Maternal And Paternal Differences in Parental Stress and Children’s Autistic Features Among Parents of Preschool Autistic Children / James Rufus JOHN in Autism, 30-5 (May 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 30-5 (May 2026) . - p.1191-1205 Titre : Maternal And Paternal Differences in Parental Stress and Children’s Autistic Features Among Parents of Preschool Autistic Children Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : James Rufus JOHN, Auteur ; Anna CHUA, Auteur ; Valsamma EAPEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1191-1205 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  CALD  child behaviour  gender differences  parental stress  quality of life Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Parents of autistic children experience varying levels of stress, with only few studies examining gender-specific differences and their determinants. This study examined the sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with stress among mothers and fathers of preschool-aged autistic children in Australia. Data were analysed from 516 parents of preschool-aged autistic children enrolled in six Autism Specific Early Learning and Care Centres. Multilevel regression models assessed associations between maternal and paternal stress and sociodemographic factors, parental quality of life, and child’s clinical characteristics, while adjusting for key covariates, and accounting for clustering of parent responses within children. Among the sample, 465 mothers and 216 fathers completed the Parental Stress Index–Fourth Edition–Short Form questionnaire, representing 516 unique children, with some children having responses from both parents. Findings showed that culturally and linguistically diverse status was protective against stress for both parents, but higher level of education was protective only against maternal stress. Maternal stress was influenced by a broad range of child’s autistic traits, including behavioural differences, social communication, repetitive behaviours and adaptive functioning, whereas paternal stress was only associated with behavioural differences. These findings highlight gender-specific factors affecting stress and reinforce the need for tailored supports for families of autistic preschool children.Lay Abstract Many parents of autistic children experience high levels of stress. While mothers and fathers may face these challenges differently, only a few studies have explored gender-specific differences in parental stress. This study looked at the factors linked to stress in both mothers and fathers of preschool-aged autistic children in Australia. We analysed data from 516 parents whose children were enrolled in six Autism Specific Early Learning and Care Centres nationwide in Australia. Mothers reported higher overall stress than fathers. Parents from a culturally and linguistically diverse background or those who had higher education levels tended to report lower stress. On the other hand, greater child behavioural difficulties, challenges in social communication and poorer parental quality of life were linked to higher stress levels. These findings highlight the need for tailored, culturally sensitive supports for families, especially during the early years when children are starting intervention and parents are adapting to new caregiving demands. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613261427131 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=585 [article] Maternal And Paternal Differences in Parental Stress and Children’s Autistic Features Among Parents of Preschool Autistic Children [texte imprimé] / James Rufus JOHN, Auteur ; Anna CHUA, Auteur ; Valsamma EAPEN, Auteur . - p.1191-1205. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 30-5 (May 2026) . - p.1191-1205 Mots-clés : autism  CALD  child behaviour  gender differences  parental stress  quality of life Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Parents of autistic children experience varying levels of stress, with only few studies examining gender-specific differences and their determinants. This study examined the sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with stress among mothers and fathers of preschool-aged autistic children in Australia. Data were analysed from 516 parents of preschool-aged autistic children enrolled in six Autism Specific Early Learning and Care Centres. Multilevel regression models assessed associations between maternal and paternal stress and sociodemographic factors, parental quality of life, and child’s clinical characteristics, while adjusting for key covariates, and accounting for clustering of parent responses within children. Among the sample, 465 mothers and 216 fathers completed the Parental Stress Index–Fourth Edition–Short Form questionnaire, representing 516 unique children, with some children having responses from both parents. Findings showed that culturally and linguistically diverse status was protective against stress for both parents, but higher level of education was protective only against maternal stress. Maternal stress was influenced by a broad range of child’s autistic traits, including behavioural differences, social communication, repetitive behaviours and adaptive functioning, whereas paternal stress was only associated with behavioural differences. These findings highlight gender-specific factors affecting stress and reinforce the need for tailored supports for families of autistic preschool children.Lay Abstract Many parents of autistic children experience high levels of stress. While mothers and fathers may face these challenges differently, only a few studies have explored gender-specific differences in parental stress. This study looked at the factors linked to stress in both mothers and fathers of preschool-aged autistic children in Australia. We analysed data from 516 parents whose children were enrolled in six Autism Specific Early Learning and Care Centres nationwide in Australia. Mothers reported higher overall stress than fathers. Parents from a culturally and linguistically diverse background or those who had higher education levels tended to report lower stress. On the other hand, greater child behavioural difficulties, challenges in social communication and poorer parental quality of life were linked to higher stress levels. These findings highlight the need for tailored, culturally sensitive supports for families, especially during the early years when children are starting intervention and parents are adapting to new caregiving demands. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613261427131 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=585

Sex Differences in the Broad Autism Phenotype: Insights from the Australian Biobank / Blaise DI MENTO in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 55-10 (October 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 55-10 (October 2025) . - p.3700-3710 Titre : Sex Differences in the Broad Autism Phenotype: Insights from the Australian Biobank Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Blaise DI MENTO, Auteur ; James Rufus JOHN, Auteur ; Antonio MENDOZA DIAZ, Auteur ; Ping- I. LIN, Auteur ; Anne MASI, Auteur ; Rachel GROVE, Auteur ; Valsamma EAPEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3700-3710 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Examining sub-threshold autistic traits in non-autistic first-degree relatives of individuals on the autism spectrum, known as the Broad Autism Phenotype (BAP), could provide new insights into the associations and familial aggregation of autistic traits. This study was a retrospective cross-sectional study of parents (n = 1008), probands with autism (n = 613), and unaffected siblings (n = 221) of probands with autism. BAP traits were examined by the BAP Questionnaire and Communication Checklist-Adult in parents, Autism Developmental Observation Scale-Second edition in probands, and Social Responsiveness Scale in siblings. Multivariable linear regression analyses were used to investigate the associations of parental BAP traits on autistic traits in probands and unaffected sibling BAP traits. Fathers showed significantly increased aloofness, pragmatic language difficulties, and social engagement problems compared to mothers. Female siblings showed increased difficulties with social cognition compared to male siblings. Adjusted models of the regression analyses showed that all BAP traits in fathers were significantly associated with BAP trait expression in probands with autism. Additionally, all of mother’s BAP traits were significantly associated with unaffected siblings’ BAP trait expression while only fathers’ aloofness and rigidity traits were inversely associated with siblings’ BAP trait expression. Finally, there were significant inverse interactions noted between parent’s BAP traits and their children’s BAP trait expression. This study demonstrated differences in how males and females express BAP traits and also identified differences in parent-child associations by sex, with fathers having a greater effect on their proband children’s expression of BAP traits than mothers. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-024-06466-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=569 [article] Sex Differences in the Broad Autism Phenotype: Insights from the Australian Biobank [texte imprimé] / Blaise DI MENTO, Auteur ; James Rufus JOHN, Auteur ; Antonio MENDOZA DIAZ, Auteur ; Ping- I. LIN, Auteur ; Anne MASI, Auteur ; Rachel GROVE, Auteur ; Valsamma EAPEN, Auteur . - p.3700-3710. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 55-10 (October 2025) . - p.3700-3710 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Examining sub-threshold autistic traits in non-autistic first-degree relatives of individuals on the autism spectrum, known as the Broad Autism Phenotype (BAP), could provide new insights into the associations and familial aggregation of autistic traits. This study was a retrospective cross-sectional study of parents (n = 1008), probands with autism (n = 613), and unaffected siblings (n = 221) of probands with autism. BAP traits were examined by the BAP Questionnaire and Communication Checklist-Adult in parents, Autism Developmental Observation Scale-Second edition in probands, and Social Responsiveness Scale in siblings. Multivariable linear regression analyses were used to investigate the associations of parental BAP traits on autistic traits in probands and unaffected sibling BAP traits. Fathers showed significantly increased aloofness, pragmatic language difficulties, and social engagement problems compared to mothers. Female siblings showed increased difficulties with social cognition compared to male siblings. Adjusted models of the regression analyses showed that all BAP traits in fathers were significantly associated with BAP trait expression in probands with autism. Additionally, all of mother’s BAP traits were significantly associated with unaffected siblings’ BAP trait expression while only fathers’ aloofness and rigidity traits were inversely associated with siblings’ BAP trait expression. Finally, there were significant inverse interactions noted between parent’s BAP traits and their children’s BAP trait expression. This study demonstrated differences in how males and females express BAP traits and also identified differences in parent-child associations by sex, with fathers having a greater effect on their proband children’s expression of BAP traits than mothers. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-024-06466-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=569

Utilising Behavioural and Sensory Profiles and Associated Perinatal Factors to Identify Meaningful Subgroups in Autism Spectrum Disorder / Jane SHIRLEY in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 55-9 (September 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 55-9 (September 2025) . - p.3203-3216 Titre : Utilising Behavioural and Sensory Profiles and Associated Perinatal Factors to Identify Meaningful Subgroups in Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jane SHIRLEY, Auteur ; James Rufus JOHN, Auteur ; Alicia MONTGOMERY, Auteur ; Andrew WHITEHOUSE, Auteur ; Valsamma EAPEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3203-3216 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The heterogeneity of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) clinically and aetiologically hinders intervention matching and prediction of outcomes. This study investigated if the behavioural, sensory, and perinatal factor profiles of autistic children could be used to identify distinct subgroups. Participants on the autism spectrum aged 2 to 17 years and their families were sourced via the Australian Autism Biobank (AAB). Latent class analysis was used to identify subgroups within this cohort, utilising twenty-six latent variables representing child?s behavioural and sensory features and perinatal factors. Four distinct subgroups within the sample (n = 1168) distinguished by sensory and behavioural autism traits and exposure to perinatal determinants were identified. Class 2 and Class 4, which displayed the greatest behavioural and sensory impairment respectively, were associated with the highest perinatal factor exposure. Class 1, labelled "Most behavioural concerns and moderate sensory and behavioural skills concerns" had mixed exposure to perinatal determinants while Class 3, named "Least sensory and behavioural skills concerns" had the least perinatal determinant exposure, indicating a directly proportional correlation between severity of clinical features and perinatal factor exposure. Additionally, association between specific exposures such as maternal mental illness in Class 1 and significant behavioural concerns was recognised. Identifying distinct subgroups among autistic children can lead to development of targeted interventions and supports. Close monitoring of children exposed to specific perinatal determinants for developmental differences could assist early intervention and supports. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-024-06421-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566 [article] Utilising Behavioural and Sensory Profiles and Associated Perinatal Factors to Identify Meaningful Subgroups in Autism Spectrum Disorder [texte imprimé] / Jane SHIRLEY, Auteur ; James Rufus JOHN, Auteur ; Alicia MONTGOMERY, Auteur ; Andrew WHITEHOUSE, Auteur ; Valsamma EAPEN, Auteur . - p.3203-3216. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 55-9 (September 2025) . - p.3203-3216 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The heterogeneity of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) clinically and aetiologically hinders intervention matching and prediction of outcomes. This study investigated if the behavioural, sensory, and perinatal factor profiles of autistic children could be used to identify distinct subgroups. Participants on the autism spectrum aged 2 to 17 years and their families were sourced via the Australian Autism Biobank (AAB). Latent class analysis was used to identify subgroups within this cohort, utilising twenty-six latent variables representing child?s behavioural and sensory features and perinatal factors. Four distinct subgroups within the sample (n = 1168) distinguished by sensory and behavioural autism traits and exposure to perinatal determinants were identified. Class 2 and Class 4, which displayed the greatest behavioural and sensory impairment respectively, were associated with the highest perinatal factor exposure. Class 1, labelled "Most behavioural concerns and moderate sensory and behavioural skills concerns" had mixed exposure to perinatal determinants while Class 3, named "Least sensory and behavioural skills concerns" had the least perinatal determinant exposure, indicating a directly proportional correlation between severity of clinical features and perinatal factor exposure. Additionally, association between specific exposures such as maternal mental illness in Class 1 and significant behavioural concerns was recognised. Identifying distinct subgroups among autistic children can lead to development of targeted interventions and supports. Close monitoring of children exposed to specific perinatal determinants for developmental differences could assist early intervention and supports. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-024-06421-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566

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