Chronic bullying victimization across school transitions: The role of genetic and environmental influences / Lucy BOWES in Development and Psychopathology, 25-2 (May 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 25-2 (May 2013) . - p.333-346 Titre : Chronic bullying victimization across school transitions: The role of genetic and environmental influences Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lucy BOWES, Auteur ; Barbara MAUGHAN, Auteur ; Harriet A. BALL, Auteur ; Sania SHAKOOR, Auteur ; Isabelle OUELLET-MORIN, Auteur ; Avshalom CASPI, Auteur ; Terrie E. MOFFITT, Auteur ; Louise ARSENEAULT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.333-346 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We investigated the antecedents and consequences of chronic victimization by bullies across a school transition using a genetically sensitive longitudinal design. Data were from the Environmental Risk Longitudinal Twin Study (E-Risk), an epidemiological cohort of 2,232 children. We used mothers' and children's reports of bullying victimization during primary school and early secondary school. Children who experienced frequent victimization at both time points were classed as “chronic victims” and were found to have an increased risk for mental health problems and academic difficulties compared to children who were bullied only in primary school, children bullied for the first time in secondary school, and never-bullied children. Biometric analyses revealed that stability in victimization over this period was influenced primarily by genetic and shared environmental factors. Regression analyses showed that children's early characteristics such as preexistent adjustment difficulties and IQ predicted chronic versus transitory victimization. Family risk factors for chronic victimization included socioeconomic disadvantage, low maternal warmth, and maltreatment. Our results suggest that bullying intervention programs should consider the role of the victims' behaviors and family background in increasing vulnerability to chronic victimization. Our study highlights the importance of widening antibullying interventions to include families to reduce the likelihood of children entering a pathway toward chronic victimization. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579412001095 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=199 [article] Chronic bullying victimization across school transitions: The role of genetic and environmental influences [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lucy BOWES, Auteur ; Barbara MAUGHAN, Auteur ; Harriet A. BALL, Auteur ; Sania SHAKOOR, Auteur ; Isabelle OUELLET-MORIN, Auteur ; Avshalom CASPI, Auteur ; Terrie E. MOFFITT, Auteur ; Louise ARSENEAULT, Auteur . - p.333-346. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 25-2 (May 2013) . - p.333-346 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We investigated the antecedents and consequences of chronic victimization by bullies across a school transition using a genetically sensitive longitudinal design. Data were from the Environmental Risk Longitudinal Twin Study (E-Risk), an epidemiological cohort of 2,232 children. We used mothers' and children's reports of bullying victimization during primary school and early secondary school. Children who experienced frequent victimization at both time points were classed as “chronic victims” and were found to have an increased risk for mental health problems and academic difficulties compared to children who were bullied only in primary school, children bullied for the first time in secondary school, and never-bullied children. Biometric analyses revealed that stability in victimization over this period was influenced primarily by genetic and shared environmental factors. Regression analyses showed that children's early characteristics such as preexistent adjustment difficulties and IQ predicted chronic versus transitory victimization. Family risk factors for chronic victimization included socioeconomic disadvantage, low maternal warmth, and maltreatment. Our results suggest that bullying intervention programs should consider the role of the victims' behaviors and family background in increasing vulnerability to chronic victimization. Our study highlights the importance of widening antibullying interventions to include families to reduce the likelihood of children entering a pathway toward chronic victimization. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579412001095 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=199

Genetic and environmental influences on victims, bullies and bully-victims in childhood / Harriet A. BALL in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49-1 (January 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 49-1 (January 2008) . - p.104–112 Titre : Genetic and environmental influences on victims, bullies and bully-victims in childhood Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Harriet A. BALL, Auteur ; Terrie E. MOFFITT, Auteur ; Avshalom CASPI, Auteur ; Barbara MAUGHAN, Auteur ; Alan TAYLOR, Auteur ; Louise ARSENEAULT, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.104–112 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Bullying behavioural-genetics epidemiology environmental-influences peer-relationships twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Three groups of children are involved in bullying: victims, bullies and bully-victims who are both bullies and victims of bullying. Understanding the origins of these groups is important since they have elevated emotional and behavioural problems, especially the bully-victims. No research has examined the genetic and environmental influences on these social roles. Method: Mother and teacher reports of victimisation and bullying were collected in a nationally representative cohort of 1,116 families with 10-year-old twins. Model-fitting was used to examine the relative influence of genetics and environments on the liability to be a victim, a bully or a bully-victim. Results: Twelve percent of children were severely bullied as victims, 13% were frequent bullies, and 2.5% were heavily involved as bully-victims. Genetic factors accounted for 73% of the variation in victimisation and 61% of the variation in bullying, with the remainder explained by environmental factors not shared between the twins. The covariation between victim and bully roles (r = .25), which characterises bully-victims, was accounted for by genetic factors only. Some genetic factors influenced both victimisation and bullying, although there were also genetic factors specific to each social role. Conclusions: Children's genetic endowments, as well as their surrounding environments, influence which children become victims, bullies and bully-victims. Future research identifying mediating characteristics that link the genetic and environmental influences to these social roles could provide targets for intervention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01821.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=311 [article] Genetic and environmental influences on victims, bullies and bully-victims in childhood [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Harriet A. BALL, Auteur ; Terrie E. MOFFITT, Auteur ; Avshalom CASPI, Auteur ; Barbara MAUGHAN, Auteur ; Alan TAYLOR, Auteur ; Louise ARSENEAULT, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.104–112. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 49-1 (January 2008) . - p.104–112 Mots-clés : Bullying behavioural-genetics epidemiology environmental-influences peer-relationships twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Three groups of children are involved in bullying: victims, bullies and bully-victims who are both bullies and victims of bullying. Understanding the origins of these groups is important since they have elevated emotional and behavioural problems, especially the bully-victims. No research has examined the genetic and environmental influences on these social roles. Method: Mother and teacher reports of victimisation and bullying were collected in a nationally representative cohort of 1,116 families with 10-year-old twins. Model-fitting was used to examine the relative influence of genetics and environments on the liability to be a victim, a bully or a bully-victim. Results: Twelve percent of children were severely bullied as victims, 13% were frequent bullies, and 2.5% were heavily involved as bully-victims. Genetic factors accounted for 73% of the variation in victimisation and 61% of the variation in bullying, with the remainder explained by environmental factors not shared between the twins. The covariation between victim and bully roles (r = .25), which characterises bully-victims, was accounted for by genetic factors only. Some genetic factors influenced both victimisation and bullying, although there were also genetic factors specific to each social role. Conclusions: Children's genetic endowments, as well as their surrounding environments, influence which children become victims, bullies and bully-victims. Future research identifying mediating characteristics that link the genetic and environmental influences to these social roles could provide targets for intervention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01821.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=311

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