Pragmatic reasoning in autism / Bart GEURTS

Public ISBD in Thinking, Reasoning, and Decision Making in Autism / Kinga MORSANYI Titre : Pragmatic reasoning in autism Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Bart GEURTS, Auteur ; Mikhail KISSINE, Auteur ; Bob VAN TIEL, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Importance : p.113-134 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PAR-A PAR-A - Fonctionnement Autistique Résumé : One line of explanation which has been particularly influential links the pragmatic deficits in autism with the reduced ability to attribute mental states to oneself and others, an ability that is variously known as “mind reading,” “theory of mind,” “mentalizing,” and “folk psychology. Of course, pragmatic difficulties in autism also surface on the production side, most notably in the management of conversation dynamics and social interaction. Irony may be one of the most complex pragmatic phenomena, as it is defined by a conflict between literal and conveyed meaning, in some respect or other. In some cases at least, reversing the literal interpretation and getting to the ironic meaning requires that the speaker’s intentions be taken into account. Pragmatic theories make various distinctions between types of communicative skills and sub-skills, and there is a certain amount of consensus on what the key distinctions are. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=418 in Thinking, Reasoning, and Decision Making in Autism / Kinga MORSANYI Pragmatic reasoning in autism [texte imprimé] / Bart GEURTS, Auteur ; Mikhail KISSINE, Auteur ; Bob VAN TIEL, Auteur . - 2019 . - p.113-134. Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PAR-A PAR-A - Fonctionnement Autistique Résumé : One line of explanation which has been particularly influential links the pragmatic deficits in autism with the reduced ability to attribute mental states to oneself and others, an ability that is variously known as “mind reading,” “theory of mind,” “mentalizing,” and “folk psychology. Of course, pragmatic difficulties in autism also surface on the production side, most notably in the management of conversation dynamics and social interaction. Irony may be one of the most complex pragmatic phenomena, as it is defined by a conflict between literal and conveyed meaning, in some respect or other. In some cases at least, reversing the literal interpretation and getting to the ironic meaning requires that the speaker’s intentions be taken into account. Pragmatic theories make various distinctions between types of communicative skills and sub-skills, and there is a certain amount of consensus on what the key distinctions are. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=418

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Strategic Deception in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Bob VAN TIEL in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-1 (January 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-1 (January 2021) . - p.255-266 Titre : Strategic Deception in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Bob VAN TIEL, Auteur ; Gaétane DELIENS, Auteur ; Philippine GEELHAND, Auteur ; Anke MURILLO OOSTERWIJK, Auteur ; Mikhail KISSINE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.255-266 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Deception  Perspective-taking  Strategy  Theory of mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is often associated with impaired perspective-taking skills. Deception is an important indicator of perspective-taking, and therefore may be thought to pose difficulties to people with ASD (e.g., Baron-Cohen in J Child Psychol Psychiatry 3:1141-1155, 1992). To test this hypothesis, we asked participants with and without ASD to play a computerised deception game. We found that participants with ASD were equally likely-and in complex cases of deception even more likely-to deceive and detect deception, and learned deception at a faster rate. However, participants with ASD initially deceived less frequently, and were slower at detecting deception. These results suggest that people with ASD readily engage in deception but may do so through conscious and effortful reasoning about other people's perspective. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04525-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=437 [article] Strategic Deception in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder [texte imprimé] / Bob VAN TIEL, Auteur ; Gaétane DELIENS, Auteur ; Philippine GEELHAND, Auteur ; Anke MURILLO OOSTERWIJK, Auteur ; Mikhail KISSINE, Auteur . - p.255-266. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-1 (January 2021) . - p.255-266 Mots-clés : Autism  Deception  Perspective-taking  Strategy  Theory of mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is often associated with impaired perspective-taking skills. Deception is an important indicator of perspective-taking, and therefore may be thought to pose difficulties to people with ASD (e.g., Baron-Cohen in J Child Psychol Psychiatry 3:1141-1155, 1992). To test this hypothesis, we asked participants with and without ASD to play a computerised deception game. We found that participants with ASD were equally likely-and in complex cases of deception even more likely-to deceive and detect deception, and learned deception at a faster rate. However, participants with ASD initially deceived less frequently, and were slower at detecting deception. These results suggest that people with ASD readily engage in deception but may do so through conscious and effortful reasoning about other people's perspective. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04525-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=437

The role of gender in the perception of autism symptom severity and future behavioral development / Philippine GEELHAND in Molecular Autism, 10 (2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 10 (2019) . - 16 p. Titre : The role of gender in the perception of autism symptom severity and future behavioral development Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Philippine GEELHAND, Auteur ; Philippe BERNARD, Auteur ; Olivier KLEIN, Auteur ; Bob VAN TIEL, Auteur ; Mikhail KISSINE, Auteur Article en page(s) : 16 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescence  Caregiver  Concern  Gender bias  Sex ratio  Symptom severity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Increasing attention is being paid to the higher prevalence of boys with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and to the implications of this ratio discrepancy on our understanding of autism in girls. One recent avenue of research has focused on caregiver's concern, suggesting that autism might present differently in boys and girls. One unexplored factor related to concerns on child development is whether socio-cultural factors such as gender-related expectations influence the evaluation of symptom severity and predictions about future behavioral development. Methods: The latter concerns were the focus of the present study and were explored by investigating laypeople's judgment of the severity of autism symptoms using an online parent role-playing paradigm, in which participants were asked to rate vignettes depicting the behaviors of a child in different everyday life scenarios. The child's gender and the severity of ASD symptoms were manipulated to examine the effect of gender on the perception of symptom severity. Results: Results suggest that there are no gender differences in perceived symptom severity and associated degree of concern for 5-year-old boys and girls but that there is a gender difference in perceived future atypicality at 15 years old, with boys being rated as more likely to be perceived as atypical by their peers at that age than girls. Conclusions: Investigating parent's cognition about their child's future behavioral development can provide additional information regarding delayed diagnosis of autistic girls. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-019-0266-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=398 [article] The role of gender in the perception of autism symptom severity and future behavioral development [texte imprimé] / Philippine GEELHAND, Auteur ; Philippe BERNARD, Auteur ; Olivier KLEIN, Auteur ; Bob VAN TIEL, Auteur ; Mikhail KISSINE, Auteur . - 16 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 10 (2019) . - 16 p. Mots-clés : Adolescence  Caregiver  Concern  Gender bias  Sex ratio  Symptom severity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Increasing attention is being paid to the higher prevalence of boys with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and to the implications of this ratio discrepancy on our understanding of autism in girls. One recent avenue of research has focused on caregiver's concern, suggesting that autism might present differently in boys and girls. One unexplored factor related to concerns on child development is whether socio-cultural factors such as gender-related expectations influence the evaluation of symptom severity and predictions about future behavioral development. Methods: The latter concerns were the focus of the present study and were explored by investigating laypeople's judgment of the severity of autism symptoms using an online parent role-playing paradigm, in which participants were asked to rate vignettes depicting the behaviors of a child in different everyday life scenarios. The child's gender and the severity of ASD symptoms were manipulated to examine the effect of gender on the perception of symptom severity. Results: Results suggest that there are no gender differences in perceived symptom severity and associated degree of concern for 5-year-old boys and girls but that there is a gender difference in perceived future atypicality at 15 years old, with boys being rated as more likely to be perceived as atypical by their peers at that age than girls. Conclusions: Investigating parent's cognition about their child's future behavioral development can provide additional information regarding delayed diagnosis of autistic girls. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-019-0266-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=398

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