Dépouillements

Annotation: Neurofeedback – train your brain to train behaviour / Hartmut HEINRICH in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-1 (January 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-1 (January 2007) . - p.3–16 Titre : Annotation: Neurofeedback – train your brain to train behaviour Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Hartmut HEINRICH, Auteur ; Holger GEVENSLEBEN, Auteur ; Ute STREHL, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.3–16 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Neurofeedback electroencephalogram-(EEG) frequency-bands slow-cortical-potentials-(SCPs) attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-(ADHD) epilepsy self-regulation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Neurofeedback (NF) is a form of behavioural training aimed at developing skills for self-regulation of brain activity. Within the past decade, several NF studies have been published that tend to overcome the methodological shortcomings of earlier studies. This annotation describes the methodical basis of NF and reviews the evidence base for its clinical efficacy and effectiveness in neuropsychiatric disorders. Methods: In NF training, self-regulation of specific aspects of electrical brain activity is acquired by means of immediate feedback and positive reinforcement. In frequency training, activity in different EEG frequency bands has to be decreased or increased. Training of slow cortical potentials (SCPs) addresses the regulation of cortical excitability. Results: NF studies revealed paradigm-specific effects on, e.g., attention and memory processes and performance improvements in real-life conditions, in healthy subjects as well as in patients. In several studies it was shown that children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) improved behavioural and cognitive variables after frequency (e.g., theta/beta) training or SCP training. Neurophysiological effects could also be measured. However, specific and unspecific training effects could not be disentangled in these studies. For drug-resistant patients with epilepsy, significant and long-lasting decreases of seizure frequency and intensity through SCP training were documented in a series of studies. For other child psychiatric disorders (e.g., tic disorders, anxiety, and autism) only preliminary investigations are available. Conclusions: There is growing evidence for NF as a valuable treatment module in neuropsychiatric disorders. Further, controlled studies are necessary to establish clinical efficacy and effectiveness and to learn more about the mechanisms underlying successful training. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01665.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=925 [article] Annotation: Neurofeedback – train your brain to train behaviour [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Hartmut HEINRICH, Auteur ; Holger GEVENSLEBEN, Auteur ; Ute STREHL, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.3–16. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-1 (January 2007) . - p.3–16 Mots-clés : Neurofeedback electroencephalogram-(EEG) frequency-bands slow-cortical-potentials-(SCPs) attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-(ADHD) epilepsy self-regulation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Neurofeedback (NF) is a form of behavioural training aimed at developing skills for self-regulation of brain activity. Within the past decade, several NF studies have been published that tend to overcome the methodological shortcomings of earlier studies. This annotation describes the methodical basis of NF and reviews the evidence base for its clinical efficacy and effectiveness in neuropsychiatric disorders. Methods: In NF training, self-regulation of specific aspects of electrical brain activity is acquired by means of immediate feedback and positive reinforcement. In frequency training, activity in different EEG frequency bands has to be decreased or increased. Training of slow cortical potentials (SCPs) addresses the regulation of cortical excitability. Results: NF studies revealed paradigm-specific effects on, e.g., attention and memory processes and performance improvements in real-life conditions, in healthy subjects as well as in patients. In several studies it was shown that children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) improved behavioural and cognitive variables after frequency (e.g., theta/beta) training or SCP training. Neurophysiological effects could also be measured. However, specific and unspecific training effects could not be disentangled in these studies. For drug-resistant patients with epilepsy, significant and long-lasting decreases of seizure frequency and intensity through SCP training were documented in a series of studies. For other child psychiatric disorders (e.g., tic disorders, anxiety, and autism) only preliminary investigations are available. Conclusions: There is growing evidence for NF as a valuable treatment module in neuropsychiatric disorders. Further, controlled studies are necessary to establish clinical efficacy and effectiveness and to learn more about the mechanisms underlying successful training. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01665.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=925

Early adolescent outcomes for institutionally-deprived and non-deprived adoptees. I: Disinhibited attachment / Michael RUTTER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-1 (January 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-1 (January 2007) . - p.17–30 Titre : Early adolescent outcomes for institutionally-deprived and non-deprived adoptees. I: Disinhibited attachment Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Michael RUTTER, Auteur ; Suzanne E. STEVENS, Auteur ; Amanda HAWKINS, Auteur ; Christine GROOTHUES, Auteur ; Jenny CASTLE, Auteur ; Celia BECKETT, Auteur ; Jana KREPPNER, Auteur ; Emma COLVERT, Auteur ; Thomas G. O'CONNOR, Auteur ; Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.17–30 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Disinhibited-attachment ‘Strange-Situation’ prognosis investigator-ratings institutional-rearing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Disinhibited attachment is an important sequel of an institutional rearing, but questions remain regarding its measurement, its persistence, the specificity of the association with institutional rearing and on whether or not it constitutes a meaningful disorder. Method: Children initially reared in profoundly depriving institutions in Romania and subsequently adopted into UK families were compared with respect to findings at 11 years with children who had not experienced institutional deprivation and who had been adopted within the UK before the age of 6 months. Measures included parental reports, a Strange Situation procedure modified for use in the home and systematic standardised investigator ratings of the children's behaviour. Results: Disinhibited attachment, as reported by parents, showed a high degree of persistence from 6 to 11, but also a reduction over time in its frequency. Investigator ratings validated the parental reports but suggested that much of the fall in rate of disinhibited attachment was a function of the parental measure being less developmentally appropriate at 11 than it had been at 6. Disinhibited attachment was strongly associated with institutional rearing but there was not a significant increase in relation to duration of institutional deprivation beyond the age of 6 months. Mild, but not marked, disinhibited attachment was quite frequent in non-institutionalised adopted children but both the course and correlates indicated that its meaning was probably quite different. In the institution-reared children, disinhibited attachment was associated with a marked increase in service usage and associations with other forms of psychopathology. Conclusions: Disinhibited attachment constitutes a valid, and handicapping, clinical pattern that is strongly associated with an institutional rearing. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01688.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=926 [article] Early adolescent outcomes for institutionally-deprived and non-deprived adoptees. I: Disinhibited attachment [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Michael RUTTER, Auteur ; Suzanne E. STEVENS, Auteur ; Amanda HAWKINS, Auteur ; Christine GROOTHUES, Auteur ; Jenny CASTLE, Auteur ; Celia BECKETT, Auteur ; Jana KREPPNER, Auteur ; Emma COLVERT, Auteur ; Thomas G. O'CONNOR, Auteur ; Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.17–30. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-1 (January 2007) . - p.17–30 Mots-clés : Disinhibited-attachment ‘Strange-Situation’ prognosis investigator-ratings institutional-rearing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Disinhibited attachment is an important sequel of an institutional rearing, but questions remain regarding its measurement, its persistence, the specificity of the association with institutional rearing and on whether or not it constitutes a meaningful disorder. Method: Children initially reared in profoundly depriving institutions in Romania and subsequently adopted into UK families were compared with respect to findings at 11 years with children who had not experienced institutional deprivation and who had been adopted within the UK before the age of 6 months. Measures included parental reports, a Strange Situation procedure modified for use in the home and systematic standardised investigator ratings of the children's behaviour. Results: Disinhibited attachment, as reported by parents, showed a high degree of persistence from 6 to 11, but also a reduction over time in its frequency. Investigator ratings validated the parental reports but suggested that much of the fall in rate of disinhibited attachment was a function of the parental measure being less developmentally appropriate at 11 than it had been at 6. Disinhibited attachment was strongly associated with institutional rearing but there was not a significant increase in relation to duration of institutional deprivation beyond the age of 6 months. Mild, but not marked, disinhibited attachment was quite frequent in non-institutionalised adopted children but both the course and correlates indicated that its meaning was probably quite different. In the institution-reared children, disinhibited attachment was associated with a marked increase in service usage and associations with other forms of psychopathology. Conclusions: Disinhibited attachment constitutes a valid, and handicapping, clinical pattern that is strongly associated with an institutional rearing. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01688.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=926

Early adolescent outcomes of institutionally-deprived and non-deprived adoptees. II: Language as a protective factor and a vulnerable outcome / Carla CROFT in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-1 (January 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-1 (January 2007) . - p.31–44 Titre : Early adolescent outcomes of institutionally-deprived and non-deprived adoptees. II: Language as a protective factor and a vulnerable outcome Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Carla CROFT, Auteur ; Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur ; Suzanne E. STEVENS, Auteur ; Amanda HAWKINS, Auteur ; Christine GROOTHUES, Auteur ; Jenny CASTLE, Auteur ; Celia BECKETT, Auteur ; Jana KREPPNER, Auteur ; Emma COLVERT, Auteur ; Michael RUTTER, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.31–44 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Language cognition institutional-deprivation sensitive-period longitudinal-study resilience intelligence adoption Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is uncertainty about the extent to which language skills are part of general intelligence and even more uncertainty on whether deprivation has differential effects on language and non-language skills. Methods: Language and cognitive outcomes at 6 and 11 years of age were compared between a sample of 132 institution-reared Romanian children adopted into UK families under the age of 42 months, and a sample of 49 children adopted within the UK under the age of 6 months who had not experienced either institutional rearing or profound deprivation. Results: The effects of institutional deprivation were basically similar for language and cognitive outcomes at age 6; in both there were few negative effects of deprivation if it ended before the age of 6 months and there was no linear association with duration of deprivation within the 6 to 42 month range. For the children over 18 months on arrival (range 18–42 months), the presence of even very minimal language skills (imitation of speech sounds) at the time of arrival was a strong beneficial prognostic factor for language and cognitive outcomes, but not for social/emotional/behavioural outcomes. Individual variations in adoptive parent characteristics were unrelated to differences in language or cognitive outcomes, possibly as a consequence of the limited variability in the adoptive family group. Conclusions: Minimal language probably indexes some form of cognitive reserve that, in turn, indexes the degree of institutional deprivation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01689.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=927 [article] Early adolescent outcomes of institutionally-deprived and non-deprived adoptees. II: Language as a protective factor and a vulnerable outcome [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Carla CROFT, Auteur ; Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur ; Suzanne E. STEVENS, Auteur ; Amanda HAWKINS, Auteur ; Christine GROOTHUES, Auteur ; Jenny CASTLE, Auteur ; Celia BECKETT, Auteur ; Jana KREPPNER, Auteur ; Emma COLVERT, Auteur ; Michael RUTTER, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.31–44. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-1 (January 2007) . - p.31–44 Mots-clés : Language cognition institutional-deprivation sensitive-period longitudinal-study resilience intelligence adoption Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is uncertainty about the extent to which language skills are part of general intelligence and even more uncertainty on whether deprivation has differential effects on language and non-language skills. Methods: Language and cognitive outcomes at 6 and 11 years of age were compared between a sample of 132 institution-reared Romanian children adopted into UK families under the age of 42 months, and a sample of 49 children adopted within the UK under the age of 6 months who had not experienced either institutional rearing or profound deprivation. Results: The effects of institutional deprivation were basically similar for language and cognitive outcomes at age 6; in both there were few negative effects of deprivation if it ended before the age of 6 months and there was no linear association with duration of deprivation within the 6 to 42 month range. For the children over 18 months on arrival (range 18–42 months), the presence of even very minimal language skills (imitation of speech sounds) at the time of arrival was a strong beneficial prognostic factor for language and cognitive outcomes, but not for social/emotional/behavioural outcomes. Individual variations in adoptive parent characteristics were unrelated to differences in language or cognitive outcomes, possibly as a consequence of the limited variability in the adoptive family group. Conclusions: Minimal language probably indexes some form of cognitive reserve that, in turn, indexes the degree of institutional deprivation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01689.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=927

The effects of maternal social phobia on mother–infant interactions and infant social responsiveness / Lynne MURRAY in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-1 (January 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-1 (January 2007) . - p.45–52 Titre : The effects of maternal social phobia on mother–infant interactions and infant social responsiveness Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lynne MURRAY, Auteur ; Peter J. COOPER, Auteur ; Cathy CRESWELL, Auteur ; Elizabeth SCHOFIELD, Auteur ; Caroline SACK, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.45–52 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Anxiety social-phobia parenting mother–infant-interactions irritability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Social phobia aggregates in families. The genetic contribution to intergenerational transmission is modest, and parenting is considered important. Research on the effects of social phobia on parenting has been subject to problems of small sample size, heterogeneity of samples and lack of specificity of observational frameworks. We addressed these problems in the current study. Methods: We assessed mothers with social phobia (N = 84) and control mothers (N = 89) at 10 weeks in face-to-face interactions with their infants, and during a social challenge, namely, engaging with a stranger. We also assessed mothers with generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) (N = 50). We examined the contribution to infant social responsiveness of early infant characteristics (neonatal irritability), as well as maternal behaviour. Results: Mothers with social phobia were no less sensitive to their infants during face-to-face interactions than control mothers, but when interacting with the stranger they appeared more anxious, engaged less with the stranger themselves, and were less encouraging of the infant's interaction with the stranger; infants of index mothers also showed reduced social responsiveness to the stranger. These differences did not apply to mothers with GAD and their infants. Regression analyses showed that the reduction in social responsiveness in infants of mothers with social phobia was predicted by neonatal irritability and the degree to which the mother encouraged the infant to interact with the stranger. Conclusions: Mothers with social phobia show specific parenting difficulties, and their infants show early signs of reduced social responsiveness that are related to both individual infant differences and a lack of maternal encouragement to engage in social interactions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01657.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=928 [article] The effects of maternal social phobia on mother–infant interactions and infant social responsiveness [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lynne MURRAY, Auteur ; Peter J. COOPER, Auteur ; Cathy CRESWELL, Auteur ; Elizabeth SCHOFIELD, Auteur ; Caroline SACK, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.45–52. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-1 (January 2007) . - p.45–52 Mots-clés : Anxiety social-phobia parenting mother–infant-interactions irritability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Social phobia aggregates in families. The genetic contribution to intergenerational transmission is modest, and parenting is considered important. Research on the effects of social phobia on parenting has been subject to problems of small sample size, heterogeneity of samples and lack of specificity of observational frameworks. We addressed these problems in the current study. Methods: We assessed mothers with social phobia (N = 84) and control mothers (N = 89) at 10 weeks in face-to-face interactions with their infants, and during a social challenge, namely, engaging with a stranger. We also assessed mothers with generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) (N = 50). We examined the contribution to infant social responsiveness of early infant characteristics (neonatal irritability), as well as maternal behaviour. Results: Mothers with social phobia were no less sensitive to their infants during face-to-face interactions than control mothers, but when interacting with the stranger they appeared more anxious, engaged less with the stranger themselves, and were less encouraging of the infant's interaction with the stranger; infants of index mothers also showed reduced social responsiveness to the stranger. These differences did not apply to mothers with GAD and their infants. Regression analyses showed that the reduction in social responsiveness in infants of mothers with social phobia was predicted by neonatal irritability and the degree to which the mother encouraged the infant to interact with the stranger. Conclusions: Mothers with social phobia show specific parenting difficulties, and their infants show early signs of reduced social responsiveness that are related to both individual infant differences and a lack of maternal encouragement to engage in social interactions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01657.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=928

Forms and functions of school refusal behavior in youth: an empirical analysis of absenteeism severity / Christopher A. KEARNEY in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-1 (January 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-1 (January 2007) . - p.53–61 Titre : Forms and functions of school refusal behavior in youth: an empirical analysis of absenteeism severity Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Christopher A. KEARNEY, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.53–61 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : School-attendance school-refusal school-children school anxiety truancy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : School refusal behavior is a particularly nettlesome problem for mental health and education professionals because of its symptom severity and heterogeneity as well as lack of consensus regarding inclusive classification strategies. Alternatively, a functional model of school refusal behavior may provide a particularly useful way of organizing, assessing, and treating this population. Method: The present study included 222 youths aged 5–17 years (134 males, 88 females) with school refusal behavior and their parents. Participants were assessed at a specialized university-based clinic for youths with school refusal behavior. Child self-report and parent-based measures of forms of behavior related to school refusal as well as functions of school refusal behavior were employed. Results: Hierarchical regression analysis and structural equation modeling revealed that function was a better determinant of degree of school absenteeism than behavior form. Conclusions: Assessing the function of school refusal behavior is likely a key factor in the evaluation of this population and may be linked to informed decisions about choice of treatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01634.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=929 [article] Forms and functions of school refusal behavior in youth: an empirical analysis of absenteeism severity [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Christopher A. KEARNEY, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.53–61. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-1 (January 2007) . - p.53–61 Mots-clés : School-attendance school-refusal school-children school anxiety truancy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : School refusal behavior is a particularly nettlesome problem for mental health and education professionals because of its symptom severity and heterogeneity as well as lack of consensus regarding inclusive classification strategies. Alternatively, a functional model of school refusal behavior may provide a particularly useful way of organizing, assessing, and treating this population. Method: The present study included 222 youths aged 5–17 years (134 males, 88 females) with school refusal behavior and their parents. Participants were assessed at a specialized university-based clinic for youths with school refusal behavior. Child self-report and parent-based measures of forms of behavior related to school refusal as well as functions of school refusal behavior were employed. Results: Hierarchical regression analysis and structural equation modeling revealed that function was a better determinant of degree of school absenteeism than behavior form. Conclusions: Assessing the function of school refusal behavior is likely a key factor in the evaluation of this population and may be linked to informed decisions about choice of treatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01634.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=929

The prevalence of mental health problems in children 1½ years of age – the Copenhagen Child Cohort 2000 / Anne Mette SKOVGAARD in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-1 (January 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-1 (January 2007) . - p.62–70 Titre : The prevalence of mental health problems in children 1½ years of age – the Copenhagen Child Cohort 2000 Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Anne Mette SKOVGAARD, Auteur ; Tine HOUMANN, Auteur ; Eva CHRISTIANSEN, Auteur ; Susanne LANDORPH, Auteur ; Torben JORGENSEN, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.62–70 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Prevalence infant–toddler psychopathology birth-cohort risks infancy comorbidity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Copenhagen Child Cohort, CCC 2000, was established to investigate developmental psychopathology prospectively from birth in a general population. Methods: A random sample of 211 children from the CCC 2000 was investigated when the children were 1½ years of age. The prevalence and associates of mental health problems and psychopathology were studied by clinical and standardised strategies, including videotape recordings, parent interviews and the following instruments: The Child Behavior Check List 1½–5 (CBCL 1½–5), The Infant Toddler Symptom Check List (ITSCL), Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (CHAT), Bayley Scales of Infant Development II (BSID II), The Parent Child Early Relationship Assessment (PC ERA) and Parent Infant Relationship Global Assessment Scale (PIR-GAS). Results: Mental health problems according to International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) and Diagnostic Classification Zero to Three (DC 0–3) diagnoses were found in 16–18% of 1½-year-old children. Most common were disturbances of emotion, behaviour and eating and the DC 0–3 diagnosis of regulatory disorder. Parent–child relationship disturbances were found in 8%. High psychosocial risk was significantly associated with emotional and behavioural disorders (OR 3.1 95% (1.2–8.1)) and disturbed parent–child relationship (OR 5.0 95% (1.6–16.0)). The strongest association of risk was found between relationship disorders and emotional and behavioural disorders (OR 11.6 95% (3.8–37.5)). Conclusions: The prevalence and distribution of psychopathology in 1½-year-old children seem to correspond to the distributions among older children. Disturbances in parent–child relationship have a key position in the risk mechanisms in early child psychopathology. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01659.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=930 [article] The prevalence of mental health problems in children 1½ years of age – the Copenhagen Child Cohort 2000 [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Anne Mette SKOVGAARD, Auteur ; Tine HOUMANN, Auteur ; Eva CHRISTIANSEN, Auteur ; Susanne LANDORPH, Auteur ; Torben JORGENSEN, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.62–70. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-1 (January 2007) . - p.62–70 Mots-clés : Prevalence infant–toddler psychopathology birth-cohort risks infancy comorbidity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Copenhagen Child Cohort, CCC 2000, was established to investigate developmental psychopathology prospectively from birth in a general population. Methods: A random sample of 211 children from the CCC 2000 was investigated when the children were 1½ years of age. The prevalence and associates of mental health problems and psychopathology were studied by clinical and standardised strategies, including videotape recordings, parent interviews and the following instruments: The Child Behavior Check List 1½–5 (CBCL 1½–5), The Infant Toddler Symptom Check List (ITSCL), Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (CHAT), Bayley Scales of Infant Development II (BSID II), The Parent Child Early Relationship Assessment (PC ERA) and Parent Infant Relationship Global Assessment Scale (PIR-GAS). Results: Mental health problems according to International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) and Diagnostic Classification Zero to Three (DC 0–3) diagnoses were found in 16–18% of 1½-year-old children. Most common were disturbances of emotion, behaviour and eating and the DC 0–3 diagnosis of regulatory disorder. Parent–child relationship disturbances were found in 8%. High psychosocial risk was significantly associated with emotional and behavioural disorders (OR 3.1 95% (1.2–8.1)) and disturbed parent–child relationship (OR 5.0 95% (1.6–16.0)). The strongest association of risk was found between relationship disorders and emotional and behavioural disorders (OR 11.6 95% (3.8–37.5)). Conclusions: The prevalence and distribution of psychopathology in 1½-year-old children seem to correspond to the distributions among older children. Disturbances in parent–child relationship have a key position in the risk mechanisms in early child psychopathology. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01659.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=930

Psychopathology, temperament and unintentional injury: cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships / Richard ROWE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-1 (January 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-1 (January 2007) . - p.71–79 Titre : Psychopathology, temperament and unintentional injury: cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Richard ROWE, Auteur ; Emily SIMONOFF, Auteur ; Judy L. SILBERG, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.71–79 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADD/ADHD anxiety behavioral-genetics disruptive-behavior temperament unintentional-injuries Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Growing evidence indicates a link between unintentional injury and both disruptive and emotional psychopathology. We present further evidence of these associations and address the underlying mechanisms. We also examine the genetic contribution to unintentional injury. Methods: The Virginia Twin Study of Adolescent Behavioral Development provides genetically informative multi-wave and multi-informant data regarding common psychopathology using the Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment interview. The EASI temperament scales and child injury involvement were measured in parent-report questionnaires. Results: Unintentional injury showed significant genetic effects in girls and significant shared environmental effects in boys and girls. Symptoms of over-anxious disorder (OAD), and the EASI temperament scales were independently associated with injury. Longitudinal modeling showed impulsivity and OAD symptoms were related prospectively to injury involvement. Injuries did not increase risk for later impulsivity or OAD symptoms but were related prospectively to separation anxiety disorder symptoms. Conclusions: Impulsivity and OAD symptoms increased risk of later injury. We discuss the processes that may be involved in these relationships. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01674.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=931 [article] Psychopathology, temperament and unintentional injury: cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Richard ROWE, Auteur ; Emily SIMONOFF, Auteur ; Judy L. SILBERG, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.71–79. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-1 (January 2007) . - p.71–79 Mots-clés : ADD/ADHD anxiety behavioral-genetics disruptive-behavior temperament unintentional-injuries Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Growing evidence indicates a link between unintentional injury and both disruptive and emotional psychopathology. We present further evidence of these associations and address the underlying mechanisms. We also examine the genetic contribution to unintentional injury. Methods: The Virginia Twin Study of Adolescent Behavioral Development provides genetically informative multi-wave and multi-informant data regarding common psychopathology using the Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment interview. The EASI temperament scales and child injury involvement were measured in parent-report questionnaires. Results: Unintentional injury showed significant genetic effects in girls and significant shared environmental effects in boys and girls. Symptoms of over-anxious disorder (OAD), and the EASI temperament scales were independently associated with injury. Longitudinal modeling showed impulsivity and OAD symptoms were related prospectively to injury involvement. Injuries did not increase risk for later impulsivity or OAD symptoms but were related prospectively to separation anxiety disorder symptoms. Conclusions: Impulsivity and OAD symptoms increased risk of later injury. We discuss the processes that may be involved in these relationships. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01674.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=931

Anger/frustration, task persistence, and conduct problems in childhood: a behavioral genetic analysis / Kirby DEATER-DECKARD in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-1 (January 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-1 (January 2007) . - p.80–87 Titre : Anger/frustration, task persistence, and conduct problems in childhood: a behavioral genetic analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kirby DEATER-DECKARD, Auteur ; Stephen A. PETRILL, Auteur ; Lee A. THOMPSON, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.80–87 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Behavior-problems temperament genetics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individual differences in conduct problems arise in part from proneness to anger/frustration and poor self-regulation of behavior. However, the genetic and environmental etiology of these connections is not known. Method: Using a twin design, we examined genetic and environmental covariation underlying the well-documented correlations between anger/frustration, poor attention regulation (i.e., task persistence), and conduct problems in childhood. Participants included 105 pairs of MZ twins and 154 pairs of same-sex DZ twins (4–8 year olds). Independent observers rated child persistence and affect based on behavior during a challenging in-home cognitive and literacy assessment. Teachers and parents provided reports of conduct problems. Results: Persistence, anger/frustration, and conduct problems included moderate heritable and nonshared environmental variance; conduct problems included moderate shared environmental variance as well. Persistence and anger/frustration had independent genetic covariance with conduct problems and nonshared environmental covariance with each other. Conclusions: The findings indicate genetically distinct though inter-related influences linking affective and self-regulatory aspects of temperament with behavior problems in childhood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01653.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=932 [article] Anger/frustration, task persistence, and conduct problems in childhood: a behavioral genetic analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kirby DEATER-DECKARD, Auteur ; Stephen A. PETRILL, Auteur ; Lee A. THOMPSON, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.80–87. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-1 (January 2007) . - p.80–87 Mots-clés : Behavior-problems temperament genetics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individual differences in conduct problems arise in part from proneness to anger/frustration and poor self-regulation of behavior. However, the genetic and environmental etiology of these connections is not known. Method: Using a twin design, we examined genetic and environmental covariation underlying the well-documented correlations between anger/frustration, poor attention regulation (i.e., task persistence), and conduct problems in childhood. Participants included 105 pairs of MZ twins and 154 pairs of same-sex DZ twins (4–8 year olds). Independent observers rated child persistence and affect based on behavior during a challenging in-home cognitive and literacy assessment. Teachers and parents provided reports of conduct problems. Results: Persistence, anger/frustration, and conduct problems included moderate heritable and nonshared environmental variance; conduct problems included moderate shared environmental variance as well. Persistence and anger/frustration had independent genetic covariance with conduct problems and nonshared environmental covariance with each other. Conclusions: The findings indicate genetically distinct though inter-related influences linking affective and self-regulatory aspects of temperament with behavior problems in childhood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01653.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=932

Sleep disruptions and emotional insecurity are pathways of risk for children / Mona EL-SHEIKH in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-1 (January 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-1 (January 2007) . - p.88–96 Titre : Sleep disruptions and emotional insecurity are pathways of risk for children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mona EL-SHEIKH, Auteur ; Joseph A. BUCKHALT, Auteur ; E. Mark CUMMINGS, Auteur ; Peggy KELLER, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.88–96 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Marital-conflict emotional-insecurity children's-sleep adjustment academic-problems Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Sleep problems are prevalent in American children. A critical need is to identify sources and processes related to sleep disruptions and their sequelae. We examined a model linking parental marital conflict and children's emotional insecurity, sleep disruptions, and their adjustment and academic problems. Method: One hundred and sixty-six elementary school children reported on marital conflict and their emotional insecurity, the quantity and quality of children's sleep were examined through actigraphy, and parents and teachers reported on child functioning. Results: In the context of exposure to normative levels of marital conflict, children's emotional insecurity regarding their parents' marital relationship is an intervening variable in the marital conflict–sleep disruptions link. In turn, disruptions in the quality and duration of children's sleep have a negative effect on children's behavioral, emotional, and academic performance. Conclusions: Findings highlight the importance of marital conflict and children's emotional insecurity as variables that can affect a fundamental aspect of biological regulation, sleep, which consequently influences children's adjustment and academic performance. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01604.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=933 [article] Sleep disruptions and emotional insecurity are pathways of risk for children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mona EL-SHEIKH, Auteur ; Joseph A. BUCKHALT, Auteur ; E. Mark CUMMINGS, Auteur ; Peggy KELLER, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.88–96. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-1 (January 2007) . - p.88–96 Mots-clés : Marital-conflict emotional-insecurity children's-sleep adjustment academic-problems Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Sleep problems are prevalent in American children. A critical need is to identify sources and processes related to sleep disruptions and their sequelae. We examined a model linking parental marital conflict and children's emotional insecurity, sleep disruptions, and their adjustment and academic problems. Method: One hundred and sixty-six elementary school children reported on marital conflict and their emotional insecurity, the quantity and quality of children's sleep were examined through actigraphy, and parents and teachers reported on child functioning. Results: In the context of exposure to normative levels of marital conflict, children's emotional insecurity regarding their parents' marital relationship is an intervening variable in the marital conflict–sleep disruptions link. In turn, disruptions in the quality and duration of children's sleep have a negative effect on children's behavioral, emotional, and academic performance. Conclusions: Findings highlight the importance of marital conflict and children's emotional insecurity as variables that can affect a fundamental aspect of biological regulation, sleep, which consequently influences children's adjustment and academic performance. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01604.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=933

'Needs expressed'and 'offers of care': an observational study of mothers with somatisation disorder and their children / Ivona BIALAS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-1 (January 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-1 (January 2007) . - p.97–104 Titre : 'Needs expressed'and 'offers of care': an observational study of mothers with somatisation disorder and their children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ivona BIALAS, Auteur ; Tom K.J. CRAIG, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.97–104 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Somatisation-disorder illness-behaviour parenting environmental-influences-on-the-development-of-psychopathology aetiology parent–child-interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The abnormal illness behaviours characterising somatisation disorder may be learnt responses acquired through exposure to parental illness and health anxiety in childhood. In this observational study we explore this hypothesis by examining patterns of interaction in mothers and their school age children. Method: A sample of 136 mother and child pairs in 3 groups (42 mothers with somatisation disorder, 44 organically ill mothers and 50 healthy mothers) completed a battery of self-report and interview measures. Their interaction in semi-structured play tasks and a meal was videotaped and later analysed for the presence of 'needs' and 'offers of care' by researchers who were blind to maternal group membership. Results: During play, a greater proportion of the children of somatising mothers expressed 'health and safety' needs than did children of other mothers. In contrast, during a meal, these children expressed fewer needs of all types. Children of somatising mothers were more likely than other children to ignore their mothers' offers of care. The somatising mothers expressed more health and safety needs during the meal than did other mothers and were generally less responsive to all needs expressed by their children. Conclusions: Our study suggests that mothers with somatisation disorder and their children interact differently than other mother–child pairs. This finding supports the theory for environmental influences in the development of this disorder. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01637.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=934 [article] 'Needs expressed'and 'offers of care': an observational study of mothers with somatisation disorder and their children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ivona BIALAS, Auteur ; Tom K.J. CRAIG, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.97–104. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-1 (January 2007) . - p.97–104 Mots-clés : Somatisation-disorder illness-behaviour parenting environmental-influences-on-the-development-of-psychopathology aetiology parent–child-interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The abnormal illness behaviours characterising somatisation disorder may be learnt responses acquired through exposure to parental illness and health anxiety in childhood. In this observational study we explore this hypothesis by examining patterns of interaction in mothers and their school age children. Method: A sample of 136 mother and child pairs in 3 groups (42 mothers with somatisation disorder, 44 organically ill mothers and 50 healthy mothers) completed a battery of self-report and interview measures. Their interaction in semi-structured play tasks and a meal was videotaped and later analysed for the presence of 'needs' and 'offers of care' by researchers who were blind to maternal group membership. Results: During play, a greater proportion of the children of somatising mothers expressed 'health and safety' needs than did children of other mothers. In contrast, during a meal, these children expressed fewer needs of all types. Children of somatising mothers were more likely than other children to ignore their mothers' offers of care. The somatising mothers expressed more health and safety needs during the meal than did other mothers and were generally less responsive to all needs expressed by their children. Conclusions: Our study suggests that mothers with somatisation disorder and their children interact differently than other mother–child pairs. This finding supports the theory for environmental influences in the development of this disorder. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01637.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=934

Social-cognition and the broad autism phenotype: identifying genetically meaningful phenotypes / Molly LOSH in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-1 (January 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-1 (January 2007) . - p.105–112 Titre : Social-cognition and the broad autism phenotype: identifying genetically meaningful phenotypes Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Molly LOSH, Auteur ; Joseph PIVEN, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.105–112 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism broad-autism-phenotype social-cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Strong evidence from twin and family studies suggests that the genetic liability to autism may be expressed through personality and language characteristics qualitatively similar, but more subtly expressed than those defining the full syndrome. This study examined behavioral features of this 'broad autism phenotype' (BAP) in relation to performance on a measure of social-cognition in an attempt to tease out this complex clinical picture and identify markers of underlying neuropsychological systems of genetic significance to autism. We hypothesized that mild social-cognitive impairment would be associated with clinically defined social characteristics of the BAP (aloof personality style, lower quality social relationships, and impaired pragmatic language use). Method: Forty-eight parents of individuals with autism (13 of whom were identified as 'aloof'), and 22 control parents, were administered the 'Eyes Test', a social-cognitive measure that taps the ability to read complex psychological states from viewing only the eye region of faces. Results: Whereas social-cognitive ability was unimpaired among parents of autistic children in general, the subgroup of parents defined as 'aloof' displayed significant social-cognitive deficits on the 'Eyes Test'. Impaired social-cognitive ability was associated with low quality of friendships and problems with pragmatic language use, associations which mirror those documented in autism. Conclusions: Findings suggest that social-cognitive impairments co-segregate with conceptually related personality, social, and language features that constitute the BAP, and point towards performance on the Eyes Test as a genetically meaningful endophenotype. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01594.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=935 [article] Social-cognition and the broad autism phenotype: identifying genetically meaningful phenotypes [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Molly LOSH, Auteur ; Joseph PIVEN, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.105–112. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-1 (January 2007) . - p.105–112 Mots-clés : Autism broad-autism-phenotype social-cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Strong evidence from twin and family studies suggests that the genetic liability to autism may be expressed through personality and language characteristics qualitatively similar, but more subtly expressed than those defining the full syndrome. This study examined behavioral features of this 'broad autism phenotype' (BAP) in relation to performance on a measure of social-cognition in an attempt to tease out this complex clinical picture and identify markers of underlying neuropsychological systems of genetic significance to autism. We hypothesized that mild social-cognitive impairment would be associated with clinically defined social characteristics of the BAP (aloof personality style, lower quality social relationships, and impaired pragmatic language use). Method: Forty-eight parents of individuals with autism (13 of whom were identified as 'aloof'), and 22 control parents, were administered the 'Eyes Test', a social-cognitive measure that taps the ability to read complex psychological states from viewing only the eye region of faces. Results: Whereas social-cognitive ability was unimpaired among parents of autistic children in general, the subgroup of parents defined as 'aloof' displayed significant social-cognitive deficits on the 'Eyes Test'. Impaired social-cognitive ability was associated with low quality of friendships and problems with pragmatic language use, associations which mirror those documented in autism. Conclusions: Findings suggest that social-cognitive impairments co-segregate with conceptually related personality, social, and language features that constitute the BAP, and point towards performance on the Eyes Test as a genetically meaningful endophenotype. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01594.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=935

Editorial / Tony CHARMAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-1 (January 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-1 (January 2007) . - p.1–2 Titre : Editorial Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tony CHARMAN, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.1–2 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01719.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=423 [article] Editorial [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tony CHARMAN, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.1–2. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-1 (January 2007) . - p.1–2 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01719.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=423