Do individuals with high functioning autism have the IQ profile associated with nonverbal learning disability? / Diane L. WILLIAMS in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2-2 (April-June 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 2-2 (April-June 2008) . - p.353-361 Titre : Do individuals with high functioning autism have the IQ profile associated with nonverbal learning disability? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Diane L. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Gerald GOLDSTEIN, Auteur ; Nicole KOJKOWSKI, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.353-361 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Nonverbal-learning-disability Asperger-syndrome Wechsler-intelligence-scales Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previously researchers have noted a high level of occurrence of the IQ profile associated with nonverbal learning disability (NLD) in Asperger syndrome (ASP) but not in high functioning autism (HFA). We examined the IQ profile scores of a large sample of children (n = 69) and adults (n = 77) with HFA, stringently diagnosed according to ADOS, ADI-R, and DSM-IV criteria, and a corresponding sample of typical child (n = 72) and adult controls (n = 107). At least one of the three primary components of the Wechsler pattern seen in NLD were found in 17–26% of the children and 20–32% of the adults with HFA. All three components occurred in slightly more than 5% of the children and adults with autism. Overall, the VIQ > PIQ profile seen in NLD occurred in 18% of the sample of individuals stringently diagnosed with HFA. Therefore, obtaining this IQ profile is not a valid clinical discriminator between NLD and HFA. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2007.08.005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=425 [article] Do individuals with high functioning autism have the IQ profile associated with nonverbal learning disability? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Diane L. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Gerald GOLDSTEIN, Auteur ; Nicole KOJKOWSKI, Auteur . - 2008 . - p.353-361. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 2-2 (April-June 2008) . - p.353-361 Mots-clés : Autism Nonverbal-learning-disability Asperger-syndrome Wechsler-intelligence-scales Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previously researchers have noted a high level of occurrence of the IQ profile associated with nonverbal learning disability (NLD) in Asperger syndrome (ASP) but not in high functioning autism (HFA). We examined the IQ profile scores of a large sample of children (n = 69) and adults (n = 77) with HFA, stringently diagnosed according to ADOS, ADI-R, and DSM-IV criteria, and a corresponding sample of typical child (n = 72) and adult controls (n = 107). At least one of the three primary components of the Wechsler pattern seen in NLD were found in 17–26% of the children and 20–32% of the adults with HFA. All three components occurred in slightly more than 5% of the children and adults with autism. Overall, the VIQ > PIQ profile seen in NLD occurred in 18% of the sample of individuals stringently diagnosed with HFA. Therefore, obtaining this IQ profile is not a valid clinical discriminator between NLD and HFA. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2007.08.005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=425

Self-referenced memory, social cognition, and symptom presentation in autism / Heather A. HENDERSON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50-7 (July 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-7 (July 2009) . - p.853-861 Titre : Self-referenced memory, social cognition, and symptom presentation in autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Heather A. HENDERSON, Auteur ; Peter C. MUNDY, Auteur ; Nicole KOJKOWSKI, Auteur ; Caley B. SCHWARTZ, Auteur ; Anne Pradella INGE, Auteur ; Nicole E. ZAHKA, Auteur ; Drew C. COMAN, Auteur ; Camilla M. HILEMAN, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.853-861 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autistic-disorder self-referenced-memory social-cognition social-symptoms Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: We examined performance on a self-referenced memory (SRM) task for higher-functioning children with autism (HFA) and a matched comparison group. SRM performance was examined in relation to symptom severity and social cognitive tests of mentalizing. Method: Sixty-two children (31 HFA, 31 comparison; 8–16 years) completed a SRM task in which they read a list of words and decided whether the word described something about them, something about Harry Potter, or contained a certain number of letters. They then identified words that were familiar from a longer list. Dependent measures were memory performance (d') in each of the three encoding conditions as well as a self-memory bias score (d' self–d' other). Children completed The Strange Stories Task and The Children's Eyes Test as measures of social cognition. Parents completed the SCQ and ASSQ as measures of symptom severity. Results: Children in the comparison sample showed the standard SRM effect in which they recognized significantly more self-referenced words relative to words in the other-referenced and letter conditions. In contrast, HFA children showed comparable rates of recognition for self- and other-referenced words. For all children, SRM performance improved with age and enhanced SRM performance was related to lower levels of social problems. These associations were not accounted for by performance on the mentalizing tasks. Conclusions: Children with HFA did not show the standard enhanced processing of self- vs. other-relevant information. Individual differences in the tendency to preferentially process self-relevant information may be associated with social cognitive processes that serve to modify the expression of social symptoms in children with autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.02059.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=771 [article] Self-referenced memory, social cognition, and symptom presentation in autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Heather A. HENDERSON, Auteur ; Peter C. MUNDY, Auteur ; Nicole KOJKOWSKI, Auteur ; Caley B. SCHWARTZ, Auteur ; Anne Pradella INGE, Auteur ; Nicole E. ZAHKA, Auteur ; Drew C. COMAN, Auteur ; Camilla M. HILEMAN, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.853-861. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-7 (July 2009) . - p.853-861 Mots-clés : Autistic-disorder self-referenced-memory social-cognition social-symptoms Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: We examined performance on a self-referenced memory (SRM) task for higher-functioning children with autism (HFA) and a matched comparison group. SRM performance was examined in relation to symptom severity and social cognitive tests of mentalizing. Method: Sixty-two children (31 HFA, 31 comparison; 8–16 years) completed a SRM task in which they read a list of words and decided whether the word described something about them, something about Harry Potter, or contained a certain number of letters. They then identified words that were familiar from a longer list. Dependent measures were memory performance (d') in each of the three encoding conditions as well as a self-memory bias score (d' self–d' other). Children completed The Strange Stories Task and The Children's Eyes Test as measures of social cognition. Parents completed the SCQ and ASSQ as measures of symptom severity. Results: Children in the comparison sample showed the standard SRM effect in which they recognized significantly more self-referenced words relative to words in the other-referenced and letter conditions. In contrast, HFA children showed comparable rates of recognition for self- and other-referenced words. For all children, SRM performance improved with age and enhanced SRM performance was related to lower levels of social problems. These associations were not accounted for by performance on the mentalizing tasks. Conclusions: Children with HFA did not show the standard enhanced processing of self- vs. other-relevant information. Individual differences in the tendency to preferentially process self-relevant information may be associated with social cognitive processes that serve to modify the expression of social symptoms in children with autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.02059.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=771

Temperament as a Predictor of Symptomotology and Adaptive Functioning in Adolescents with High-Functioning Autism / Caley B. SCHWARTZ in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 39-6 (June 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 39-6 (June 2009) . - p.842-855 Titre : Temperament as a Predictor of Symptomotology and Adaptive Functioning in Adolescents with High-Functioning Autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Caley B. SCHWARTZ, Auteur ; Peter C. MUNDY, Auteur ; Nicole KOJKOWSKI, Auteur ; Heather A. HENDERSON, Auteur ; Anne Pradella INGE, Auteur ; Nicole E. ZAHKA, Auteur ; Drew C. COMAN, Auteur ; Camilla M. HILEMAN, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.842-855 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : High-functioning-autism Temperament Symptomology Social-emotional-functioning Social-skills Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Variation in temperament is characteristic of all people but is rarely studied as a predictor of individual differences among individuals with autism. Relative to a matched comparison sample, adolescents with High-Functioning Autism (HFA) reported lower levels of Surgency and higher levels of Negative Affectivity. Variability in temperament predicted symptomotology, social skills, and social-emotional outcomes differently for individuals with HFA than for the comparison sample. This study is unique in that temperament was measured by self-report, while all outcome measures were reported by parents. The broader implications of this study suggest that by identifying individual variability in constructs, such as temperament, that may influence adaptive functioning, interventions may be developed to target these constructs and increase the likelihood that individuals with HFA will achieve more adaptive life outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-009-0690-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=758 [article] Temperament as a Predictor of Symptomotology and Adaptive Functioning in Adolescents with High-Functioning Autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Caley B. SCHWARTZ, Auteur ; Peter C. MUNDY, Auteur ; Nicole KOJKOWSKI, Auteur ; Heather A. HENDERSON, Auteur ; Anne Pradella INGE, Auteur ; Nicole E. ZAHKA, Auteur ; Drew C. COMAN, Auteur ; Camilla M. HILEMAN, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.842-855. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 39-6 (June 2009) . - p.842-855 Mots-clés : High-functioning-autism Temperament Symptomology Social-emotional-functioning Social-skills Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Variation in temperament is characteristic of all people but is rarely studied as a predictor of individual differences among individuals with autism. Relative to a matched comparison sample, adolescents with High-Functioning Autism (HFA) reported lower levels of Surgency and higher levels of Negative Affectivity. Variability in temperament predicted symptomotology, social skills, and social-emotional outcomes differently for individuals with HFA than for the comparison sample. This study is unique in that temperament was measured by self-report, while all outcome measures were reported by parents. The broader implications of this study suggest that by identifying individual variability in constructs, such as temperament, that may influence adaptive functioning, interventions may be developed to target these constructs and increase the likelihood that individuals with HFA will achieve more adaptive life outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-009-0690-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=758

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