Distinct profiles of social skill in adults with autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia / Kerrianne E. MORRISON in Autism Research, 10-5 (May 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-5 (May 2017) . - p.878-887 Titre : Distinct profiles of social skill in adults with autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kerrianne E. MORRISON, Auteur ; Amy E. PINKHAM, Auteur ; David L. PENN, Auteur ; Skylar KELSVEN, Auteur ; Kelsey LUDWIG, Auteur ; Noah J. SASSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.878-887 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : social skills  social interaction  social cognition  social behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Overlapping social impairments in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Schizophrenia (SCZ) contributed to decades of diagnostic confusion that continues to this day in some clinical settings. The current study provides the first direct and detailed comparison of social behavior in the two disorders by identifying profiles of social skill in adults with ASD (n?=?54), SCZ (n?=?54), and typically developing (TD) controls (n?=?56) during a real-world social interaction. ASD and SCZ groups exhibited poorer social skill, both overall and on most discrete abilities, relative to the TD group. Direct comparison of ASD to SCZ revealed distinct behavioral profiles, with ASD uniquely characterized by fewer interactive behaviors, and SCZ characterized by greater impaired gaze and flat/inappropriate affective responses. Additionally, IQ was associated with both overall social skill and many discrete social skills in SCZ, but was largely unrelated to social skill in ASD. These results indicate that overlapping social deficits in ASD and SCZ are comprised of both shared and distinct social skill impairments. The largest distinctions—reduced social reciprocity but better expressivity in ASD relative to SCZ, and a greater role of IQ in social skill for SCZ than ASD—highlight disorder-specific features that can improve etiological understanding, diagnostic differentiation, and treatment strategies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1734 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=307 [article] Distinct profiles of social skill in adults with autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kerrianne E. MORRISON, Auteur ; Amy E. PINKHAM, Auteur ; David L. PENN, Auteur ; Skylar KELSVEN, Auteur ; Kelsey LUDWIG, Auteur ; Noah J. SASSON, Auteur . - p.878-887. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-5 (May 2017) . - p.878-887 Mots-clés : social skills  social interaction  social cognition  social behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Overlapping social impairments in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Schizophrenia (SCZ) contributed to decades of diagnostic confusion that continues to this day in some clinical settings. The current study provides the first direct and detailed comparison of social behavior in the two disorders by identifying profiles of social skill in adults with ASD (n?=?54), SCZ (n?=?54), and typically developing (TD) controls (n?=?56) during a real-world social interaction. ASD and SCZ groups exhibited poorer social skill, both overall and on most discrete abilities, relative to the TD group. Direct comparison of ASD to SCZ revealed distinct behavioral profiles, with ASD uniquely characterized by fewer interactive behaviors, and SCZ characterized by greater impaired gaze and flat/inappropriate affective responses. Additionally, IQ was associated with both overall social skill and many discrete social skills in SCZ, but was largely unrelated to social skill in ASD. These results indicate that overlapping social deficits in ASD and SCZ are comprised of both shared and distinct social skill impairments. The largest distinctions—reduced social reciprocity but better expressivity in ASD relative to SCZ, and a greater role of IQ in social skill for SCZ than ASD—highlight disorder-specific features that can improve etiological understanding, diagnostic differentiation, and treatment strategies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1734 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=307

The content and function of interests in the broad autism phenotype / Kerrianne E. MORRISON in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 49 (May 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 49 (May 2018) . - p.25-33 Titre : The content and function of interests in the broad autism phenotype Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kerrianne E. MORRISON, Auteur ; Lacey K. CHAMBERS, Auteur ; Daniel J. FASO, Auteur ; Noah J. SASSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.25-33 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Broad autism phenotype  Circumscribed interests  Interests  Adults Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The Broad Autism Phenotype (BAP) refers to mild characteristics of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) that extend beyond the threshold of diagnosis into the general population. Individuals with BAP traits exhibit reduced social skill and social cognitive ability relative to individuals without these traits, but the degree to which non-social aspects of ASD extend to the BAP has received considerably less attention. The current study examined whether a prominent non-social characteristic of ASD, circumscribed interests (CIs), are qualitatively similar in the BAP. Method Typically-developing adults (N?=?174) categorized as either BAP positive (n?=?49) or BAP negative (n?=?125) on the Broad Autism Phenotype Questionnaire rated their subjective emotional responses to images of common CIs and non-CIs (i.e., interests not commonly reported in ASD). Participants also completed the Interests Scale measuring the number of their current interests and the intensity with which they pursue their primary interest. Results BAP positive adults rated CIs more arousing (i.e., more energizing) and non-CIs lower on valence (i.e., less pleasurable) compared to BAP negative adults. Additionally, BAP positive males but not females showed higher valence responses for CIs relative to their BAP negative counterparts. BAP positive adults also endorsed more CIs than BAP negative adults on the Interests Scale, and reported greater intensity and inflexibility when engaging with their primary interest. Conclusions These findings suggest that many aspects of the content and function of CIs reported for autism extend to the BAP in the general population in a milder form. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.02.002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=340 [article] The content and function of interests in the broad autism phenotype [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kerrianne E. MORRISON, Auteur ; Lacey K. CHAMBERS, Auteur ; Daniel J. FASO, Auteur ; Noah J. SASSON, Auteur . - p.25-33. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 49 (May 2018) . - p.25-33 Mots-clés : Broad autism phenotype  Circumscribed interests  Interests  Adults Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The Broad Autism Phenotype (BAP) refers to mild characteristics of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) that extend beyond the threshold of diagnosis into the general population. Individuals with BAP traits exhibit reduced social skill and social cognitive ability relative to individuals without these traits, but the degree to which non-social aspects of ASD extend to the BAP has received considerably less attention. The current study examined whether a prominent non-social characteristic of ASD, circumscribed interests (CIs), are qualitatively similar in the BAP. Method Typically-developing adults (N?=?174) categorized as either BAP positive (n?=?49) or BAP negative (n?=?125) on the Broad Autism Phenotype Questionnaire rated their subjective emotional responses to images of common CIs and non-CIs (i.e., interests not commonly reported in ASD). Participants also completed the Interests Scale measuring the number of their current interests and the intensity with which they pursue their primary interest. Results BAP positive adults rated CIs more arousing (i.e., more energizing) and non-CIs lower on valence (i.e., less pleasurable) compared to BAP negative adults. Additionally, BAP positive males but not females showed higher valence responses for CIs relative to their BAP negative counterparts. BAP positive adults also endorsed more CIs than BAP negative adults on the Interests Scale, and reported greater intensity and inflexibility when engaging with their primary interest. Conclusions These findings suggest that many aspects of the content and function of CIs reported for autism extend to the BAP in the general population in a milder form. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.02.002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=340

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