Bilingualism Enhances Metalinguistic Awareness in Autism: Extending the Two-Dimensional Grammaticality Judgment Task / Pauline WOLFER in Autism Research, 19-3 (March 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 19-3 (March 2026) . - e70173 Titre : Bilingualism Enhances Metalinguistic Awareness in Autism: Extending the Two-Dimensional Grammaticality Judgment Task Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Pauline WOLFER, Auteur ; Franziska BAUMEISTER, Auteur ; Stephanie DURRLEMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : e70173 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  bilingualism  grammaticality judgment task  metalinguistic awareness Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Bilingualism has been associated with enhanced metalinguistic awareness (MA), the ability to reflect upon language. However, findings remain mixed, and little is known about how proficiency in the most proficient (L1) and second-best language (L2) contribute to MA, especially in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), who often present heterogeneous cognitive and linguistic profiles. We tested 270 children aged 5?12 (90 autistic, 180 neurotypical) using a two-dimensional Grammaticality Judgment Task (GJT) requiring two components of MA: analyzed knowledge (understanding of grammatical rules) and cognitive control (suppressing irrelevant semantic cues). Bilingualism was examined both categorically (monolingual vs. bilingual) and continuously (L2 proficiency), using generalized linear mixed-effects models controlling for age, nonverbal IQ, and L1 proficiency. Among neurotypical children, no significant bilingual advantage was found. In contrast, bilingual autistic children significantly outperformed monolingual peers on items requiring cognitive control, and higher L2 proficiency was associated with better overall GJT performance. These findings advance understanding of how bilingualism relates to metalinguistic abilities in autism and suggest that it is not only non-detrimental but may confer specific metalinguistic benefits. The study underscores the importance of combining categorical and continuous approaches to bilingualism to better capture individual variability in neurodiverse populations. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70173 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=583 [article] Bilingualism Enhances Metalinguistic Awareness in Autism: Extending the Two-Dimensional Grammaticality Judgment Task [texte imprimé] / Pauline WOLFER, Auteur ; Franziska BAUMEISTER, Auteur ; Stephanie DURRLEMAN, Auteur . - e70173. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 19-3 (March 2026) . - e70173 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  bilingualism  grammaticality judgment task  metalinguistic awareness Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Bilingualism has been associated with enhanced metalinguistic awareness (MA), the ability to reflect upon language. However, findings remain mixed, and little is known about how proficiency in the most proficient (L1) and second-best language (L2) contribute to MA, especially in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), who often present heterogeneous cognitive and linguistic profiles. We tested 270 children aged 5?12 (90 autistic, 180 neurotypical) using a two-dimensional Grammaticality Judgment Task (GJT) requiring two components of MA: analyzed knowledge (understanding of grammatical rules) and cognitive control (suppressing irrelevant semantic cues). Bilingualism was examined both categorically (monolingual vs. bilingual) and continuously (L2 proficiency), using generalized linear mixed-effects models controlling for age, nonverbal IQ, and L1 proficiency. Among neurotypical children, no significant bilingual advantage was found. In contrast, bilingual autistic children significantly outperformed monolingual peers on items requiring cognitive control, and higher L2 proficiency was associated with better overall GJT performance. These findings advance understanding of how bilingualism relates to metalinguistic abilities in autism and suggest that it is not only non-detrimental but may confer specific metalinguistic benefits. The study underscores the importance of combining categorical and continuous approaches to bilingualism to better capture individual variability in neurodiverse populations. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70173 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=583

Exploring Metalinguistic Awareness in School-Aged Autistic Children: Insights from Grammatical Judgment / Pauline WOLFER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 56-2 (February 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 56-2 (February 2026) . - p.560-573 Titre : Exploring Metalinguistic Awareness in School-Aged Autistic Children: Insights from Grammatical Judgment Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Pauline WOLFER, Auteur ; Franziska BAUMEISTER, Auteur ; Nicola RUDELLI, Auteur ; Grace CORRIGAN, Auteur ; Letitia R. NAIGLES, Auteur ; Stephanie DURRLEMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.560-573 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Metalinguistic awareness, the ability to manipulate and reflect upon language, remains largely unexplored in the autistic population. To address this gap, this observational cross-sectional study examines the metalinguistic abilities of school-aged autistic children in comparison to neurotypical peers in a novel tablet-based Grammatical Judgment Task (GJT) of reduced linguistic complexity engaging two kinds of metacognitive resources. Children had to judge non-verbally whether pre-recorded sentences were grammatically correct or not, following the traditional GJT paradigm assessing metamorphosyntactic skills. In addition, sentences with anomalous meaning that were either grammatically correct or grammatically incorrect were introduced to test metasemantic knowledge. Findings reveal no difference in performance between the groups, with participants performing on average above chance level both on the sentences assessing mere metamorphosyntactic skills and on the sentences placing an additional demand on metasemantics. This study shows that autistic individuals are able to mobilize metalinguistic resources when tested via a task of reduced linguistic complexity. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-024-06569-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=580 [article] Exploring Metalinguistic Awareness in School-Aged Autistic Children: Insights from Grammatical Judgment [texte imprimé] / Pauline WOLFER, Auteur ; Franziska BAUMEISTER, Auteur ; Nicola RUDELLI, Auteur ; Grace CORRIGAN, Auteur ; Letitia R. NAIGLES, Auteur ; Stephanie DURRLEMAN, Auteur . - p.560-573. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 56-2 (February 2026) . - p.560-573 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Metalinguistic awareness, the ability to manipulate and reflect upon language, remains largely unexplored in the autistic population. To address this gap, this observational cross-sectional study examines the metalinguistic abilities of school-aged autistic children in comparison to neurotypical peers in a novel tablet-based Grammatical Judgment Task (GJT) of reduced linguistic complexity engaging two kinds of metacognitive resources. Children had to judge non-verbally whether pre-recorded sentences were grammatically correct or not, following the traditional GJT paradigm assessing metamorphosyntactic skills. In addition, sentences with anomalous meaning that were either grammatically correct or grammatically incorrect were introduced to test metasemantic knowledge. Findings reveal no difference in performance between the groups, with participants performing on average above chance level both on the sentences assessing mere metamorphosyntactic skills and on the sentences placing an additional demand on metasemantics. This study shows that autistic individuals are able to mobilize metalinguistic resources when tested via a task of reduced linguistic complexity. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-024-06569-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=580

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