Brief Report: Adults with Autism are Less Accurate at Predicting How Their Personality Traits are Evaluated by Unfamiliar Observers / Noah J. SASSON in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48-6 (June 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-6 (June 2018) . - p.2243-2248 Titre : Brief Report: Adults with Autism are Less Accurate at Predicting How Their Personality Traits are Evaluated by Unfamiliar Observers Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Noah J. SASSON, Auteur ; Kerrianne E. MORRISON, Auteur ; Amy E. PINKHAM, Auteur ; Daniel J. FASO, Auteur ; Michael CHMIELEWSKI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2243-2248 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adults  Meta-accuracy  Meta-perception  Personality  Social cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Social cognitive impairments in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are well-documented, yet little research has examined whether ASD is also characterized by difficulties in meta-perception, or the ability to gauge how one is perceived. In this study, ASD and TD adults (N = 22) largely did not differ on the self-perception of their personality traits or on how they expected to be perceived by unfamiliar observers. However adults with ASD were rated less favorably by TD observers (N = 412) on 19 out of 20 personality items, and adults with ASD were less accurate at predicting how they would be perceived. These findings suggest impaired meta-perception in ASD that may serve as a potential mechanism through which reduced social cognitive ability contributes to social impairment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3487-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=362 [article] Brief Report: Adults with Autism are Less Accurate at Predicting How Their Personality Traits are Evaluated by Unfamiliar Observers [texte imprimé] / Noah J. SASSON, Auteur ; Kerrianne E. MORRISON, Auteur ; Amy E. PINKHAM, Auteur ; Daniel J. FASO, Auteur ; Michael CHMIELEWSKI, Auteur . - p.2243-2248. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-6 (June 2018) . - p.2243-2248 Mots-clés : Adults  Meta-accuracy  Meta-perception  Personality  Social cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Social cognitive impairments in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are well-documented, yet little research has examined whether ASD is also characterized by difficulties in meta-perception, or the ability to gauge how one is perceived. In this study, ASD and TD adults (N = 22) largely did not differ on the self-perception of their personality traits or on how they expected to be perceived by unfamiliar observers. However adults with ASD were rated less favorably by TD observers (N = 412) on 19 out of 20 personality items, and adults with ASD were less accurate at predicting how they would be perceived. These findings suggest impaired meta-perception in ASD that may serve as a potential mechanism through which reduced social cognitive ability contributes to social impairment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3487-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=362

Distinct profiles of social skill in adults with autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia / Kerrianne E. MORRISON in Autism Research, 10-5 (May 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-5 (May 2017) . - p.878-887 Titre : Distinct profiles of social skill in adults with autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Kerrianne E. MORRISON, Auteur ; Amy E. PINKHAM, Auteur ; David L. PENN, Auteur ; Skylar KELSVEN, Auteur ; Kelsey LUDWIG, Auteur ; Noah J. SASSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.878-887 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : social skills  social interaction  social cognition  social behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Overlapping social impairments in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Schizophrenia (SCZ) contributed to decades of diagnostic confusion that continues to this day in some clinical settings. The current study provides the first direct and detailed comparison of social behavior in the two disorders by identifying profiles of social skill in adults with ASD (n = 54), SCZ (n = 54), and typically developing (TD) controls (n = 56) during a real-world social interaction. ASD and SCZ groups exhibited poorer social skill, both overall and on most discrete abilities, relative to the TD group. Direct comparison of ASD to SCZ revealed distinct behavioral profiles, with ASD uniquely characterized by fewer interactive behaviors, and SCZ characterized by greater impaired gaze and flat/inappropriate affective responses. Additionally, IQ was associated with both overall social skill and many discrete social skills in SCZ, but was largely unrelated to social skill in ASD. These results indicate that overlapping social deficits in ASD and SCZ are comprised of both shared and distinct social skill impairments. The largest distinctions—reduced social reciprocity but better expressivity in ASD relative to SCZ, and a greater role of IQ in social skill for SCZ than ASD—highlight disorder-specific features that can improve etiological understanding, diagnostic differentiation, and treatment strategies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1734 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=307 [article] Distinct profiles of social skill in adults with autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia [texte imprimé] / Kerrianne E. MORRISON, Auteur ; Amy E. PINKHAM, Auteur ; David L. PENN, Auteur ; Skylar KELSVEN, Auteur ; Kelsey LUDWIG, Auteur ; Noah J. SASSON, Auteur . - p.878-887. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-5 (May 2017) . - p.878-887 Mots-clés : social skills  social interaction  social cognition  social behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Overlapping social impairments in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Schizophrenia (SCZ) contributed to decades of diagnostic confusion that continues to this day in some clinical settings. The current study provides the first direct and detailed comparison of social behavior in the two disorders by identifying profiles of social skill in adults with ASD (n = 54), SCZ (n = 54), and typically developing (TD) controls (n = 56) during a real-world social interaction. ASD and SCZ groups exhibited poorer social skill, both overall and on most discrete abilities, relative to the TD group. Direct comparison of ASD to SCZ revealed distinct behavioral profiles, with ASD uniquely characterized by fewer interactive behaviors, and SCZ characterized by greater impaired gaze and flat/inappropriate affective responses. Additionally, IQ was associated with both overall social skill and many discrete social skills in SCZ, but was largely unrelated to social skill in ASD. These results indicate that overlapping social deficits in ASD and SCZ are comprised of both shared and distinct social skill impairments. The largest distinctions—reduced social reciprocity but better expressivity in ASD relative to SCZ, and a greater role of IQ in social skill for SCZ than ASD—highlight disorder-specific features that can improve etiological understanding, diagnostic differentiation, and treatment strategies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1734 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=307

First impressions of adults with autism improve with diagnostic disclosure and increased autism knowledge of peers / Noah J. SASSON in Autism, 23-1 (January 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 23-1 (January 2019) . - p.50-59 Titre : First impressions of adults with autism improve with diagnostic disclosure and increased autism knowledge of peers Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Noah J. SASSON, Auteur ; Kerrianne E. MORRISON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.50-59 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adults  autism  diagnostic disclosure  first impressions  social-skills interventions  aspergers syndrome  functioning autism  spectrum disorder  college-students  young-adults  stigma  awareness  participation  adolescents  Psychology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A practical consideration for many intellectually able adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is whether to disclose their diagnostic status or try to mask their autistic characteristics to avoid judgment and discrimination. Here, we assessed first impressions of adults with ASD and typically developing controls (N = 40) made by typically developing observers (N = 215) when their diagnostic status was either withheld, accurately provided, or inaccurately provided. First impressions were less favorable for ASD participants compared to typically developing controls across a range of judgments, but were significantly more positive when accurately labeled as ASD compared to when no label was provided, when mislabeled as typically developing, or when mislabeled as having schizophrenia. For typically developing participants, ratings did not change when accurately labeled but improved when mislabeled as ASD. Greater autistic traits for the ASD and typically developing participants were associated with less favorable first impressions, and females were rated more favorably than males. Autism knowledge of the raters, but not age, IQ, or autistic traits, was positively associated with more favorable impressions of ASD participants. Collectively, these findings suggest that first impressions for intellectually able adults with ASD improve with diagnostic disclosure and increased autism understanding on the part of peers. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361317729526 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=379 [article] First impressions of adults with autism improve with diagnostic disclosure and increased autism knowledge of peers [texte imprimé] / Noah J. SASSON, Auteur ; Kerrianne E. MORRISON, Auteur . - p.50-59. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 23-1 (January 2019) . - p.50-59 Mots-clés : adults  autism  diagnostic disclosure  first impressions  social-skills interventions  aspergers syndrome  functioning autism  spectrum disorder  college-students  young-adults  stigma  awareness  participation  adolescents  Psychology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A practical consideration for many intellectually able adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is whether to disclose their diagnostic status or try to mask their autistic characteristics to avoid judgment and discrimination. Here, we assessed first impressions of adults with ASD and typically developing controls (N = 40) made by typically developing observers (N = 215) when their diagnostic status was either withheld, accurately provided, or inaccurately provided. First impressions were less favorable for ASD participants compared to typically developing controls across a range of judgments, but were significantly more positive when accurately labeled as ASD compared to when no label was provided, when mislabeled as typically developing, or when mislabeled as having schizophrenia. For typically developing participants, ratings did not change when accurately labeled but improved when mislabeled as ASD. Greater autistic traits for the ASD and typically developing participants were associated with less favorable first impressions, and females were rated more favorably than males. Autism knowledge of the raters, but not age, IQ, or autistic traits, was positively associated with more favorable impressions of ASD participants. Collectively, these findings suggest that first impressions for intellectually able adults with ASD improve with diagnostic disclosure and increased autism understanding on the part of peers. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361317729526 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=379

Outcomes of real-world social interaction for autistic adults paired with autistic compared to typically developing partners / Kerrianne E. MORRISON in Autism, 24-5 (July 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-5 (July 2020) . - p.1067-1080 Titre : Outcomes of real-world social interaction for autistic adults paired with autistic compared to typically developing partners Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Kerrianne E. MORRISON, Auteur ; Kilee M. DEBRABANDER, Auteur ; Desiree R. JONES, Auteur ; Daniel J. FASO, Auteur ; Robert A. ACKERMAN, Auteur ; Noah J. SASSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1067-1080 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adults  autism spectrum disorder  double empathy  first impressions  social interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Differences in social communication and interaction styles between autistic and typically developing have been studied in isolation and not in the context of real-world social interaction. The current study addresses this "blind spot" by examining whether real-world social interaction quality for autistic adults differs when interacting with typically developing relative to autistic partners. Participants (67 autism spectrum disorder, 58 typically developing) were assigned to one of three dyadic partnerships (autism-autism: n = 22; typically developing-typically developing: n = 23; autism-typically developing: n = 25; 55 complete dyads, 15 partial dyads) in which they completed a 5-min unstructured conversation with an unfamiliar person and then assessed the quality of the interaction and their impressions of their partner. Although autistic adults were rated as more awkward, less attractive, and less socially warm than typically developing adults by both typically developing and autistic partners, only typically developing adults expressed greater interest in future interactions with typically developing relative to autistic partners. In contrast, autistic participants trended toward an interaction preference for other autistic adults and reported disclosing more about themselves to autistic compared to typically developing partners. These results suggest that social affiliation may increase for autistic adults when partnered with other autistic people, and support reframing social interaction difficulties in autism as a relational rather than an individual impairment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319892701 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=426 [article] Outcomes of real-world social interaction for autistic adults paired with autistic compared to typically developing partners [texte imprimé] / Kerrianne E. MORRISON, Auteur ; Kilee M. DEBRABANDER, Auteur ; Desiree R. JONES, Auteur ; Daniel J. FASO, Auteur ; Robert A. ACKERMAN, Auteur ; Noah J. SASSON, Auteur . - p.1067-1080. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-5 (July 2020) . - p.1067-1080 Mots-clés : adults  autism spectrum disorder  double empathy  first impressions  social interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Differences in social communication and interaction styles between autistic and typically developing have been studied in isolation and not in the context of real-world social interaction. The current study addresses this "blind spot" by examining whether real-world social interaction quality for autistic adults differs when interacting with typically developing relative to autistic partners. Participants (67 autism spectrum disorder, 58 typically developing) were assigned to one of three dyadic partnerships (autism-autism: n = 22; typically developing-typically developing: n = 23; autism-typically developing: n = 25; 55 complete dyads, 15 partial dyads) in which they completed a 5-min unstructured conversation with an unfamiliar person and then assessed the quality of the interaction and their impressions of their partner. Although autistic adults were rated as more awkward, less attractive, and less socially warm than typically developing adults by both typically developing and autistic partners, only typically developing adults expressed greater interest in future interactions with typically developing relative to autistic partners. In contrast, autistic participants trended toward an interaction preference for other autistic adults and reported disclosing more about themselves to autistic compared to typically developing partners. These results suggest that social affiliation may increase for autistic adults when partnered with other autistic people, and support reframing social interaction difficulties in autism as a relational rather than an individual impairment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319892701 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=426

Psychometric Evaluation of Social Cognitive Measures for Adults with Autism / Kerrianne E. MORRISON in Autism Research, 12-5 (May 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 12-5 (May 2019) . - p.766-778 Titre : Psychometric Evaluation of Social Cognitive Measures for Adults with Autism Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Kerrianne E. MORRISON, Auteur ; Amy E. PINKHAM, Auteur ; Skylar KELSVEN, Auteur ; Kelsey LUDWIG, Auteur ; David L. PENN, Auteur ; Noah J. SASSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.766-778 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adults  autism spectrum disorder  reliability  social social cognition  validity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although social cognition is frequently identified as a target in clinical trials and psychosocial interventions for adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), these efforts are hampered by a lack of consensus and validation of social cognitive measures. The current study provides psychometric evaluation of 11 frequently used measures encompassing different subdomains of social cognition. Adults with autism (N = 103) and typically developing controls (N = 95) completed 11 commonly used social cognitive tasks spanning the domains of emotion processing, social perception, and mentalizing/theory of mind. We examined each measure's internal reliability and sensitivity to group differences, how performance related to general intellectual ability, and alignment of measures with a proposed two-factor structure of social cognition in ASD. Controls outperformed the ASD group on 8 of the 11 social cognitive tasks, with the largest group differences occurring on two mentalizing measures, The awareness of social inference task (TASIT) and hinting task. In ASD, all tasks demonstrated strong internal consistency and avoided ceiling and floor effects. Social cognitive performance was also related to, but not redundant with, intellectual functioning. We also found support for a two-factor structure of social cognition, with basic social perception and emotional processing aligning into a lower-order social perception factor, while mentalizing tasks aligned into a higher-order social appraisal factor. In sum, eight tasks showed adequate to strong psychometric properties. The psychometric data, effect size estimates, and correlations between measures reported here can be used for study planning for social cognitive interventions in autism. Autism Research 2019, 12: 766-778. (c) 2019 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: We examined 11 tasks that measure how adults with autism perceive and interpret social information. Eight of the tasks were reliable and showed lower performance in adults with autism compared to typically-developing controls. Task performance was related to but distinguishable from IQ. These measures evaluated here may be useful in assessing the effectiveness of interventions and treatments to improve social abilities in adults with autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2084 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=397 [article] Psychometric Evaluation of Social Cognitive Measures for Adults with Autism [texte imprimé] / Kerrianne E. MORRISON, Auteur ; Amy E. PINKHAM, Auteur ; Skylar KELSVEN, Auteur ; Kelsey LUDWIG, Auteur ; David L. PENN, Auteur ; Noah J. SASSON, Auteur . - p.766-778. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 12-5 (May 2019) . - p.766-778 Mots-clés : adults  autism spectrum disorder  reliability  social social cognition  validity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although social cognition is frequently identified as a target in clinical trials and psychosocial interventions for adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), these efforts are hampered by a lack of consensus and validation of social cognitive measures. The current study provides psychometric evaluation of 11 frequently used measures encompassing different subdomains of social cognition. Adults with autism (N = 103) and typically developing controls (N = 95) completed 11 commonly used social cognitive tasks spanning the domains of emotion processing, social perception, and mentalizing/theory of mind. We examined each measure's internal reliability and sensitivity to group differences, how performance related to general intellectual ability, and alignment of measures with a proposed two-factor structure of social cognition in ASD. Controls outperformed the ASD group on 8 of the 11 social cognitive tasks, with the largest group differences occurring on two mentalizing measures, The awareness of social inference task (TASIT) and hinting task. In ASD, all tasks demonstrated strong internal consistency and avoided ceiling and floor effects. Social cognitive performance was also related to, but not redundant with, intellectual functioning. We also found support for a two-factor structure of social cognition, with basic social perception and emotional processing aligning into a lower-order social perception factor, while mentalizing tasks aligned into a higher-order social appraisal factor. In sum, eight tasks showed adequate to strong psychometric properties. The psychometric data, effect size estimates, and correlations between measures reported here can be used for study planning for social cognitive interventions in autism. Autism Research 2019, 12: 766-778. (c) 2019 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: We examined 11 tasks that measure how adults with autism perceive and interpret social information. Eight of the tasks were reliable and showed lower performance in adults with autism compared to typically-developing controls. Task performance was related to but distinguishable from IQ. These measures evaluated here may be useful in assessing the effectiveness of interventions and treatments to improve social abilities in adults with autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2084 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=397

Social cognition as a predictor of functional and social skills in autistic adults without intellectual disability / Noah J. SASSON in Autism Research, 13-2 (February 2020)  

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The content and function of interests in the broad autism phenotype / Kerrianne E. MORRISON in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 49 (May 2018)  

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Variability in first impressions of autistic adults made by neurotypical raters is driven more by characteristics of the rater than by characteristics of autistic adults / Kerrianne E. MORRISON in Autism, 23-7 (October 2019)  

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