-deprived adoptees. II: Language as a protective factor and a vulnerable outcome / Carla CROFT in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-1 (January 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-1 (January 2007) . - p.31–44 Titre : Early adolescent outcomes of institutionally-deprived and non-deprived adoptees. II: Language as a protective factor and a vulnerable outcome Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Carla CROFT, Auteur ; Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur ; Suzanne E. STEVENS, Auteur ; Amanda HAWKINS, Auteur ; Christine GROOTHUES, Auteur ; Jenny CASTLE, Auteur ; Celia BECKETT, Auteur ; Jana KREPPNER, Auteur ; Emma COLVERT, Auteur ; Michael RUTTER, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.31–44 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Language cognition institutional-deprivation sensitive-period longitudinal-study resilience intelligence adoption Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is uncertainty about the extent to which language skills are part of general intelligence and even more uncertainty on whether deprivation has differential effects on language and non-language skills. Methods: Language and cognitive outcomes at 6 and 11 years of age were compared between a sample of 132 institution-reared Romanian children adopted into UK families under the age of 42 months, and a sample of 49 children adopted within the UK under the age of 6 months who had not experienced either institutional rearing or profound deprivation. Results: The effects of institutional deprivation were basically similar for language and cognitive outcomes at age 6; in both there were few negative effects of deprivation if it ended before the age of 6 months and there was no linear association with duration of deprivation within the 6 to 42 month range. For the children over 18 months on arrival (range 18–42 months), the presence of even very minimal language skills (imitation of speech sounds) at the time of arrival was a strong beneficial prognostic factor for language and cognitive outcomes, but not for social/emotional/behavioural outcomes. Individual variations in adoptive parent characteristics were unrelated to differences in language or cognitive outcomes, possibly as a consequence of the limited variability in the adoptive family group. Conclusions: Minimal language probably indexes some form of cognitive reserve that, in turn, indexes the degree of institutional deprivation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01689.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=927 [article] Early adolescent outcomes of institutionally-deprived and non-deprived adoptees. II: Language as a protective factor and a vulnerable outcome [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Carla CROFT, Auteur ; Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur ; Suzanne E. STEVENS, Auteur ; Amanda HAWKINS, Auteur ; Christine GROOTHUES, Auteur ; Jenny CASTLE, Auteur ; Celia BECKETT, Auteur ; Jana KREPPNER, Auteur ; Emma COLVERT, Auteur ; Michael RUTTER, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.31–44. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-1 (January 2007) . - p.31–44 Mots-clés : Language cognition institutional-deprivation sensitive-period longitudinal-study resilience intelligence adoption Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is uncertainty about the extent to which language skills are part of general intelligence and even more uncertainty on whether deprivation has differential effects on language and non-language skills. Methods: Language and cognitive outcomes at 6 and 11 years of age were compared between a sample of 132 institution-reared Romanian children adopted into UK families under the age of 42 months, and a sample of 49 children adopted within the UK under the age of 6 months who had not experienced either institutional rearing or profound deprivation. Results: The effects of institutional deprivation were basically similar for language and cognitive outcomes at age 6; in both there were few negative effects of deprivation if it ended before the age of 6 months and there was no linear association with duration of deprivation within the 6 to 42 month range. For the children over 18 months on arrival (range 18–42 months), the presence of even very minimal language skills (imitation of speech sounds) at the time of arrival was a strong beneficial prognostic factor for language and cognitive outcomes, but not for social/emotional/behavioural outcomes. Individual variations in adoptive parent characteristics were unrelated to differences in language or cognitive outcomes, possibly as a consequence of the limited variability in the adoptive family group. Conclusions: Minimal language probably indexes some form of cognitive reserve that, in turn, indexes the degree of institutional deprivation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01689.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=927

Early adolescent outcomes of institutionally deprived and non-deprived adoptees. III. Quasi-autism / Michael RUTTER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-12 (December 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-12 (December 2007) . - p.1200–1207 Titre : Early adolescent outcomes of institutionally deprived and non-deprived adoptees. III. Quasi-autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Michael RUTTER, Auteur ; Jana KREPPNER, Auteur ; Celia BECKETT, Auteur ; Jenny CASTLE, Auteur ; Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur ; Carla CROFT, Auteur ; Marianna MURIN, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.1200–1207 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Institutional-care autism adolescence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Some young children reared in profoundly depriving institutions have been found to show autistic-like patterns, but the developmental significance of these features is unknown. Methods: A randomly selected, age-stratified, sample of 144 children who had experienced an institutional upbringing in Romania and who were adopted by UK families was studied at 4, 6, and 11 years, and compared with a non-institutionalised sample of 52 domestic adoptees. Twenty-eight children, all from Romanian institutions, for whom the possibility of quasi-autism had been raised, were assessed using the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) at the age of 12 years. Results: Sixteen children were found to have a quasi-autistic pattern; a rate of 9.2% in the Romanian institution-reared adoptees with an IQ of at least 50 as compared with 0% in the domestic adoptees. There were a further 12 children with some autistic-like features, but for whom the quasi-autism designation was not confirmed. The follow-up of the children showed that a quarter of the children lost their autistic-like features by 11. Disinhibited attachment and poor peer relationships were also present in over half of the children with quasi-autism. Conclusions: The findings at age 11/12 years confirmed the reality and clinical significance of the quasi-autistic patterns seen in over 1 in 10 of the children who experienced profound institutional deprivation. Although there were important similarities with ‘ordinary’ autism, the dissimilarities suggest a different meaning. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01792.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=309 [article] Early adolescent outcomes of institutionally deprived and non-deprived adoptees. III. Quasi-autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Michael RUTTER, Auteur ; Jana KREPPNER, Auteur ; Celia BECKETT, Auteur ; Jenny CASTLE, Auteur ; Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur ; Carla CROFT, Auteur ; Marianna MURIN, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.1200–1207. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-12 (December 2007) . - p.1200–1207 Mots-clés : Institutional-care autism adolescence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Some young children reared in profoundly depriving institutions have been found to show autistic-like patterns, but the developmental significance of these features is unknown. Methods: A randomly selected, age-stratified, sample of 144 children who had experienced an institutional upbringing in Romania and who were adopted by UK families was studied at 4, 6, and 11 years, and compared with a non-institutionalised sample of 52 domestic adoptees. Twenty-eight children, all from Romanian institutions, for whom the possibility of quasi-autism had been raised, were assessed using the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) at the age of 12 years. Results: Sixteen children were found to have a quasi-autistic pattern; a rate of 9.2% in the Romanian institution-reared adoptees with an IQ of at least 50 as compared with 0% in the domestic adoptees. There were a further 12 children with some autistic-like features, but for whom the quasi-autism designation was not confirmed. The follow-up of the children showed that a quarter of the children lost their autistic-like features by 11. Disinhibited attachment and poor peer relationships were also present in over half of the children with quasi-autism. Conclusions: The findings at age 11/12 years confirmed the reality and clinical significance of the quasi-autistic patterns seen in over 1 in 10 of the children who experienced profound institutional deprivation. Although there were important similarities with ‘ordinary’ autism, the dissimilarities suggest a different meaning. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01792.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=309

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