Dépouillements

Practitioner Review: Psychosocial interventions for children with selective mutism: a critical evaluation of the literature from 1990–2005 / Sharon L. COHAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47-11 (November 2006)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-11 (November 2006) . - p.1085–1097 Titre : Practitioner Review: Psychosocial interventions for children with selective mutism: a critical evaluation of the literature from 1990–2005 Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sharon L. COHAN, Auteur ; Denise A. CHAVIRA, Auteur ; Murray B. STEIN, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.1085–1097 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Anxiety behavior-therapy elective-mutism psychotherapy selective-mutism therapy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: There have been several reports of successful psychosocial interventions for children with selective mutism (SM), a disorder in which a child consistently fails to speak in one or more social settings (e.g., school) despite speaking normally in other settings (e.g., home). The present literature review was undertaken in order to provide an up-to-date summary and critique of the SM treatment literature published in the past fifteen years. Methods: PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases were searched to identify SM treatment studies published in peer-reviewed journals between 1990 and 2005. Results: A total of 23 studies were included in the present review. Of these, ten used a behavioral/cognitive behavioral approach, one used a behavioral language training approach, one used a family systems approach, five used a psychodynamic approach, and six used multimodal approaches to SM treatment. Conclusions: Although much of this literature is limited by methodological weaknesses, the existing research provides support for the use of behavioral and cognitive-behavioral interventions. Multimodal treatments also appear promising, but the essential components of these interventions have yet to be established. An outline of a cognitive-behavioral treatment package for a typical SM child is provided and the review concludes with suggestions for future research. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01662.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=798 [article] Practitioner Review: Psychosocial interventions for children with selective mutism: a critical evaluation of the literature from 1990–2005 [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sharon L. COHAN, Auteur ; Denise A. CHAVIRA, Auteur ; Murray B. STEIN, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.1085–1097. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-11 (November 2006) . - p.1085–1097 Mots-clés : Anxiety behavior-therapy elective-mutism psychotherapy selective-mutism therapy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: There have been several reports of successful psychosocial interventions for children with selective mutism (SM), a disorder in which a child consistently fails to speak in one or more social settings (e.g., school) despite speaking normally in other settings (e.g., home). The present literature review was undertaken in order to provide an up-to-date summary and critique of the SM treatment literature published in the past fifteen years. Methods: PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases were searched to identify SM treatment studies published in peer-reviewed journals between 1990 and 2005. Results: A total of 23 studies were included in the present review. Of these, ten used a behavioral/cognitive behavioral approach, one used a behavioral language training approach, one used a family systems approach, five used a psychodynamic approach, and six used multimodal approaches to SM treatment. Conclusions: Although much of this literature is limited by methodological weaknesses, the existing research provides support for the use of behavioral and cognitive-behavioral interventions. Multimodal treatments also appear promising, but the essential components of these interventions have yet to be established. An outline of a cognitive-behavioral treatment package for a typical SM child is provided and the review concludes with suggestions for future research. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01662.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=798

The development of emotion-processing in children: effects of age, emotion, and intensity / Catherine M. HERBA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47-11 (November 2006)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-11 (November 2006) . - p.1098–1106 Titre : The development of emotion-processing in children: effects of age, emotion, and intensity Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Catherine M. HERBA, Auteur ; Sabine LANDAU, Auteur ; Tamara RUSSELL, Auteur ; Christine ECKER, Auteur ; Mary L. PHILLIPS, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.1098–1106 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Development emotion-recognition emotion-matching facial-expressions implicit-emotion-processing intensity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: This study examined the effects of age and two novel factors (intensity and emotion category) on healthy children's developing emotion-processing from 4 to 15 years using two matching paradigms. Methods: An explicit emotion-matching task was employed in which children matched the emotion of a target individual, and an implicit task whereby participants ignored the emotive facial stimulus and matched identity. Four intensities (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) for each of five emotion categories (sad, anger, happy, fear, and disgust) were included and provided a novel avenue of emotion-processing exploration. Results: Increasing age significantly improved children's performance on both tasks, particularly for fear and disgust. Age was not associated with more subtle processing (i.e., lower intensity of expression). When explicitly matching emotion expressions, increasing intensity was associated with improved performance. When matching identities (implicit emotion-matching), emotion category and intensity influenced task performance. Sex effects were minimal. Conclusions: In children, age, facial expression intensity and emotion category are important for predicting accuracy on emotion-processing tasks. Emotion category and expression intensity differentially affect performance on explicit and implicit emotion-processing tasks. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01652.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=799 [article] The development of emotion-processing in children: effects of age, emotion, and intensity [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Catherine M. HERBA, Auteur ; Sabine LANDAU, Auteur ; Tamara RUSSELL, Auteur ; Christine ECKER, Auteur ; Mary L. PHILLIPS, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.1098–1106. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-11 (November 2006) . - p.1098–1106 Mots-clés : Development emotion-recognition emotion-matching facial-expressions implicit-emotion-processing intensity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: This study examined the effects of age and two novel factors (intensity and emotion category) on healthy children's developing emotion-processing from 4 to 15 years using two matching paradigms. Methods: An explicit emotion-matching task was employed in which children matched the emotion of a target individual, and an implicit task whereby participants ignored the emotive facial stimulus and matched identity. Four intensities (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) for each of five emotion categories (sad, anger, happy, fear, and disgust) were included and provided a novel avenue of emotion-processing exploration. Results: Increasing age significantly improved children's performance on both tasks, particularly for fear and disgust. Age was not associated with more subtle processing (i.e., lower intensity of expression). When explicitly matching emotion expressions, increasing intensity was associated with improved performance. When matching identities (implicit emotion-matching), emotion category and intensity influenced task performance. Sex effects were minimal. Conclusions: In children, age, facial expression intensity and emotion category are important for predicting accuracy on emotion-processing tasks. Emotion category and expression intensity differentially affect performance on explicit and implicit emotion-processing tasks. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01652.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=799

Processing emotional facial expressions influences performance on a Go/NoGo task in pediatric anxiety and depression / Cecile D. LADOUCEUR in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47-11 (November 2006)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-11 (November 2006) . - p.1107–1115 Titre : Processing emotional facial expressions influences performance on a Go/NoGo task in pediatric anxiety and depression Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Cecile D. LADOUCEUR, Auteur ; Boris BIRMAHER, Auteur ; David A. AXELSON, Auteur ; Neal D. RYAN, Auteur ; Ronald E. DAHL, Auteur ; Douglas E. WILLIAMSON, Auteur ; B.J. CASEY, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.1107–1115 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Children adolescents anxiety depression emotional-processing cognitive-control Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: This study investigated whether processing emotionally salient information such as emotional facial expressions influences the performance on a cognitive control task in pediatric anxiety and depression. Methods: The sample included 68 participants between 8 and 16 years of age selected into three diagnostic groups: Anxiety Disorder (ANX, n = 23), Major Depressive Disorder (MDD, n = 19), and Low-Risk Normal Control (LRNC, n = 26). Participants completed an Emotional Go/NoGo task in which participants must either respond to (Go trials) or not respond to (NoGo trials) specific facial expressions (angry, fearful, sad, happy, neutral). In order to manipulate the level of cognitive control needed to perform the task, the probability of occurrence of the Go trials was varied across 3 probability conditions (low, moderate, high). Results: Analyses showed that the MDD group had significantly faster reaction times to sad face Go trials embedded in neutral face NoGo trials in the moderate probability condition and that the ANX group had significantly slower reaction times to neutral face Go trials embedded in angry face NoGo trials in the low probability condition. Conclusions: These data demonstrate that processing emotional facial expressions influences the performance on a cognitive control task in children and adolescents diagnosed with an anxiety disorder and major depression. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01640.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=800 [article] Processing emotional facial expressions influences performance on a Go/NoGo task in pediatric anxiety and depression [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Cecile D. LADOUCEUR, Auteur ; Boris BIRMAHER, Auteur ; David A. AXELSON, Auteur ; Neal D. RYAN, Auteur ; Ronald E. DAHL, Auteur ; Douglas E. WILLIAMSON, Auteur ; B.J. CASEY, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.1107–1115. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-11 (November 2006) . - p.1107–1115 Mots-clés : Children adolescents anxiety depression emotional-processing cognitive-control Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: This study investigated whether processing emotionally salient information such as emotional facial expressions influences the performance on a cognitive control task in pediatric anxiety and depression. Methods: The sample included 68 participants between 8 and 16 years of age selected into three diagnostic groups: Anxiety Disorder (ANX, n = 23), Major Depressive Disorder (MDD, n = 19), and Low-Risk Normal Control (LRNC, n = 26). Participants completed an Emotional Go/NoGo task in which participants must either respond to (Go trials) or not respond to (NoGo trials) specific facial expressions (angry, fearful, sad, happy, neutral). In order to manipulate the level of cognitive control needed to perform the task, the probability of occurrence of the Go trials was varied across 3 probability conditions (low, moderate, high). Results: Analyses showed that the MDD group had significantly faster reaction times to sad face Go trials embedded in neutral face NoGo trials in the moderate probability condition and that the ANX group had significantly slower reaction times to neutral face Go trials embedded in angry face NoGo trials in the low probability condition. Conclusions: These data demonstrate that processing emotional facial expressions influences the performance on a cognitive control task in children and adolescents diagnosed with an anxiety disorder and major depression. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01640.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=800

Household chaos – links with parenting and child behaviour / Joanne COLDWELL in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47-11 (November 2006)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-11 (November 2006) . - p.1116–1122 Titre : Household chaos – links with parenting and child behaviour Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Joanne COLDWELL, Auteur ; Judy DUNN, Auteur ; Alison PIKE, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.1116–1122 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Household-chaos children's-behaviour parenting moderation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The study aimed to confirm previous findings showing links between household chaos and parenting in addition to examining whether household chaos was predictive of children's behaviour over and above parenting. In addition, we investigated whether household chaos acts as a moderator between parenting and children's behaviour. Method: The sample consisted of 118 working- and middle-class two-parent English families with two children aged 4–8. Parents provided reports of the parent–child relationship, the level of chaos in their home and the children's problematic behaviour. The children also provided reports of parent–child relationships via a puppet interview. Results: The results confirmed the links between household chaos and parenting, and indicated that household chaos is predictive of children's problem behaviour over and above parenting. In addition, in a minority of cases, household chaos played a moderating role between parenting and children's behaviour in that it exacerbated the effect of poorer quality parenting on children's behaviour. Conclusions: Household chaos is able to work in an additive way and predict children's problem behaviour over and above parenting, and is particularly potent when in combination with less positive/more negative parenting. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01655.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=801 [article] Household chaos – links with parenting and child behaviour [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Joanne COLDWELL, Auteur ; Judy DUNN, Auteur ; Alison PIKE, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.1116–1122. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-11 (November 2006) . - p.1116–1122 Mots-clés : Household-chaos children's-behaviour parenting moderation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The study aimed to confirm previous findings showing links between household chaos and parenting in addition to examining whether household chaos was predictive of children's behaviour over and above parenting. In addition, we investigated whether household chaos acts as a moderator between parenting and children's behaviour. Method: The sample consisted of 118 working- and middle-class two-parent English families with two children aged 4–8. Parents provided reports of the parent–child relationship, the level of chaos in their home and the children's problematic behaviour. The children also provided reports of parent–child relationships via a puppet interview. Results: The results confirmed the links between household chaos and parenting, and indicated that household chaos is predictive of children's problem behaviour over and above parenting. In addition, in a minority of cases, household chaos played a moderating role between parenting and children's behaviour in that it exacerbated the effect of poorer quality parenting on children's behaviour. Conclusions: Household chaos is able to work in an additive way and predict children's problem behaviour over and above parenting, and is particularly potent when in combination with less positive/more negative parenting. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01655.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=801

Randomised controlled trial of a parenting intervention in the voluntary sector for reducing child conduct problems: outcomes and mechanisms of change / Frances E. M. GARDNER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47-11 (November 2006)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-11 (November 2006) . - p.1123–1132 Titre : Randomised controlled trial of a parenting intervention in the voluntary sector for reducing child conduct problems: outcomes and mechanisms of change Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Frances E. M. GARDNER, Auteur ; Jennifer BURTON, Auteur ; Ivana KLIMES, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.1123–1132 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Parenting conduct-problems trial-(randomised) mediator voluntary-sector Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: To test effectiveness of a parenting intervention, delivered in a community-based voluntary-sector organisation, for reducing conduct problems in clinically-referred children. Methods: Randomised controlled trial, follow-up at 6, 18 months, assessors blind to treatment status. Participants −76 children referred for conduct problems, aged 2–9, primarily low-income families, randomised to treatment vs. 6-month wait-list group. Retention was 93% at 6 months, 90% at 18 months. Interventions – Webster-Stratton Incredible Years video-based 14-week group programme, teaches cognitive-behavioural principles for managing behaviour, using a collaborative, practical, problem-solving approach. Primary outcomes – child problem behaviour by parent-report (Eyberg) and home-based direct observation; secondary outcomes – observed positive and negative parenting; parent-reported parenting skill, confidence and depression. Results: Post-treatment improvements were found in child problem behaviour, by parent-report (effect size (ES) .48, p = .05) and direct observation (ES .78, p = .02); child independent play (ES .77, p = .003); observed negative (ES .74, p = .003) and positive (ES .38, p = .04) parenting; parent-reported confidence (ES .40, p = .03) and skill (ES .65, p =.01), using ANCOVA to control for baseline scores. Maternal depression did not change. Consumer satisfaction was high. At 18-month follow-up, although no randomised comparison was possible, changes appeared to maintain, with no significant change toward baseline level on any measure. Change in observed positive parenting appeared to mediate change in child problem behaviour (p < .025). Conclusions: Findings suggest that a group-based cognitive-behavioural parenting programme, delivered by well-trained and supervised staff, can be effective in a community voluntary-sector setting, for reducing conduct problems and enhancing parenting skills. Change in parenting skill appears to be a key mechanism for change in child behaviour. Findings have implications for feasibility of translating evidence-based programmes, even for clinically-referred conduct problems, into less specialised community settings, likely to have lower costs and be more accessible for families. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01668.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=802 [article] Randomised controlled trial of a parenting intervention in the voluntary sector for reducing child conduct problems: outcomes and mechanisms of change [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Frances E. M. GARDNER, Auteur ; Jennifer BURTON, Auteur ; Ivana KLIMES, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.1123–1132. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-11 (November 2006) . - p.1123–1132 Mots-clés : Parenting conduct-problems trial-(randomised) mediator voluntary-sector Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: To test effectiveness of a parenting intervention, delivered in a community-based voluntary-sector organisation, for reducing conduct problems in clinically-referred children. Methods: Randomised controlled trial, follow-up at 6, 18 months, assessors blind to treatment status. Participants −76 children referred for conduct problems, aged 2–9, primarily low-income families, randomised to treatment vs. 6-month wait-list group. Retention was 93% at 6 months, 90% at 18 months. Interventions – Webster-Stratton Incredible Years video-based 14-week group programme, teaches cognitive-behavioural principles for managing behaviour, using a collaborative, practical, problem-solving approach. Primary outcomes – child problem behaviour by parent-report (Eyberg) and home-based direct observation; secondary outcomes – observed positive and negative parenting; parent-reported parenting skill, confidence and depression. Results: Post-treatment improvements were found in child problem behaviour, by parent-report (effect size (ES) .48, p = .05) and direct observation (ES .78, p = .02); child independent play (ES .77, p = .003); observed negative (ES .74, p = .003) and positive (ES .38, p = .04) parenting; parent-reported confidence (ES .40, p = .03) and skill (ES .65, p =.01), using ANCOVA to control for baseline scores. Maternal depression did not change. Consumer satisfaction was high. At 18-month follow-up, although no randomised comparison was possible, changes appeared to maintain, with no significant change toward baseline level on any measure. Change in observed positive parenting appeared to mediate change in child problem behaviour (p < .025). Conclusions: Findings suggest that a group-based cognitive-behavioural parenting programme, delivered by well-trained and supervised staff, can be effective in a community voluntary-sector setting, for reducing conduct problems and enhancing parenting skills. Change in parenting skill appears to be a key mechanism for change in child behaviour. Findings have implications for feasibility of translating evidence-based programmes, even for clinically-referred conduct problems, into less specialised community settings, likely to have lower costs and be more accessible for families. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01668.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=802

Which family factors predict children's externalizing behaviors following discharge from psychiatric inpatient treatment? / Joseph C. BLADER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47-11 (November 2006)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-11 (November 2006) . - p.1133–1142 Titre : Which family factors predict children's externalizing behaviors following discharge from psychiatric inpatient treatment? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Joseph C. BLADER, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.1133–1142 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Behavior-disorder family-processes hospitalization longitudinal-studies outcome parenting psychiatric-services Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Objective: Parents' behavior management practices, parental stress, and family environment are highly pertinent to children's conduct problems. Preadolescents' psychiatric hospitalization usually arises because of severe conduct problems, so the relationships of family-related variables to postdischarge functioning warrant investigation. This study examined postdischarge clinical course and select family factors to model outcomes via a) predictors measured at admission, b) predictors measured concurrently with outcome, and c) changes in predictor values from admission through follow-up. Method: In a prospective follow-up of 107 child psychiatry inpatients, caregivers completed rating scales pertaining to their child's behavior, parenting practices, parenting stress, caregiver strain, and their own psychological distress at admission and three, six, and 12 months after discharge. Results: The magnitude of reductions in parenting stress between admission and follow-up bore the strongest relationship to improvements in externalizing behavior. The largest and most sustained decreases in externalizing behavior arose among youngsters whose parents reported high parenting stress at admission and low parenting stress after discharge. By contrast, children whose parents reported low parenting stress at admission and follow-up showed significantly less postdischarge improvement. Parenting stress changes were not attributable to changes in behavioral symptoms. Parenting stress eclipsed relationships between behavior management practices and child outcomes, suggesting that parenting stress might have a mediational role. Conclusions: High initial parenting stress disposed to better outcomes over the year of follow-up. Consistently low stress predicted less improvement. Higher stress at admission may imply more advantageous parent–child relationships or motivation for subsequent persistence with treatment. Interventions that ameliorate high stress may warrant further study. Low parenting stress might signify disengagement, or, alternatively, that parents of some chronically impaired children become rather inured to fluctuations in behavioral problems. If confirmed, further examination of these and other accounts for a relationship between low parenting stress and suboptimal child outcome seems warranted. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01651.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=803 [article] Which family factors predict children's externalizing behaviors following discharge from psychiatric inpatient treatment? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Joseph C. BLADER, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.1133–1142. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-11 (November 2006) . - p.1133–1142 Mots-clés : Behavior-disorder family-processes hospitalization longitudinal-studies outcome parenting psychiatric-services Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Objective: Parents' behavior management practices, parental stress, and family environment are highly pertinent to children's conduct problems. Preadolescents' psychiatric hospitalization usually arises because of severe conduct problems, so the relationships of family-related variables to postdischarge functioning warrant investigation. This study examined postdischarge clinical course and select family factors to model outcomes via a) predictors measured at admission, b) predictors measured concurrently with outcome, and c) changes in predictor values from admission through follow-up. Method: In a prospective follow-up of 107 child psychiatry inpatients, caregivers completed rating scales pertaining to their child's behavior, parenting practices, parenting stress, caregiver strain, and their own psychological distress at admission and three, six, and 12 months after discharge. Results: The magnitude of reductions in parenting stress between admission and follow-up bore the strongest relationship to improvements in externalizing behavior. The largest and most sustained decreases in externalizing behavior arose among youngsters whose parents reported high parenting stress at admission and low parenting stress after discharge. By contrast, children whose parents reported low parenting stress at admission and follow-up showed significantly less postdischarge improvement. Parenting stress changes were not attributable to changes in behavioral symptoms. Parenting stress eclipsed relationships between behavior management practices and child outcomes, suggesting that parenting stress might have a mediational role. Conclusions: High initial parenting stress disposed to better outcomes over the year of follow-up. Consistently low stress predicted less improvement. Higher stress at admission may imply more advantageous parent–child relationships or motivation for subsequent persistence with treatment. Interventions that ameliorate high stress may warrant further study. Low parenting stress might signify disengagement, or, alternatively, that parents of some chronically impaired children become rather inured to fluctuations in behavioral problems. If confirmed, further examination of these and other accounts for a relationship between low parenting stress and suboptimal child outcome seems warranted. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01651.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=803

Visual exploratory behaviour in infancy and novelty seeking in adolescence: two developmentally specific phenotypes of DRD4? / Manfred LAUCHT in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47-11 (November 2006)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-11 (November 2006) . - p.1143–1151 Titre : Visual exploratory behaviour in infancy and novelty seeking in adolescence: two developmentally specific phenotypes of DRD4? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Manfred LAUCHT, Auteur ; Katja BECKER, Auteur ; Martin H. SCHMIDT, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.1143–1151 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Visual-attention dopamine-D4-receptor-gene novelty-seeking adolescence infancy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The present study was designed to investigate the association between visual exploratory behaviour in early infancy, novelty seeking in adolescence, and the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) genotype. Methods: Visual attention was measured in 232 three-month-old infants (114 males, 118 females) from a prospective longitudinal study using a habituation–dishabituation paradigm. At age 15 years, the Junior Temperament and Character Inventory (JTCI/12–18) was administered to assess adolescent novelty seeking. DNA was genotyped for the DRD4 exon III polymorphism. Results: Boys with a higher decrement of visual attention during repeated stimulation in infancy displayed significantly higher JTCI novelty seeking at age 15 years. Furthermore, boys carrying the 7r allele of DRD4 exhibited both greater rates of attention decrement in infancy and higher scores on NS in adolescence. In contrast, no association between DRD4, visual attention and novelty seeking was observed in girls. Conclusions: The present investigation provides further evidence supporting a role of DRD4 in novelty seeking during the course of development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01627.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=804 [article] Visual exploratory behaviour in infancy and novelty seeking in adolescence: two developmentally specific phenotypes of DRD4? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Manfred LAUCHT, Auteur ; Katja BECKER, Auteur ; Martin H. SCHMIDT, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.1143–1151. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-11 (November 2006) . - p.1143–1151 Mots-clés : Visual-attention dopamine-D4-receptor-gene novelty-seeking adolescence infancy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The present study was designed to investigate the association between visual exploratory behaviour in early infancy, novelty seeking in adolescence, and the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) genotype. Methods: Visual attention was measured in 232 three-month-old infants (114 males, 118 females) from a prospective longitudinal study using a habituation–dishabituation paradigm. At age 15 years, the Junior Temperament and Character Inventory (JTCI/12–18) was administered to assess adolescent novelty seeking. DNA was genotyped for the DRD4 exon III polymorphism. Results: Boys with a higher decrement of visual attention during repeated stimulation in infancy displayed significantly higher JTCI novelty seeking at age 15 years. Furthermore, boys carrying the 7r allele of DRD4 exhibited both greater rates of attention decrement in infancy and higher scores on NS in adolescence. In contrast, no association between DRD4, visual attention and novelty seeking was observed in girls. Conclusions: The present investigation provides further evidence supporting a role of DRD4 in novelty seeking during the course of development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01627.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=804

ADHD and delay aversion: the influence of non-temporal stimulation on choice for delayed rewards / Inge ANTROP in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47-11 (November 2006)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-11 (November 2006) . - p.1152–1158 Titre : ADHD and delay aversion: the influence of non-temporal stimulation on choice for delayed rewards Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Inge ANTROP, Auteur ; Herbert ROEYERS, Auteur ; Dieter BAEYENS, Auteur ; Pieter STOCK, Auteur ; Sylvie VERTE, Auteur ; Jan R. WIERSEMA, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.1152–1158 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Delay-aversion Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Delay aversion, the motivation to escape or avoid delay, results in preference for small immediate over large delayed rewards. Delay aversion has been proposed as one distinctive psychological process that may underlie the behavioural symptoms and cognitive deficits of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Furthermore, the delay aversion hypothesis predicts that ADHD children's preference for immediate small over large delayed rewards will be reduced when stimulation, which makes time appear to pass more quickly, is added to the delay interval. The current paper tests these predictions. Methods: A group of children with a diagnosis of ADHD (with or without oppositional defiant disorder (ODD)), a group with a diagnosis of high-functioning autism (HFA), and a normal control group were compared on an experimental paradigm giving repeated choices between small immediate and large delayed rewards (Maudsley Index of Delay Aversion–MIDA) under two conditions (stimulation and no stimulation). Results: As predicted, ADHD children displayed a stronger preference than the HFA and control children for the small immediate rewards under the no-stimulation condition. The ADHD children preferences were normalised under the stimulation condition with no differences between the groups. This pattern of results was the same whether the ADHD children had comorbid ODD or not. Discussion: The findings from the MIDA are consistent with the delay aversion hypothesis of ADHD in showing that preference for small immediate rewards over large delayed rewards is a specific feature of ADHD and that this preference can be reduced by the addition of stimulation. Further research is required to better understand the emotional and motivational mechanisms underpinning delay aversion. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01619.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=805 [article] ADHD and delay aversion: the influence of non-temporal stimulation on choice for delayed rewards [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Inge ANTROP, Auteur ; Herbert ROEYERS, Auteur ; Dieter BAEYENS, Auteur ; Pieter STOCK, Auteur ; Sylvie VERTE, Auteur ; Jan R. WIERSEMA, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.1152–1158. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-11 (November 2006) . - p.1152–1158 Mots-clés : Delay-aversion Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Delay aversion, the motivation to escape or avoid delay, results in preference for small immediate over large delayed rewards. Delay aversion has been proposed as one distinctive psychological process that may underlie the behavioural symptoms and cognitive deficits of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Furthermore, the delay aversion hypothesis predicts that ADHD children's preference for immediate small over large delayed rewards will be reduced when stimulation, which makes time appear to pass more quickly, is added to the delay interval. The current paper tests these predictions. Methods: A group of children with a diagnosis of ADHD (with or without oppositional defiant disorder (ODD)), a group with a diagnosis of high-functioning autism (HFA), and a normal control group were compared on an experimental paradigm giving repeated choices between small immediate and large delayed rewards (Maudsley Index of Delay Aversion–MIDA) under two conditions (stimulation and no stimulation). Results: As predicted, ADHD children displayed a stronger preference than the HFA and control children for the small immediate rewards under the no-stimulation condition. The ADHD children preferences were normalised under the stimulation condition with no differences between the groups. This pattern of results was the same whether the ADHD children had comorbid ODD or not. Discussion: The findings from the MIDA are consistent with the delay aversion hypothesis of ADHD in showing that preference for small immediate rewards over large delayed rewards is a specific feature of ADHD and that this preference can be reduced by the addition of stimulation. Further research is required to better understand the emotional and motivational mechanisms underpinning delay aversion. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01619.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=805

Impaired balance in developmental dyslexia? A meta-analysis of the contending evidence / Kim S.H. ROCHELLE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47-11 (November 2006)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-11 (November 2006) . - p.1159–1166 Titre : Impaired balance in developmental dyslexia? A meta-analysis of the contending evidence Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kim S.H. ROCHELLE, Auteur ; Joel B. TALCOTT, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.1159–1166 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Meta-analysis dyslexia attention-deficit/hyperactivity-disorder balance postural-stability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Developmental dyslexia is typically defined by deficits in phonological skills, but it is also associated with anomalous performance on measures of balance. Although balance assessments are included in several screening batteries for dyslexia, the association between impairments in literacy and deficits in postural stability could be due to the high co-occurrence of dyslexia with other developmental disorders in which impairments of motor behaviour are also prevalent. Methods: We identified 17 published studies that compared balance function between dyslexia and control samples and obtained effect-sizes for each. Contrast and association analyses were used to quantify the influence of hypothesised moderator variables on differences in effects across studies. Results: The mean effect-size of the balance deficit in dyslexia was .64 (95% CI = .44–.78) with heterogeneous findings across the population of studies. Probable co-occurrence of other developmental disorders and variability in intelligence scores in the dyslexia samples were the strongest moderator variables of effect-size. Conclusions: Balance deficits are associated with dyslexia, but these effects are apparently more strongly related to third variables other than to reading ability. Deficits of balance may indicate increased risk of developmental disorder, but are unlikely to be uniquely associated with dyslexia. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01641.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=806 [article] Impaired balance in developmental dyslexia? A meta-analysis of the contending evidence [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kim S.H. ROCHELLE, Auteur ; Joel B. TALCOTT, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.1159–1166. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-11 (November 2006) . - p.1159–1166 Mots-clés : Meta-analysis dyslexia attention-deficit/hyperactivity-disorder balance postural-stability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Developmental dyslexia is typically defined by deficits in phonological skills, but it is also associated with anomalous performance on measures of balance. Although balance assessments are included in several screening batteries for dyslexia, the association between impairments in literacy and deficits in postural stability could be due to the high co-occurrence of dyslexia with other developmental disorders in which impairments of motor behaviour are also prevalent. Methods: We identified 17 published studies that compared balance function between dyslexia and control samples and obtained effect-sizes for each. Contrast and association analyses were used to quantify the influence of hypothesised moderator variables on differences in effects across studies. Results: The mean effect-size of the balance deficit in dyslexia was .64 (95% CI = .44–.78) with heterogeneous findings across the population of studies. Probable co-occurrence of other developmental disorders and variability in intelligence scores in the dyslexia samples were the strongest moderator variables of effect-size. Conclusions: Balance deficits are associated with dyslexia, but these effects are apparently more strongly related to third variables other than to reading ability. Deficits of balance may indicate increased risk of developmental disorder, but are unlikely to be uniquely associated with dyslexia. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01641.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=806

Small body size at birth and behavioural symptoms of ADHD in children aged five to six years / J. LAHTI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47-11 (November 2006)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-11 (November 2006) . - p.1167–1174 Titre : Small body size at birth and behavioural symptoms of ADHD in children aged five to six years Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : J. LAHTI, Auteur ; Katri RAIKKONEN, Auteur ; Eero KAJANTIE, Auteur ; Kati HEINONEN, Auteur ; Anu-Katriina PESONEN, Auteur ; Anna-Liisa JARVENPAA, Auteur ; T. STRANDBERG, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.1167–1174 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Birth-weight ponderal-index head-circumference ADHD attention hyperactivity length-of-gestation term Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Behavioural disorders with a neurodevelopmental background, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), have been associated with a non-optimal foetal environment, reflected in small body size at birth. However, the evidence stems from highly selected groups with birth outcomes biased towards the extreme low end of the distribution in birth weight. Whether a similar association exists among the normal range of term birth is unclear. Methods: The ADHD Rating Scale was filled in by the biological mothers and fathers of children aged five to six years who were born healthy at term. Information on weight (kg), height (cm), head circumference (cm), and gestational age at birth were obtained from hospital records, and the ponderal index (kg/m3), a commonly used measure of thinness, and head circumference-to-length ratio were calculated. Results: Behavioural symptoms of ADHD were predicted by a lower ponderal index, a smaller head circumference, and a smaller head circumference-to-length ratio (β's: −.12 to −.14, p's < .05). Adjustments for length of gestation, mother's age, tobacco and alcohol use during pregnancy, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), or parity, the monthly gross income of the family, child's BMI at the age of five to six years or gender did not change the associations. Conclusion: These results suggest that physiological adaptation in utero, indicated by small body size at birth, within term gestational range may increase the susceptibility to behavioural symptoms of ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01661.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=807 [article] Small body size at birth and behavioural symptoms of ADHD in children aged five to six years [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / J. LAHTI, Auteur ; Katri RAIKKONEN, Auteur ; Eero KAJANTIE, Auteur ; Kati HEINONEN, Auteur ; Anu-Katriina PESONEN, Auteur ; Anna-Liisa JARVENPAA, Auteur ; T. STRANDBERG, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.1167–1174. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-11 (November 2006) . - p.1167–1174 Mots-clés : Birth-weight ponderal-index head-circumference ADHD attention hyperactivity length-of-gestation term Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Behavioural disorders with a neurodevelopmental background, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), have been associated with a non-optimal foetal environment, reflected in small body size at birth. However, the evidence stems from highly selected groups with birth outcomes biased towards the extreme low end of the distribution in birth weight. Whether a similar association exists among the normal range of term birth is unclear. Methods: The ADHD Rating Scale was filled in by the biological mothers and fathers of children aged five to six years who were born healthy at term. Information on weight (kg), height (cm), head circumference (cm), and gestational age at birth were obtained from hospital records, and the ponderal index (kg/m3), a commonly used measure of thinness, and head circumference-to-length ratio were calculated. Results: Behavioural symptoms of ADHD were predicted by a lower ponderal index, a smaller head circumference, and a smaller head circumference-to-length ratio (β's: −.12 to −.14, p's < .05). Adjustments for length of gestation, mother's age, tobacco and alcohol use during pregnancy, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), or parity, the monthly gross income of the family, child's BMI at the age of five to six years or gender did not change the associations. Conclusion: These results suggest that physiological adaptation in utero, indicated by small body size at birth, within term gestational range may increase the susceptibility to behavioural symptoms of ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01661.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=807

Child ADHD and personality/temperament traits of reactive and effortful control, resiliency, and emotionality / Michelle M. MARTEL in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47-11 (November 2006)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-11 (November 2006) . - p.1175–1183 Titre : Child ADHD and personality/temperament traits of reactive and effortful control, resiliency, and emotionality Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Michelle M. MARTEL, Auteur ; Joel T. NIGG, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.1175–1183 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Temperament personality ADHD psychopathology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Models of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) suggest developmental influences may feed into components of the disorder separately from associated disruptive behavior problems. We investigated this in terms of key personality/temperament traits of Reactive and Effortful Control, Resiliency, and Emotionality. Methods: A sample of 179 children (age 6–12, 63% boys), of whom 92 had ADHD, 52 were Controls, and 35 were borderline or not otherwise specified cases of ADHD, were examined. Dispositional trait scores were derived from parent-completed California Q-sort and the Early Adolescent Temperament Questionnaire. Child ADHD symptoms were evaluated using maternal structured diagnostic interview and teacher-completed symptom ratings. Results: Traits were differentially associated with symptoms. Reactive Control was related to hyperactivity-impulsivity as rated by both parents and teachers. Negative Emotionality was related to oppositional-defiance. Resiliency was primarily related to inattention-disorganization as rated by both parents and teachers; Effortful Control was related uniquely to inattention in parent but not teacher data. A moderation effect emerged; the relationship between parent-rated Negative Emotionality and teacher-rated ADHD symptoms was stronger for children with high levels of both Reactive and Effortful Control. Conclusions: Results are interpreted in relation to a two-pathway model of ADHD; regulation problems contribute to the emergence of symptoms of inattention-disorganization, reactive or motivational control problems to the emergence of hyperactivity-impulsivity, and these are distinct from negative affectivity. Children with regulation deficits and a reactive motivational style are especially at risk for the development of ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01629.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=808 [article] Child ADHD and personality/temperament traits of reactive and effortful control, resiliency, and emotionality [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Michelle M. MARTEL, Auteur ; Joel T. NIGG, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.1175–1183. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-11 (November 2006) . - p.1175–1183 Mots-clés : Temperament personality ADHD psychopathology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Models of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) suggest developmental influences may feed into components of the disorder separately from associated disruptive behavior problems. We investigated this in terms of key personality/temperament traits of Reactive and Effortful Control, Resiliency, and Emotionality. Methods: A sample of 179 children (age 6–12, 63% boys), of whom 92 had ADHD, 52 were Controls, and 35 were borderline or not otherwise specified cases of ADHD, were examined. Dispositional trait scores were derived from parent-completed California Q-sort and the Early Adolescent Temperament Questionnaire. Child ADHD symptoms were evaluated using maternal structured diagnostic interview and teacher-completed symptom ratings. Results: Traits were differentially associated with symptoms. Reactive Control was related to hyperactivity-impulsivity as rated by both parents and teachers. Negative Emotionality was related to oppositional-defiance. Resiliency was primarily related to inattention-disorganization as rated by both parents and teachers; Effortful Control was related uniquely to inattention in parent but not teacher data. A moderation effect emerged; the relationship between parent-rated Negative Emotionality and teacher-rated ADHD symptoms was stronger for children with high levels of both Reactive and Effortful Control. Conclusions: Results are interpreted in relation to a two-pathway model of ADHD; regulation problems contribute to the emergence of symptoms of inattention-disorganization, reactive or motivational control problems to the emergence of hyperactivity-impulsivity, and these are distinct from negative affectivity. Children with regulation deficits and a reactive motivational style are especially at risk for the development of ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01629.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=808

Acute neuropsychological effects of methylphenidate in stimulant drug-naïve boys with ADHD II – broader executive and non-executive domains / Sinéad M. RHODES in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47-11 (November 2006)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-11 (November 2006) . - p.1184–1194 Titre : Acute neuropsychological effects of methylphenidate in stimulant drug-naïve boys with ADHD II – broader executive and non-executive domains Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sinéad M. RHODES, Auteur ; David R. COGHILL, Auteur ; Keith MATTHEWS, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.1184–1194 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADHD stimulant methylphenidate cognition executive-functioning self-regulation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Accumulating evidence supports methylphenidate-induced enhancement of neuropsychological functioning in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The present study was designed to investigate the acute effects of the psychostimulant drug, methylphenidate (MPH), on neuropsychological performance in stimulant naïve boys with ADHD. Methods: Seventy-three drug-naïve boys (age 7–15) with ADHD (combined type) completed neuropsychological tasks from the CANTAB battery under randomised, placebo controlled, double-blind conditions following an acute challenge with either placebo (n = 24), .3 (n = 25) or .6 (n = 24) mg/kg oral MPH. Results: MPH did not impair performance on any task. MPH (.6 mg/kg) lengthened response latencies on a task of Spatial Recognition, shortened response times on a Reaction Time task and restored performance on a Delayed Matching to Sample visual, non-working memory task. Contrary to predictions, MPH did not enhance performance on tasks with a prominent executive component, including Go/NoGo, Spatial Working Memory, Stockings of Cambridge and Attentional Set shifting tasks. Conclusions: Acute administration of MPH to drug-naïve boys with ADHD did not impair neuropsychological performance. Acute MPH enhanced performance on some aspects of non-executive functioning. MPH-induced slowing of responding on a relatively complex Spatial Recognition memory task and quickened responding on a reaction time task requiring less cognitive resources suggests that MPH may act by improving self-regulatory ability. MPH may not exert its effects on neuropsychological functioning by enhancing executive processes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01633.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=809 [article] Acute neuropsychological effects of methylphenidate in stimulant drug-naïve boys with ADHD II – broader executive and non-executive domains [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sinéad M. RHODES, Auteur ; David R. COGHILL, Auteur ; Keith MATTHEWS, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.1184–1194. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-11 (November 2006) . - p.1184–1194 Mots-clés : ADHD stimulant methylphenidate cognition executive-functioning self-regulation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Accumulating evidence supports methylphenidate-induced enhancement of neuropsychological functioning in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The present study was designed to investigate the acute effects of the psychostimulant drug, methylphenidate (MPH), on neuropsychological performance in stimulant naïve boys with ADHD. Methods: Seventy-three drug-naïve boys (age 7–15) with ADHD (combined type) completed neuropsychological tasks from the CANTAB battery under randomised, placebo controlled, double-blind conditions following an acute challenge with either placebo (n = 24), .3 (n = 25) or .6 (n = 24) mg/kg oral MPH. Results: MPH did not impair performance on any task. MPH (.6 mg/kg) lengthened response latencies on a task of Spatial Recognition, shortened response times on a Reaction Time task and restored performance on a Delayed Matching to Sample visual, non-working memory task. Contrary to predictions, MPH did not enhance performance on tasks with a prominent executive component, including Go/NoGo, Spatial Working Memory, Stockings of Cambridge and Attentional Set shifting tasks. Conclusions: Acute administration of MPH to drug-naïve boys with ADHD did not impair neuropsychological performance. Acute MPH enhanced performance on some aspects of non-executive functioning. MPH-induced slowing of responding on a relatively complex Spatial Recognition memory task and quickened responding on a reaction time task requiring less cognitive resources suggests that MPH may act by improving self-regulatory ability. MPH may not exert its effects on neuropsychological functioning by enhancing executive processes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01633.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=809

Learning at school and in real-life: providing an optimal setting for children / Aribert ROTHENBERGER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47-11 (November 2006)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-11 (November 2006) . - p.1083–1084 Titre : Learning at school and in real-life: providing an optimal setting for children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Aribert ROTHENBERGER, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.1083–1084 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01691.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=423 [article] Learning at school and in real-life: providing an optimal setting for children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Aribert ROTHENBERGER, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.1083–1084. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-11 (November 2006) . - p.1083–1084 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01691.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=423