Ocular Fixation Abnormality in Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Aya SHIRAMA in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46-5 (May 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 46-5 (May 2016) . - p.1613-1622 Titre : Ocular Fixation Abnormality in Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Aya SHIRAMA, Auteur ; Chieko KANAI, Auteur ; Nobumasa KATO, Auteur ; Makio KASHINO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1613-1622 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ASD  Ocular fixation  Sensorimotor function  Antisaccade task Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We examined the factors that influence ocular fixation control in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) including sensory information, individuals’ motor characteristics, and inhibitory control. The ASD group showed difficulty in maintaining fixation especially when there was no fixation target. The fixational eye movement characteristics of individuals were consistent regardless of the presence or absence of a fixation target in the controls, but not in the ASD group. Additionally, fixation stability did not correlate with an ability to suppress reflexive saccades measured by an antisaccade task. These findings suggest that ASD adults have deficits in converting alternative sensory information, such as retinal signals in the peripheral visual field or extraretinal signals, to motor commands when the foveal information is unavailable. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-015-2688-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=288 [article] Ocular Fixation Abnormality in Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Aya SHIRAMA, Auteur ; Chieko KANAI, Auteur ; Nobumasa KATO, Auteur ; Makio KASHINO, Auteur . - p.1613-1622. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 46-5 (May 2016) . - p.1613-1622 Mots-clés : ASD  Ocular fixation  Sensorimotor function  Antisaccade task Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We examined the factors that influence ocular fixation control in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) including sensory information, individuals’ motor characteristics, and inhibitory control. The ASD group showed difficulty in maintaining fixation especially when there was no fixation target. The fixational eye movement characteristics of individuals were consistent regardless of the presence or absence of a fixation target in the controls, but not in the ASD group. Additionally, fixation stability did not correlate with an ability to suppress reflexive saccades measured by an antisaccade task. These findings suggest that ASD adults have deficits in converting alternative sensory information, such as retinal signals in the peripheral visual field or extraretinal signals, to motor commands when the foveal information is unavailable. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-015-2688-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=288

The effect of intranasal oxytocin versus placebo treatment on the autonomic responses to human sounds in autism: a single-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover design study / I-Fan LIN in Molecular Autism, (February 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > (February 2014) Titre : The effect of intranasal oxytocin versus placebo treatment on the autonomic responses to human sounds in autism: a single-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover design study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : I-Fan LIN, Auteur ; Makio KASHINO, Auteur ; Haruhisa OHTA, Auteur ; Takashi YAMADA, Auteur ; Masayuki TANI, Auteur ; Hiromi WATANABE, Auteur ; Chieko KANAI, Auteur ; Taisei OHNO, Auteur ; Yuko TAKAYAMA, Auteur ; Akira IWANAMI, Auteur ; Nobumasa KATO, Auteur Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Many individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have difficulty with verbal communication, which might be due to a lack of spontaneous orientation toward social auditory stimuli. Previous studies have shown that a single dose of oxytocin improves speech comprehension in autism. The primary aim of this study was to investigate whether the orientation behaviors toward human sounds are different for neurotypical (NT) adults and adults with ASD and whether oxytocin has an effect on their orientation behaviors toward human sounds. This was a randomized, placebo-controlled, within-subject, crossover design study of intranasal oxytocin versus placebo in 13 NT adults and 16 adults with ASD. Subjects were randomized to 24 IU intranasal oxytocin or placebo on different days, and they were blind to the treatment. The participants then listened passively to human and non-human affective sounds while their skin conductance responses (SCRs) and the changes in peripheral blood vessel constriction were monitored as an indicator of spontaneous orientation. The monitored data were analyzed by a mixed-design ANOVA. Oxytocin enhanced the difference between the SCRs to human and non-human sounds in both the NT and ASD groups (F(1,56) = 6.046, p = 0.017). Further correlation coefficient analysis showed significant correlations between this SCR difference and the scores in the autism spectrum quotient 'attention to detail' and 'social skill' subscales and interpersonal reactivity index and social functioning scale in the ASD group. Oxytocin was well tolerated, and no serious adverse effects were reported. The difference in SCRs implies that oxytocin nasal spray may enhance orientation behaviors toward human sounds in the presence of other environmental sounds in both ASD and NT adults.Trial registration: UMIN-CTR Clinical Trial, Unique trial number: UMIN000005809 En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2040-2392-5-20 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=227 [article] The effect of intranasal oxytocin versus placebo treatment on the autonomic responses to human sounds in autism: a single-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover design study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / I-Fan LIN, Auteur ; Makio KASHINO, Auteur ; Haruhisa OHTA, Auteur ; Takashi YAMADA, Auteur ; Masayuki TANI, Auteur ; Hiromi WATANABE, Auteur ; Chieko KANAI, Auteur ; Taisei OHNO, Auteur ; Yuko TAKAYAMA, Auteur ; Akira IWANAMI, Auteur ; Nobumasa KATO, Auteur. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > (February 2014) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Many individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have difficulty with verbal communication, which might be due to a lack of spontaneous orientation toward social auditory stimuli. Previous studies have shown that a single dose of oxytocin improves speech comprehension in autism. The primary aim of this study was to investigate whether the orientation behaviors toward human sounds are different for neurotypical (NT) adults and adults with ASD and whether oxytocin has an effect on their orientation behaviors toward human sounds. This was a randomized, placebo-controlled, within-subject, crossover design study of intranasal oxytocin versus placebo in 13 NT adults and 16 adults with ASD. Subjects were randomized to 24 IU intranasal oxytocin or placebo on different days, and they were blind to the treatment. The participants then listened passively to human and non-human affective sounds while their skin conductance responses (SCRs) and the changes in peripheral blood vessel constriction were monitored as an indicator of spontaneous orientation. The monitored data were analyzed by a mixed-design ANOVA. Oxytocin enhanced the difference between the SCRs to human and non-human sounds in both the NT and ASD groups (F(1,56) = 6.046, p = 0.017). Further correlation coefficient analysis showed significant correlations between this SCR difference and the scores in the autism spectrum quotient 'attention to detail' and 'social skill' subscales and interpersonal reactivity index and social functioning scale in the ASD group. Oxytocin was well tolerated, and no serious adverse effects were reported. The difference in SCRs implies that oxytocin nasal spray may enhance orientation behaviors toward human sounds in the presence of other environmental sounds in both ASD and NT adults.Trial registration: UMIN-CTR Clinical Trial, Unique trial number: UMIN000005809 En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2040-2392-5-20 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=227

When do individuals with autism spectrum disorder show superiority in visual search? / Aya SHIRAMA in Autism, 21-8 (November 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 21-8 (November 2017) . - p.942-951 Titre : When do individuals with autism spectrum disorder show superiority in visual search? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Aya SHIRAMA, Auteur ; Nobumasa KATO, Auteur ; Makio KASHINO, Auteur Année de publication : 2017 Article en page(s) : p.942-951 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although superior visual search skills have been repeatedly reported for individuals with autism spectrum disorder, the underlying mechanisms remain controversial. To specify the locus where individuals with autism spectrum disorder excel in visual search, we compared the performance of autism spectrum disorder adults and healthy controls in briefly presented search tasks, where the search display was replaced by a noise mask at a stimulus-mask asynchrony of 160?ms to interfere with a serial search process while bottom-up visual processing remains intact. We found that participants with autism spectrum disorder show faster overall reaction times regardless of the number of stimuli and the presence of a target with higher accuracy than controls in a luminance and shape conjunction search task as well as a hard feature search task where the target feature information was ineffective in prioritizing likely target stimuli. In addition, the analysis of target eccentricity illustrated that the autism spectrum disorder group has better target discriminability regardless of target eccentricity, suggesting that the autism spectrum disorder advantage does not derive from a reduced crowding effect, which is known to be enhanced with increasing retinal eccentricity. The findings suggest that individuals with autism spectrum disorder excel in non-search processes, especially in the simultaneous discrimination of multiple visual stimuli. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361316656943 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=320 [article] When do individuals with autism spectrum disorder show superiority in visual search? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Aya SHIRAMA, Auteur ; Nobumasa KATO, Auteur ; Makio KASHINO, Auteur . - 2017 . - p.942-951. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 21-8 (November 2017) . - p.942-951 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although superior visual search skills have been repeatedly reported for individuals with autism spectrum disorder, the underlying mechanisms remain controversial. To specify the locus where individuals with autism spectrum disorder excel in visual search, we compared the performance of autism spectrum disorder adults and healthy controls in briefly presented search tasks, where the search display was replaced by a noise mask at a stimulus-mask asynchrony of 160?ms to interfere with a serial search process while bottom-up visual processing remains intact. We found that participants with autism spectrum disorder show faster overall reaction times regardless of the number of stimuli and the presence of a target with higher accuracy than controls in a luminance and shape conjunction search task as well as a hard feature search task where the target feature information was ineffective in prioritizing likely target stimuli. In addition, the analysis of target eccentricity illustrated that the autism spectrum disorder group has better target discriminability regardless of target eccentricity, suggesting that the autism spectrum disorder advantage does not derive from a reduced crowding effect, which is known to be enhanced with increasing retinal eccentricity. The findings suggest that individuals with autism spectrum disorder excel in non-search processes, especially in the simultaneous discrimination of multiple visual stimuli. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361316656943 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=320

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