Has the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder phenotype become more common in children between 2004 and 2014? Trends over 10 years from a Swedish general population sample / M. RYDELL in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 59-8 (August 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 59-8 (August 2018) . - p.863-871 Titre : Has the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder phenotype become more common in children between 2004 and 2014? Trends over 10 years from a Swedish general population sample Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : M. RYDELL, Auteur ; S. LUNDSTRÖM, Auteur ; C. GILLBERG, Auteur ; P. LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; H. LARSSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.863-871 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adhd  epidemiology  lifetime prevalence  time trends Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Studies have reported increases in clinically diagnosed and treated attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) during the last decade, but it is unclear if this reflects an increase in the underlying ADHD phenotype. We aimed to clarify if there has been an increase in the prevalence of ADHD-like traits in the general population from 2004 to 2014. METHOD: Data were collected from 9-year-old twins (19,271), participating in the population-based Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden between 2004 and 2014. We assessed lifetime ADHD symptoms using the Autism-Tics, ADHD and other Comorbidities inventory. Research proxies for diagnostic-level ADHD and subthreshold ADHD were derived from this scale. We modeled the lifetime prevalence of diagnostic-level and subthreshold ADHD with logistic regression, and assessed mean ADHD scores each year with linear regression. Lifetime prevalence of clinically diagnosed ADHD was retrieved from the National Patient Register and modeled with logistic regression. RESULTS: The prevalence of diagnostic-level ADHD based on parent ratings did not differ significantly over time from 2004 to 2014 (OR 1.37; 95% CI: 0.77-2.45; p-value .233). Both subthreshold ADHD and mean ADHD scores increased significantly over time (both p-values <.001). Clinically diagnosed ADHD increased more than fivefold from 2004 to 2014 (OR 5.27, 95% CI: 1.85-14.96). CONCLUSIONS: We found no evidence of an increase in ADHD-like traits at the extreme end of the distribution from 2004 to 2014, but small increases in normal and subthreshold variations of ADHD-like traits were observed. This suggests that the increased rates of clinically diagnosed ADHD might reflect changes in diagnostic and treatment practices of ADHD, administrative changes in reporting diagnoses, greater awareness of ADHD, better access to healthcare, or current overdiagnosis, rather than an increase in the ADHD phenotype. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12882 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=368 [article] Has the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder phenotype become more common in children between 2004 and 2014? Trends over 10 years from a Swedish general population sample [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / M. RYDELL, Auteur ; S. LUNDSTRÖM, Auteur ; C. GILLBERG, Auteur ; P. LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; H. LARSSON, Auteur . - p.863-871. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 59-8 (August 2018) . - p.863-871 Mots-clés : Adhd  epidemiology  lifetime prevalence  time trends Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Studies have reported increases in clinically diagnosed and treated attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) during the last decade, but it is unclear if this reflects an increase in the underlying ADHD phenotype. We aimed to clarify if there has been an increase in the prevalence of ADHD-like traits in the general population from 2004 to 2014. METHOD: Data were collected from 9-year-old twins (19,271), participating in the population-based Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden between 2004 and 2014. We assessed lifetime ADHD symptoms using the Autism-Tics, ADHD and other Comorbidities inventory. Research proxies for diagnostic-level ADHD and subthreshold ADHD were derived from this scale. We modeled the lifetime prevalence of diagnostic-level and subthreshold ADHD with logistic regression, and assessed mean ADHD scores each year with linear regression. Lifetime prevalence of clinically diagnosed ADHD was retrieved from the National Patient Register and modeled with logistic regression. RESULTS: The prevalence of diagnostic-level ADHD based on parent ratings did not differ significantly over time from 2004 to 2014 (OR 1.37; 95% CI: 0.77-2.45; p-value .233). Both subthreshold ADHD and mean ADHD scores increased significantly over time (both p-values <.001). Clinically diagnosed ADHD increased more than fivefold from 2004 to 2014 (OR 5.27, 95% CI: 1.85-14.96). CONCLUSIONS: We found no evidence of an increase in ADHD-like traits at the extreme end of the distribution from 2004 to 2014, but small increases in normal and subthreshold variations of ADHD-like traits were observed. This suggests that the increased rates of clinically diagnosed ADHD might reflect changes in diagnostic and treatment practices of ADHD, administrative changes in reporting diagnoses, greater awareness of ADHD, better access to healthcare, or current overdiagnosis, rather than an increase in the ADHD phenotype. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12882 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=368

Sex-specific manifestation of genetic risk for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in the general population / J. MARTIN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 59-8 (August 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 59-8 (August 2018) . - p.908-916 Titre : Sex-specific manifestation of genetic risk for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in the general population Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : J. MARTIN, Auteur ; M. J. TAYLOR, Auteur ; M. RYDELL, Auteur ; L. RIGLIN, Auteur ; O. EYRE, Auteur ; Y. LU, Auteur ; S. LUNDSTRÖM, Auteur ; H. LARSSON, Auteur ; A. THAPAR, Auteur ; P. LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.908-916 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adhd  Alspac  Catss  anxiety  depression  genetics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is more commonly diagnosed in males than in females. A growing body of research suggests that females with ADHD might be underdiagnosed or receive alternative diagnoses, such as anxiety or depression. Other lines of reasoning suggest that females might be protected from developing ADHD, requiring a higher burden of genetic risk to manifest the disorder. METHODS: We tested these two hypotheses, using common variant genetic data from two population-based cohorts. First, we tested whether females and males diagnosed with anxiety or depression differ in terms of their genetic risk for ADHD, assessed as polygenic risk scores (PRS). Second, we tested whether females and males with ADHD differed in ADHD genetic risk burden. We used three different diagnostic definitions: registry-based clinical diagnoses, screening-based research diagnoses and algorithm-based research diagnoses, to investigate possible referral biases. RESULTS: In individuals with a registry-based clinical diagnosis of anxiety or depression, females had higher ADHD PRS than males [OR(CI) = 1.39 (1.12-1.73)] but there was no sex difference for screening-based [OR(CI) = 1.15 (0.94-1.42)] or algorithm-based [OR(CI) = 1.04 (0.89-1.21)] diagnoses. There was also no sex difference in ADHD PRS in individuals with ADHD diagnoses that were registry-based [OR(CI) = 1.04 (0.84-1.30)], screening-based [OR(CI) = 0.96 (0.85-1.08)] or algorithm-based [OR(CI) = 1.15 (0.78-1.68)]. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides genetic evidence that ADHD risk may be more likely to manifest or be diagnosed as anxiety or depression in females than in males. Contrary to some earlier studies, the results do not support increased ADHD genetic risk in females with ADHD as compared to affected males. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12874 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=368 [article] Sex-specific manifestation of genetic risk for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in the general population [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / J. MARTIN, Auteur ; M. J. TAYLOR, Auteur ; M. RYDELL, Auteur ; L. RIGLIN, Auteur ; O. EYRE, Auteur ; Y. LU, Auteur ; S. LUNDSTRÖM, Auteur ; H. LARSSON, Auteur ; A. THAPAR, Auteur ; P. LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur . - p.908-916. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 59-8 (August 2018) . - p.908-916 Mots-clés : Adhd  Alspac  Catss  anxiety  depression  genetics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is more commonly diagnosed in males than in females. A growing body of research suggests that females with ADHD might be underdiagnosed or receive alternative diagnoses, such as anxiety or depression. Other lines of reasoning suggest that females might be protected from developing ADHD, requiring a higher burden of genetic risk to manifest the disorder. METHODS: We tested these two hypotheses, using common variant genetic data from two population-based cohorts. First, we tested whether females and males diagnosed with anxiety or depression differ in terms of their genetic risk for ADHD, assessed as polygenic risk scores (PRS). Second, we tested whether females and males with ADHD differed in ADHD genetic risk burden. We used three different diagnostic definitions: registry-based clinical diagnoses, screening-based research diagnoses and algorithm-based research diagnoses, to investigate possible referral biases. RESULTS: In individuals with a registry-based clinical diagnosis of anxiety or depression, females had higher ADHD PRS than males [OR(CI) = 1.39 (1.12-1.73)] but there was no sex difference for screening-based [OR(CI) = 1.15 (0.94-1.42)] or algorithm-based [OR(CI) = 1.04 (0.89-1.21)] diagnoses. There was also no sex difference in ADHD PRS in individuals with ADHD diagnoses that were registry-based [OR(CI) = 1.04 (0.84-1.30)], screening-based [OR(CI) = 0.96 (0.85-1.08)] or algorithm-based [OR(CI) = 1.15 (0.78-1.68)]. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides genetic evidence that ADHD risk may be more likely to manifest or be diagnosed as anxiety or depression in females than in males. Contrary to some earlier studies, the results do not support increased ADHD genetic risk in females with ADHD as compared to affected males. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12874 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=368

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