[article] 
inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-3 (March 2015) . - p.278-295

Titre :	Annual Research Review: The (epi)genetics of neurodevelopmental disorders in the era of whole-genome sequencing – unveiling the dark matter
Type de document :	Texte imprimé et/ou numérique
Auteurs :	Dominik P. KISER, Auteur ; Olga RIVERO, Auteur ; Klaus-Peter LESCH, Auteur
Article en page(s) :	p.278-295
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Neurodevelopmental disorders  intellectual disability  autism  ADHD  genetics  epigenetic programming  whole-genome screening  evolution
Index. décimale :	PER Périodiques
Résumé :	Background and Scope Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are defined by a wide variety of behavioural phenotypes, psychopathology and clinically informed categorical classifications. Diagnostic entities include intellectual disability (ID), the autism spectrum (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The aetiopathogenesis of these conditions and disorders involves an interaction between both genetic and environmental risk factors on the developmental trajectory. Despite their remarkable genetic heterogeneity and complexity of pathophysiological mechanisms, NDDs display an overlap in their phenotypic features, a considerable degree of comorbidity as well as sharing of genetic and environmental risk factors. This review aims to provide an overview of the genetics and epigenetic of NDDs. Findings Recent evidence suggests a critical role of defined and tightly regulated neurodevelopmental programs running out of control in NDDs, most notably neuronal proliferation and migration, synapse formation and remodelling, as well as neural network configuration resulting in compromised systems connectivity and function. Moreover, the machinery of epigenetic programming, interacting with genetic liability, impacts many of those processes and pathways, thus modifying vulnerability of, and resilience to, NDDs. Consequently, the categorically defined entities of ID, ADHD and ASD are increasingly viewed as disorders on a multidimensional continuum of molecular and cellular deficiencies in neurodevelopment. As such, this range of NDDs displays a broad phenotypic diversity, which may be explained by a combination and interplay of underlying loss- and potential gain-of-function traits. Conclusion In this overview, we discuss a backbone continuum concept of NDDs by summarizing pertinent findings in genetics and epigenetics. We also provide an appraisal of the genetic overlap versus differences, with a focus on genome-wide screening approaches for (epi)genetic variation. Finally, we conclude with insights from evolutionary psychobiology suggesting positive selection for discrete NDD-associated traits.
En ligne :	http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12392
Permalink :	https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260

[article] Annual Research Review: The (epi)genetics of neurodevelopmental disorders in the era of whole-genome sequencing – unveiling the dark matter [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Dominik P. KISER, Auteur ; Olga RIVERO, Auteur ; Klaus-Peter LESCH, Auteur . - p.278-295.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-3 (March 2015) . - p.278-295

Mots-clés :	Neurodevelopmental disorders  intellectual disability  autism  ADHD  genetics  epigenetic programming  whole-genome screening  evolution
Index. décimale :	PER Périodiques
Résumé :	Background and Scope Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are defined by a wide variety of behavioural phenotypes, psychopathology and clinically informed categorical classifications. Diagnostic entities include intellectual disability (ID), the autism spectrum (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The aetiopathogenesis of these conditions and disorders involves an interaction between both genetic and environmental risk factors on the developmental trajectory. Despite their remarkable genetic heterogeneity and complexity of pathophysiological mechanisms, NDDs display an overlap in their phenotypic features, a considerable degree of comorbidity as well as sharing of genetic and environmental risk factors. This review aims to provide an overview of the genetics and epigenetic of NDDs. Findings Recent evidence suggests a critical role of defined and tightly regulated neurodevelopmental programs running out of control in NDDs, most notably neuronal proliferation and migration, synapse formation and remodelling, as well as neural network configuration resulting in compromised systems connectivity and function. Moreover, the machinery of epigenetic programming, interacting with genetic liability, impacts many of those processes and pathways, thus modifying vulnerability of, and resilience to, NDDs. Consequently, the categorically defined entities of ID, ADHD and ASD are increasingly viewed as disorders on a multidimensional continuum of molecular and cellular deficiencies in neurodevelopment. As such, this range of NDDs displays a broad phenotypic diversity, which may be explained by a combination and interplay of underlying loss- and potential gain-of-function traits. Conclusion In this overview, we discuss a backbone continuum concept of NDDs by summarizing pertinent findings in genetics and epigenetics. We also provide an appraisal of the genetic overlap versus differences, with a focus on genome-wide screening approaches for (epi)genetic variation. Finally, we conclude with insights from evolutionary psychobiology suggesting positive selection for discrete NDD-associated traits.
En ligne :	http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12392
Permalink :	https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260