Autistic traits predict performance on the block design / Mary STEWART in Autism, 13-2 (March 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 13-2 (March 2009) . - p.133-142 Titre : Autistic traits predict performance on the block design Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mary STEWART, Auteur ; Jennifer WATSON, Auteur ; Ashlie-Jane ALLCOCK, Auteur ; Talat YAQOOB, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.133-142 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism-Spectrum-Quotient block-design weak-central-coherence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ) has been developed to measure the degree to which an adult with normal intelligence has autistic traits. Although use of the AQ has resulted in a number of important findings, few studies have assessed whether scores predict cognitive aspects of ASD. This study assessed whether AQ scores predicted performance on an adapted block design. The test was adapted with a `whole' and a `segmented' task. High AQ scorers performed better than low scorers on the `whole' task in the block design but performed equivalently on the `segmented' task, as would be predicted in the autism spectrum. These findings add to the evidence showing construct validity for the AQ. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361308098515 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=705 [article] Autistic traits predict performance on the block design [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mary STEWART, Auteur ; Jennifer WATSON, Auteur ; Ashlie-Jane ALLCOCK, Auteur ; Talat YAQOOB, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.133-142. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 13-2 (March 2009) . - p.133-142 Mots-clés : Autism-Spectrum-Quotient block-design weak-central-coherence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ) has been developed to measure the degree to which an adult with normal intelligence has autistic traits. Although use of the AQ has resulted in a number of important findings, few studies have assessed whether scores predict cognitive aspects of ASD. This study assessed whether AQ scores predicted performance on an adapted block design. The test was adapted with a `whole' and a `segmented' task. High AQ scorers performed better than low scorers on the `whole' task in the block design but performed equivalently on the `segmented' task, as would be predicted in the autism spectrum. These findings add to the evidence showing construct validity for the AQ. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361308098515 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=705

Profiling executive dysfunction in adults with autism and comorbid learning disability / Louise BARNARD in Autism, 12-2 (March 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 12-2 (March 2008) . - p.125-141 Titre : Profiling executive dysfunction in adults with autism and comorbid learning disability Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Louise BARNARD, Auteur ; Kevin MULDOON, Auteur ; Reem HASAN, Auteur ; Gregory O'BRIEN, Auteur ; Mary STEWART, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.125-141 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism executive-functioning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Executive dysfunction is thought to be primary to autism. We examined differences in executive function between 20 adults with autism and learning disability and 23 individuals with learning disabilities outside the autistic spectrum. All participants were matched for chronological age and full-scale IQ, and were given a battery of tasks assessing fluency, planning, set-shifting, inhibition and working memory. Analyses of the individual tasks revealed very few significant differences between the two groups. However, analyses of composite scores derived for each executive domain revealed that the group with autism showed impaired performance on the working memory and planning tests. Together, these two measures were sufficient to classify participants into their diagnostic groups significantly better than would be expected by chance (75% of the autism group; 65% of the control group). Executive impairments were neither universal nor exclusive to the autism group, and we suggest that an alternative cognitive theory may better explain the cognitive profile we found. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361307088486 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=331 [article] Profiling executive dysfunction in adults with autism and comorbid learning disability [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Louise BARNARD, Auteur ; Kevin MULDOON, Auteur ; Reem HASAN, Auteur ; Gregory O'BRIEN, Auteur ; Mary STEWART, Auteur . - 2008 . - p.125-141. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 12-2 (March 2008) . - p.125-141 Mots-clés : autism executive-functioning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Executive dysfunction is thought to be primary to autism. We examined differences in executive function between 20 adults with autism and learning disability and 23 individuals with learning disabilities outside the autistic spectrum. All participants were matched for chronological age and full-scale IQ, and were given a battery of tasks assessing fluency, planning, set-shifting, inhibition and working memory. Analyses of the individual tasks revealed very few significant differences between the two groups. However, analyses of composite scores derived for each executive domain revealed that the group with autism showed impaired performance on the working memory and planning tests. Together, these two measures were sufficient to classify participants into their diagnostic groups significantly better than would be expected by chance (75% of the autism group; 65% of the control group). Executive impairments were neither universal nor exclusive to the autism group, and we suggest that an alternative cognitive theory may better explain the cognitive profile we found. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361307088486 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=331

A systematic review: Which psycho-social-environmental factors do autistic students identify as being important for positive experiences in mainstream secondary school? / Marisa MCKINLAY in Autism, 29-3 (March 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 29-3 (March 2025) . - p.566-578 Titre : A systematic review: Which psycho-social-environmental factors do autistic students identify as being important for positive experiences in mainstream secondary school? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Marisa MCKINLAY, Auteur ; David THORPE, Auteur ; Eilidh CAGE, Auteur ; Catherine GRAINGER, Auteur ; Carol JASPER, Auteur ; Mary STEWART, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.566-578 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Mainstream secondary school can be a challenging environment for autistic students, in part due to social and sensory factors. Research to date has focussed on identifying the negative aspects of school experience; however, few studies have identified ... En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241285974 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=550 [article] A systematic review: Which psycho-social-environmental factors do autistic students identify as being important for positive experiences in mainstream secondary school? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Marisa MCKINLAY, Auteur ; David THORPE, Auteur ; Eilidh CAGE, Auteur ; Catherine GRAINGER, Auteur ; Carol JASPER, Auteur ; Mary STEWART, Auteur . - p.566-578. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 29-3 (March 2025) . - p.566-578 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Mainstream secondary school can be a challenging environment for autistic students, in part due to social and sensory factors. Research to date has focussed on identifying the negative aspects of school experience; however, few studies have identified ... En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241285974 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=550

Visual/verbal-analytic reasoning bias as a function of self-reported autistic-like traits. study of typically developing individuals solving Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices / Andrew J.B. FUGARD in Autism, 15-3 (May 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 15-3 (May 2011) . - p.327-340 Titre : Visual/verbal-analytic reasoning bias as a function of self-reported autistic-like traits. study of typically developing individuals solving Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Andrew J.B. FUGARD, Auteur ; Mary STEWART, Auteur ; Keith STENNING, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.327-340 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism-Spectrum Quotient  autistic-like traits  Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices  strategies  typically developing individuals Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : People with autism spectrum condition (ASC) perform well on Raven’s matrices, a test which loads highly on the general factor in intelligence. However, the mechanisms supporting enhanced performance on the test are poorly understood. Evidence is accumulating that milder variants of the ASC phenotype are present in typically developing individuals, and that those who are further along the autistic-like trait spectrum show similar patterns of abilities and impairments as people with clinically diagnosed ASC. We investigated whether self-reported autistic-like traits in a university student sample, assessed using the Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ; Baron-Cohen, Wheelwright, Skinner, et al., 2001), predict performance on Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices. We found that reporting poorer social skills but better attention switching predicted a higher Advanced matrices score overall. DeShon, Chan, and Weissbein (1995) classified Advanced matrices items as requiring a visuospatial, or a verbal-analytic strategy. We hypothesised that higher AQ scores would predict better performance on visuospatial items than on verbal-analytic items. This prediction was confirmed. These results are consistent with the continuum view and can be explained by the enhanced perceptual functioning theory of performance peaks in ASC. The results also confirm a new prediction about Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices performance in people with ASC. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361310371798 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=130 [article] Visual/verbal-analytic reasoning bias as a function of self-reported autistic-like traits. study of typically developing individuals solving Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Andrew J.B. FUGARD, Auteur ; Mary STEWART, Auteur ; Keith STENNING, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.327-340. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 15-3 (May 2011) . - p.327-340 Mots-clés : Autism-Spectrum Quotient  autistic-like traits  Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices  strategies  typically developing individuals Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : People with autism spectrum condition (ASC) perform well on Raven’s matrices, a test which loads highly on the general factor in intelligence. However, the mechanisms supporting enhanced performance on the test are poorly understood. Evidence is accumulating that milder variants of the ASC phenotype are present in typically developing individuals, and that those who are further along the autistic-like trait spectrum show similar patterns of abilities and impairments as people with clinically diagnosed ASC. We investigated whether self-reported autistic-like traits in a university student sample, assessed using the Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ; Baron-Cohen, Wheelwright, Skinner, et al., 2001), predict performance on Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices. We found that reporting poorer social skills but better attention switching predicted a higher Advanced matrices score overall. DeShon, Chan, and Weissbein (1995) classified Advanced matrices items as requiring a visuospatial, or a verbal-analytic strategy. We hypothesised that higher AQ scores would predict better performance on visuospatial items than on verbal-analytic items. This prediction was confirmed. These results are consistent with the continuum view and can be explained by the enhanced perceptual functioning theory of performance peaks in ASC. The results also confirm a new prediction about Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices performance in people with ASC. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361310371798 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=130

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