Cortisol reactions in five-year-olds to parent–child interaction: the moderating role of ego-resiliency / Sanny SMEEKENS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-7 (July 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-7 (July 2007) . - p.649–656 Titre : Cortisol reactions in five-year-olds to parent–child interaction: the moderating role of ego-resiliency Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sanny SMEEKENS, Auteur ; J. Marianne RIKSEN-WALRAVEN, Auteur ; Hedwig J. A. VAN BAKEL, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.649–656 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Cortisol-reaction parent–child-interaction child-ego-resiliency differential-susceptibility Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: This study with five-year-olds is the first to examine whether low-quality interactions with parents elicit physiological stress in children beyond toddlerhood, as evident from elevated cortisol levels in their saliva. It was hypothesised that particularly children with low levels of ego-resiliency −a personality construct reflecting the capacity to cope with stress − would show cortisol increases during low-quality parent–child interactions. Method: In a sample of 101 five-year-old children (62 boys), parent–child interaction was observed at home during parent–child discourse that involved the recollection and discussion of emotional events that happened to the child in the past. Saliva samples to assess cortisol levels were collected before and 20 minutes after the parent–child discourse task. The children's teacher rated child ego-resiliency using a Dutch translation of the California Child Q-set (CCQ; Block & Block, 1980). Results: One of the two parent–child interaction factors that emerged from a principal component analysis, namely negative parent–child interactions, was significantly related to the children's cortisol reaction; more negative parent–child interactions elicited significantly stronger cortisol reactions. The other parent–child interaction factor that was found, i.e., effective guidance, was not significantly related to children's cortisol reaction. As predicted, children low on ego-resiliency showed increases in cortisol during negative interactions with their parents, whereas high ego-resilient children did not. Conclusions: The association between negative parent–child interactions and cortisol elevations in children may point to a likely mechanism through which negative parent–child interactions contribute to negative developmental outcomes as the repeated exposure to high levels of cortisol have earlier been found to negatively affect children's development and functioning in various areas. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01753.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=141 [article] Cortisol reactions in five-year-olds to parent–child interaction: the moderating role of ego-resiliency [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sanny SMEEKENS, Auteur ; J. Marianne RIKSEN-WALRAVEN, Auteur ; Hedwig J. A. VAN BAKEL, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.649–656. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-7 (July 2007) . - p.649–656 Mots-clés : Cortisol-reaction parent–child-interaction child-ego-resiliency differential-susceptibility Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: This study with five-year-olds is the first to examine whether low-quality interactions with parents elicit physiological stress in children beyond toddlerhood, as evident from elevated cortisol levels in their saliva. It was hypothesised that particularly children with low levels of ego-resiliency −a personality construct reflecting the capacity to cope with stress − would show cortisol increases during low-quality parent–child interactions. Method: In a sample of 101 five-year-old children (62 boys), parent–child interaction was observed at home during parent–child discourse that involved the recollection and discussion of emotional events that happened to the child in the past. Saliva samples to assess cortisol levels were collected before and 20 minutes after the parent–child discourse task. The children's teacher rated child ego-resiliency using a Dutch translation of the California Child Q-set (CCQ; Block & Block, 1980). Results: One of the two parent–child interaction factors that emerged from a principal component analysis, namely negative parent–child interactions, was significantly related to the children's cortisol reaction; more negative parent–child interactions elicited significantly stronger cortisol reactions. The other parent–child interaction factor that was found, i.e., effective guidance, was not significantly related to children's cortisol reaction. As predicted, children low on ego-resiliency showed increases in cortisol during negative interactions with their parents, whereas high ego-resilient children did not. Conclusions: The association between negative parent–child interactions and cortisol elevations in children may point to a likely mechanism through which negative parent–child interactions contribute to negative developmental outcomes as the repeated exposure to high levels of cortisol have earlier been found to negatively affect children's development and functioning in various areas. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01753.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=141

Long-term effects of a home-visiting intervention for depressed mothers and their infants / Laura E. KERSTEN-ALVAREZ in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-10 (October 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-10 (October 2010) . - p.1160-1170 Titre : Long-term effects of a home-visiting intervention for depressed mothers and their infants Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Laura E. KERSTEN-ALVAREZ, Auteur ; J. Marianne RIKSEN-WALRAVEN, Auteur ; Clemens HOSMAN, Auteur ; Karin T.M. VAN DOESUM, Auteur ; Cees HOEFNAGELS, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.1160-1170 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Whereas preventive interventions for depressed mothers and their infants have yielded positive short-term outcomes, few studies have examined their long-term effectiveness. The present follow-up of a randomised controlled trial (RCT) is one of the first to examine the longer-term effects of an intervention for mothers with postpartum depression and their infants at school-age. In early infancy, the intervention was found effective in improving mother–infant interaction and the child’s attachment to its mother. Methods:  Twenty-nine mother–child pairs who completed the intervention are compared with 29 untreated mother–child dyads as to the quality of maternal interactive behaviour and the child outcomes of attachment security to the mother, self-esteem, ego-resiliency, verbal intelligence, prosocial behaviour, school adjustment, and behaviour problems at age 5 (M = 68 months). Results:  In the total sample no lasting treatment benefits were found, but in families reporting a higher number of stressful life events, children in the intervention group had fewer externalising behaviour problems as rated by their mothers than children in the control group. Conclusions:  In the context of multiple stressful life events the intervention served as a buffer by preventing the development of externalising problems in the child. The results warrant cautious interpretation because of the relatively small sample size and differential attrition revealing the mothers that completed the follow-up assessment to have improved less on maternal sensitivity following the intervention than the mothers who did not participate in the follow-up. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02268.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=110 [article] Long-term effects of a home-visiting intervention for depressed mothers and their infants [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Laura E. KERSTEN-ALVAREZ, Auteur ; J. Marianne RIKSEN-WALRAVEN, Auteur ; Clemens HOSMAN, Auteur ; Karin T.M. VAN DOESUM, Auteur ; Cees HOEFNAGELS, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.1160-1170. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-10 (October 2010) . - p.1160-1170 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Whereas preventive interventions for depressed mothers and their infants have yielded positive short-term outcomes, few studies have examined their long-term effectiveness. The present follow-up of a randomised controlled trial (RCT) is one of the first to examine the longer-term effects of an intervention for mothers with postpartum depression and their infants at school-age. In early infancy, the intervention was found effective in improving mother–infant interaction and the child’s attachment to its mother. Methods:  Twenty-nine mother–child pairs who completed the intervention are compared with 29 untreated mother–child dyads as to the quality of maternal interactive behaviour and the child outcomes of attachment security to the mother, self-esteem, ego-resiliency, verbal intelligence, prosocial behaviour, school adjustment, and behaviour problems at age 5 (M = 68 months). Results:  In the total sample no lasting treatment benefits were found, but in families reporting a higher number of stressful life events, children in the intervention group had fewer externalising behaviour problems as rated by their mothers than children in the control group. Conclusions:  In the context of multiple stressful life events the intervention served as a buffer by preventing the development of externalising problems in the child. The results warrant cautious interpretation because of the relatively small sample size and differential attrition revealing the mothers that completed the follow-up assessment to have improved less on maternal sensitivity following the intervention than the mothers who did not participate in the follow-up. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02268.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=110

Maternal behavior predicts infant cortisol recovery from a mild everyday stressor / Esther M. ALBERS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49-1 (January 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 49-1 (January 2008) . - p.97–103 Titre : Maternal behavior predicts infant cortisol recovery from a mild everyday stressor Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Esther M. ALBERS, Auteur ; J. Marianne RIKSEN-WALRAVEN, Auteur ; Fred C.G.J. SWEEP, Auteur ; Carolina DE WEERTH, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.97–103 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Cortisol reactivity recovery infants stress maternal-behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: In the very first years of life, parenting is considered to be important for the regulation of the infant's emotional and physiological states. In the present study, three-month-old infants’ cortisol responses (reactivity and recovery) to a mild everyday stressor, namely being taken out of the bath, were examined in relation to the quality of maternal behavior. It was hypothesized that a higher quality of maternal behavior towards the infant predicted lower cortisol reactivity as well as a better recovery from the reaction. Method: The participants were 64 infants (34 boys and 30 girls) and their mothers. Maternal behavior (sensitivity and cooperation) towards the infant during the bathing routine was rated from videotapes. Salivary cortisol was obtained from the infants three times: before the bathing routine (T1), and 25 minutes (T2) and 40 minutes (T3) after the infants were taken out of the bath. Results: The infants reacted with a significant increase in cortisol to the stressor (from 6.8 nmol/l to 9.9 nmol/l), and regression analysis showed that the higher the quality of maternal behavior the better the cortisol recovery from the stressor. Conclusion: Our findings indicate the potential importance of social processes for physiological recovery from everyday stressful situations in infants. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01818.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=311 [article] Maternal behavior predicts infant cortisol recovery from a mild everyday stressor [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Esther M. ALBERS, Auteur ; J. Marianne RIKSEN-WALRAVEN, Auteur ; Fred C.G.J. SWEEP, Auteur ; Carolina DE WEERTH, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.97–103. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 49-1 (January 2008) . - p.97–103 Mots-clés : Cortisol reactivity recovery infants stress maternal-behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: In the very first years of life, parenting is considered to be important for the regulation of the infant's emotional and physiological states. In the present study, three-month-old infants’ cortisol responses (reactivity and recovery) to a mild everyday stressor, namely being taken out of the bath, were examined in relation to the quality of maternal behavior. It was hypothesized that a higher quality of maternal behavior towards the infant predicted lower cortisol reactivity as well as a better recovery from the reaction. Method: The participants were 64 infants (34 boys and 30 girls) and their mothers. Maternal behavior (sensitivity and cooperation) towards the infant during the bathing routine was rated from videotapes. Salivary cortisol was obtained from the infants three times: before the bathing routine (T1), and 25 minutes (T2) and 40 minutes (T3) after the infants were taken out of the bath. Results: The infants reacted with a significant increase in cortisol to the stressor (from 6.8 nmol/l to 9.9 nmol/l), and regression analysis showed that the higher the quality of maternal behavior the better the cortisol recovery from the stressor. Conclusion: Our findings indicate the potential importance of social processes for physiological recovery from everyday stressful situations in infants. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01818.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=311

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