Dépouillements

Clinical Presentation and Histologic Findings at Ileocolonoscopy in Children with Autistic Spectrum Disorder and Chronic Gastrointestinal Symptoms / Arthur KRIGSMAN in Autism Insights, 2 ([01/01/2010])  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Insights > 2 [01/01/2010] . - p.1-11 Titre : Clinical Presentation and Histologic Findings at Ileocolonoscopy in Children with Autistic Spectrum Disorder and Chronic Gastrointestinal Symptoms Type de document : Application, site Internet Auteurs : Arthur KRIGSMAN, Auteur ; Marvin BORIS, Auteur ; Alan GOLDBLATT, Auteur ; Carol STOTT, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.1-11 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Children with developmental disorders experience chronic gastrointestinal symptoms. Aims: To examine the nature of these gastrointestinal symptoms and histologic findings in children with autism spectrum/developmental disorders and ileocolonic disease. Methods: Chart review. 143 autism spectrum/developmental disorder patients, with chronic gastrointestinal symptoms, undergoing diagnostic ileocolonoscopy. Results: Diarrhea was present in 78%, abdominal pain in 59% and constipation in 36%. Ileal and/or colonic lymphonodular hyperplasia (LNH), defined as the presence of an increased number of enlarged lymphoid follicles, often with hyperactive germinal centers, was present in 73.2%. Terminal ileum LNH presented visually in 67% and histologically in 73%. Colonic LNH was multifocal and presented histologically in 32%. Ileal and/or colonic inflammation presented in 74%, consisting primarily of active or chronic colitis (69%). Ileal inflammation presented in 35%. Presence of LNH significantly predicted mucosal inflammation. Patients with ileal and/or colonic LNH had lower mean/median age than those without; patients with ileal and/or colonic inflammation had lower mean/median age than those without. There was a significant association between ileo and/or colonic inflammation or LNH, and onset of developmental disorder; plateaued or regressive onset conferred greater risk than early onset. Conclusions: Patients with autism or related disorders exhibiting chronic gastrointestinal symptoms demonstrate ileal or colonic inflammation upon light microscopic examination of biopsy tissue. Further work is needed to determine whether resolution of histopathology with appropriate therapy is accompanied by GI symptomatic and cognitive/behavioral improvement. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/AUI.S3252 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=118 [article] Clinical Presentation and Histologic Findings at Ileocolonoscopy in Children with Autistic Spectrum Disorder and Chronic Gastrointestinal Symptoms [Application, site Internet] / Arthur KRIGSMAN, Auteur ; Marvin BORIS, Auteur ; Alan GOLDBLATT, Auteur ; Carol STOTT, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.1-11. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Insights > 2 [01/01/2010] . - p.1-11 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Children with developmental disorders experience chronic gastrointestinal symptoms. Aims: To examine the nature of these gastrointestinal symptoms and histologic findings in children with autism spectrum/developmental disorders and ileocolonic disease. Methods: Chart review. 143 autism spectrum/developmental disorder patients, with chronic gastrointestinal symptoms, undergoing diagnostic ileocolonoscopy. Results: Diarrhea was present in 78%, abdominal pain in 59% and constipation in 36%. Ileal and/or colonic lymphonodular hyperplasia (LNH), defined as the presence of an increased number of enlarged lymphoid follicles, often with hyperactive germinal centers, was present in 73.2%. Terminal ileum LNH presented visually in 67% and histologically in 73%. Colonic LNH was multifocal and presented histologically in 32%. Ileal and/or colonic inflammation presented in 74%, consisting primarily of active or chronic colitis (69%). Ileal inflammation presented in 35%. Presence of LNH significantly predicted mucosal inflammation. Patients with ileal and/or colonic LNH had lower mean/median age than those without; patients with ileal and/or colonic inflammation had lower mean/median age than those without. There was a significant association between ileo and/or colonic inflammation or LNH, and onset of developmental disorder; plateaued or regressive onset conferred greater risk than early onset. Conclusions: Patients with autism or related disorders exhibiting chronic gastrointestinal symptoms demonstrate ileal or colonic inflammation upon light microscopic examination of biopsy tissue. Further work is needed to determine whether resolution of histopathology with appropriate therapy is accompanied by GI symptomatic and cognitive/behavioral improvement. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/AUI.S3252 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=118

Is There a Relationship Between Autism and Gastrointestinal Disease? / A.J. RUSSO in Autism Insights, 2 ([01/01/2010])  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Insights > 2 [01/01/2010] . - p.13-15 Titre : Is There a Relationship Between Autism and Gastrointestinal Disease? Type de document : Application, site Internet Auteurs : A.J. RUSSO, Auteur ; Kylie ANDREWS, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.13-15 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Is gastrointestinal disease more prevalent in children with autism? There are arguments favoring both sides of the controversy. We present data collected from the medical history of a recent Autistic Genetic Resource Exchange (AGRE) database of autistic children and their siblings, demonstrating that autistic children may be significantly more susceptible to overall GI disease, as well as chronic diarrhea and constipation specifically. Many autistic children have GI disease, however, whether this disease is significantly increased in children with autism is still being debated. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/AUI.S4489 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=118 [article] Is There a Relationship Between Autism and Gastrointestinal Disease? [Application, site Internet] / A.J. RUSSO, Auteur ; Kylie ANDREWS, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.13-15. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Insights > 2 [01/01/2010] . - p.13-15 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Is gastrointestinal disease more prevalent in children with autism? There are arguments favoring both sides of the controversy. We present data collected from the medical history of a recent Autistic Genetic Resource Exchange (AGRE) database of autistic children and their siblings, demonstrating that autistic children may be significantly more susceptible to overall GI disease, as well as chronic diarrhea and constipation specifically. Many autistic children have GI disease, however, whether this disease is significantly increased in children with autism is still being debated. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/AUI.S4489 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=118

Gender Ratios in Autism, Asperger Syndrome and Autism Spectrum Disorder / Paul WHITELEY in Autism Insights, 2 ([01/01/2010])  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Insights > 2 [01/01/2010] . - p.17-24 Titre : Gender Ratios in Autism, Asperger Syndrome and Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Application, site Internet Auteurs : Paul WHITELEY, Auteur ; Lynda TODD, Auteur ; Kevin CARR, Auteur ; Paul SHATTOCK, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.17-24 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Skewed sex ratios indicative of a greater preponderance of males over females (approximating 4:1) has perhaps been the most constant collective finding in autism spectrum conditions. More recent investigations have indicated a potential change to traditional estimates of gender ratios. We undertook analysis to calculate contemporaneous gender ratios based on collective and individual sub-diagnoses. A sample of 1963 children diagnosed with autism (n = 460), Asperger syndrome (n = 366) or autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (n = 1137) were included for study. The overall gender ratio based on a year of birth between 1986–2007 was 7.38:1. Differences were found amongst the sub-diagnoses for the same period (autism = 6.54:1, Asperger syndrome = 12.07:1; ASD = 6.84:1). Analysis of annual trends indicated an irregular upwards tendency to gender ratios indicative of increasing over-representation of males with an autism spectrum condition despite no indication of greater disparity in population sex ratios at birth. Further independent studies are required to corroborate our findings. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/AUI.S3938 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=118 [article] Gender Ratios in Autism, Asperger Syndrome and Autism Spectrum Disorder [Application, site Internet] / Paul WHITELEY, Auteur ; Lynda TODD, Auteur ; Kevin CARR, Auteur ; Paul SHATTOCK, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.17-24. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Insights > 2 [01/01/2010] . - p.17-24 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Skewed sex ratios indicative of a greater preponderance of males over females (approximating 4:1) has perhaps been the most constant collective finding in autism spectrum conditions. More recent investigations have indicated a potential change to traditional estimates of gender ratios. We undertook analysis to calculate contemporaneous gender ratios based on collective and individual sub-diagnoses. A sample of 1963 children diagnosed with autism (n = 460), Asperger syndrome (n = 366) or autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (n = 1137) were included for study. The overall gender ratio based on a year of birth between 1986–2007 was 7.38:1. Differences were found amongst the sub-diagnoses for the same period (autism = 6.54:1, Asperger syndrome = 12.07:1; ASD = 6.84:1). Analysis of annual trends indicated an irregular upwards tendency to gender ratios indicative of increasing over-representation of males with an autism spectrum condition despite no indication of greater disparity in population sex ratios at birth. Further independent studies are required to corroborate our findings. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/AUI.S3938 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=118

Reconceptualizing Autism: Moving Beyond the Behavioral to Address Cause, Cure and Prevention / Kerrie SHANDLEY in Autism Insights, 2 ([01/01/2010])  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Insights > 2 [01/01/2010] . - p.25-30 Titre : Reconceptualizing Autism: Moving Beyond the Behavioral to Address Cause, Cure and Prevention Type de document : Application, site Internet Auteurs : Kerrie SHANDLEY, Auteur ; David W. AUSTIN, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.25-30 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Since the publication of Leo Kanner’s seminal paper in 1943, there has been essentially no definitive light shed on the cause, prevention or cure of autism. It is our contention that the reason lies, at least in part, with the original psychiatric conceptualization of the condition and the subsequent acceptance of this framework by health professionals ever since. We suggest an urgent revision of autism as a disease state such that its operationalization in major diagnostic systems such as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and International Classification of Diseases recognizes the biological variables known to be associated with autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/AUI.S4592 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=118 [article] Reconceptualizing Autism: Moving Beyond the Behavioral to Address Cause, Cure and Prevention [Application, site Internet] / Kerrie SHANDLEY, Auteur ; David W. AUSTIN, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.25-30. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Insights > 2 [01/01/2010] . - p.25-30 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Since the publication of Leo Kanner’s seminal paper in 1943, there has been essentially no definitive light shed on the cause, prevention or cure of autism. It is our contention that the reason lies, at least in part, with the original psychiatric conceptualization of the condition and the subsequent acceptance of this framework by health professionals ever since. We suggest an urgent revision of autism as a disease state such that its operationalization in major diagnostic systems such as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and International Classification of Diseases recognizes the biological variables known to be associated with autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/AUI.S4592 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=118

Areas of Language Impairment in Autism / Nataliya KOSTYUK in Autism Insights, 2 ([01/01/2010])  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Insights > 2 [01/01/2010] . - p.31-38 Titre : Areas of Language Impairment in Autism Type de document : Application, site Internet Auteurs : Nataliya KOSTYUK, Auteur ; Raphael D. ISOKPEHI, Auteur ; Rajendram V. RAJNARAYANAN, Auteur ; Tolulola O. OYELEYE, Auteur ; Taunjah P. BELL, Auteur ; Hari Har Parshad COHLY, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.31-38 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The amount of medical literature describing autism spectrum disorder has become a real challenge as the quantity of abstracts deposited in PubMed digital library is constantly growing. Because the major manifestation of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is impairment in language acquisition and communication, we used primary key words “autism” and “language acquisition” to retrieve the relevant literature from PubMed digital library and annotated a collection of 274 abstracts (from December 2008 to 1976) using Knowtator. The objective was to locate secondary key words which in combination with primary key words would enable one to make information retrieval on language development in autism more specific and focused. The discussion provides a brief description of some selected terms and compares language impairment in autism with normal language development. Conclusion: By using the combination of key words one is able to effectively manage the information retrieval and make the research less time consuming. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/AUI.S5556 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=118 [article] Areas of Language Impairment in Autism [Application, site Internet] / Nataliya KOSTYUK, Auteur ; Raphael D. ISOKPEHI, Auteur ; Rajendram V. RAJNARAYANAN, Auteur ; Tolulola O. OYELEYE, Auteur ; Taunjah P. BELL, Auteur ; Hari Har Parshad COHLY, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.31-38. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Insights > 2 [01/01/2010] . - p.31-38 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The amount of medical literature describing autism spectrum disorder has become a real challenge as the quantity of abstracts deposited in PubMed digital library is constantly growing. Because the major manifestation of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is impairment in language acquisition and communication, we used primary key words “autism” and “language acquisition” to retrieve the relevant literature from PubMed digital library and annotated a collection of 274 abstracts (from December 2008 to 1976) using Knowtator. The objective was to locate secondary key words which in combination with primary key words would enable one to make information retrieval on language development in autism more specific and focused. The discussion provides a brief description of some selected terms and compares language impairment in autism with normal language development. Conclusion: By using the combination of key words one is able to effectively manage the information retrieval and make the research less time consuming. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/AUI.S5556 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=118

How Could a Gluten- and Casein-Free Diet Ameliorate Symptoms Associated with Autism Spectrum Conditions? / Paul WHITELEY in Autism Insights, 2 ([01/01/2010])  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Insights > 2 [01/01/2010] . - p.39-53 Titre : How Could a Gluten- and Casein-Free Diet Ameliorate Symptoms Associated with Autism Spectrum Conditions? Type de document : Application, site Internet Auteurs : Paul WHITELEY, Auteur ; Paul SHATTOCK, Auteur ; Kevin CARR, Auteur ; Malcolm HOOPER, Auteur ; Lynda TODD, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.39-53 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is a considerable body of experimental evidence suggesting potential efficacy of a diet devoid of gluten and casein in ameliorating some of the core and peripheral symptoms of autism spectrum conditions. Although phenotypic details of best- and non-responders to dietary change remain under investigation, the range of biological mechanisms implicated during intervention is growing. The question of how diet works remains unanswered. We discuss three prospective modes of action used alone and in combination to explain the effects of a gluten- and casein-free diet on autism spectrum conditions focussed on direct or co-morbid consequences of: i) gluten sensitive enteropathy or coeliac disease, ii) food allergy and/or atopic disease, and iii) underlying hyperpermeability of the gastrointestinal tract (leaky gut) and subsequent passage of biologically-active peptide and related species into the central nervous system. No single theory offers a universal explanation for the biological basis of dietary effectiveness despite individual associations with various cases of autism. Impaired intestinal barrier function is a common denominator and represents a promising area for investigation. Furthermore, a number of key points derived from each model offer testable markers for experimental evaluation onwards to ascertaining potential responsiveness to such dietary intervention in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/AUI.S6275 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=118 [article] How Could a Gluten- and Casein-Free Diet Ameliorate Symptoms Associated with Autism Spectrum Conditions? [Application, site Internet] / Paul WHITELEY, Auteur ; Paul SHATTOCK, Auteur ; Kevin CARR, Auteur ; Malcolm HOOPER, Auteur ; Lynda TODD, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.39-53. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Insights > 2 [01/01/2010] . - p.39-53 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is a considerable body of experimental evidence suggesting potential efficacy of a diet devoid of gluten and casein in ameliorating some of the core and peripheral symptoms of autism spectrum conditions. Although phenotypic details of best- and non-responders to dietary change remain under investigation, the range of biological mechanisms implicated during intervention is growing. The question of how diet works remains unanswered. We discuss three prospective modes of action used alone and in combination to explain the effects of a gluten- and casein-free diet on autism spectrum conditions focussed on direct or co-morbid consequences of: i) gluten sensitive enteropathy or coeliac disease, ii) food allergy and/or atopic disease, and iii) underlying hyperpermeability of the gastrointestinal tract (leaky gut) and subsequent passage of biologically-active peptide and related species into the central nervous system. No single theory offers a universal explanation for the biological basis of dietary effectiveness despite individual associations with various cases of autism. Impaired intestinal barrier function is a common denominator and represents a promising area for investigation. Furthermore, a number of key points derived from each model offer testable markers for experimental evaluation onwards to ascertaining potential responsiveness to such dietary intervention in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/AUI.S6275 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=118