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Auteur Darren HEDLEY |
Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur (29)
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The Suicidal Ideation Attributes Scale-Modified (SIDAS-M): Development and preliminary validation of a new scale for the measurement of suicidal ideation in autistic adults / Darren HEDLEY in Autism, 27-4 (May 2023)
[article]
Titre : The Suicidal Ideation Attributes Scale-Modified (SIDAS-M): Development and preliminary validation of a new scale for the measurement of suicidal ideation in autistic adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Darren HEDLEY, Auteur ; Philip J BATTERHAM, Auteur ; Simon M BURY, Auteur ; Angela CLAPPERTON, Auteur ; Kathleen DENNEY, Auteur ; Cheryl DISSANAYAKE, Auteur ; Phoenix FOX, Auteur ; Thomas W FRAZIER, Auteur ; Emma GALLAGHER, Auteur ; Susan M HAYWARD, Auteur ; Jo ROBINSON, Auteur ; Ensu SAHIN, Auteur ; Julian TROLLOR, Auteur ; Mirko ULJAREVI?, Auteur ; Mark A STOKES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1115-1131 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adults,assessment,autism spectrum disorder,measurement,risk,screening,suicidal behavior,suicidal ideation,suicide Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The study describes the development and preliminary psychometric validation of the Suicidal Ideation Attributes Scale-Modified (SIDAS-M), a five-item assessment of suicidal ideation for use with autistic adults. Participants (n=102 autistic adults; 58% women, 34% men, 8% nonbinary; Mage=41.75, SD=12.89) completed an online survey including the SIDAS-M at Time 1 and participated in follow-up interviews at Time 2 (~111?days later). A single factor solution provided good to excellent fit to the data (comparative fit index=0.961, Tucker-Lewis index=0.921; standardized root mean square residual=0.027), with all items showing good to excellent loadings (0.74-0.91). SIDAS-M total score (?=.930, bias-corrected and accelerated 95% confidence interval (BCa 95% CI) [.90, .95]) demonstrated good convergent validity, correlating significantly with existing suicide specific (?=.442-.698, p<.001) and well-being measures (?=.325.-.505, p?.001), and good divergent validity. Logistic regression controlling for age, gender, and relationship status indicated that SIDAS-M scores at Time 1 significantly predicted suicidal behavior at Time 2, ?=0.462, p0.001, [0.032, 0.068]. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated SIDAS-M has utility discriminating between participants classified at low or above low risk, area under the curve=0.866, [0.767, 0.966], p0.001, with a cutoff score ?1 providing a potentially useful indicator of increased suicidal risk. Overall, SIDAS-M demonstrated good psychometric properties when used with autistic adults without intellectual disability.Lay AbstractAutistic people may be at higher risk of suicidal behavior than people in the general population. Suicidal behavior may include thinking about suicide or attempting to end one?s own life by suicide. It is important to identify autistic people who may be thinking about suicide. People who are at risk of suicidal behavior can be identified by asking questions about whether they have been thinking about suicide. A specially designed questionnaire, or screening instrument, can help someone ask the best questions to find out if someone has been thinking about suicide. This information can help to identify supports to be put in place to prevent suicidal behavior, such as a suicide attempt. However, autistic people may interpret questions differently than non-autistic people. It is important to use screening tools that have been designed with, and for autistic people. In this study, we examined the Suicidal Ideation Attributes Scale (SIDAS). The SIDAS is an existing tool that was developed to screen for suicidal thinking in the general population. We modified SIDAS for use with autistic adults. We involved autistic people in the process of modifying SIDAS. We called the modified instrument the SIDAS-M. The results of our study showed SIDAS-M may be useful for screening for suicidal thinking in autistic adults who do not have an intellectual disability. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221131234 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499
in Autism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.1115-1131[article] The Suicidal Ideation Attributes Scale-Modified (SIDAS-M): Development and preliminary validation of a new scale for the measurement of suicidal ideation in autistic adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Darren HEDLEY, Auteur ; Philip J BATTERHAM, Auteur ; Simon M BURY, Auteur ; Angela CLAPPERTON, Auteur ; Kathleen DENNEY, Auteur ; Cheryl DISSANAYAKE, Auteur ; Phoenix FOX, Auteur ; Thomas W FRAZIER, Auteur ; Emma GALLAGHER, Auteur ; Susan M HAYWARD, Auteur ; Jo ROBINSON, Auteur ; Ensu SAHIN, Auteur ; Julian TROLLOR, Auteur ; Mirko ULJAREVI?, Auteur ; Mark A STOKES, Auteur . - p.1115-1131.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.1115-1131
Mots-clés : adults,assessment,autism spectrum disorder,measurement,risk,screening,suicidal behavior,suicidal ideation,suicide Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The study describes the development and preliminary psychometric validation of the Suicidal Ideation Attributes Scale-Modified (SIDAS-M), a five-item assessment of suicidal ideation for use with autistic adults. Participants (n=102 autistic adults; 58% women, 34% men, 8% nonbinary; Mage=41.75, SD=12.89) completed an online survey including the SIDAS-M at Time 1 and participated in follow-up interviews at Time 2 (~111?days later). A single factor solution provided good to excellent fit to the data (comparative fit index=0.961, Tucker-Lewis index=0.921; standardized root mean square residual=0.027), with all items showing good to excellent loadings (0.74-0.91). SIDAS-M total score (?=.930, bias-corrected and accelerated 95% confidence interval (BCa 95% CI) [.90, .95]) demonstrated good convergent validity, correlating significantly with existing suicide specific (?=.442-.698, p<.001) and well-being measures (?=.325.-.505, p?.001), and good divergent validity. Logistic regression controlling for age, gender, and relationship status indicated that SIDAS-M scores at Time 1 significantly predicted suicidal behavior at Time 2, ?=0.462, p0.001, [0.032, 0.068]. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated SIDAS-M has utility discriminating between participants classified at low or above low risk, area under the curve=0.866, [0.767, 0.966], p0.001, with a cutoff score ?1 providing a potentially useful indicator of increased suicidal risk. Overall, SIDAS-M demonstrated good psychometric properties when used with autistic adults without intellectual disability.Lay AbstractAutistic people may be at higher risk of suicidal behavior than people in the general population. Suicidal behavior may include thinking about suicide or attempting to end one?s own life by suicide. It is important to identify autistic people who may be thinking about suicide. People who are at risk of suicidal behavior can be identified by asking questions about whether they have been thinking about suicide. A specially designed questionnaire, or screening instrument, can help someone ask the best questions to find out if someone has been thinking about suicide. This information can help to identify supports to be put in place to prevent suicidal behavior, such as a suicide attempt. However, autistic people may interpret questions differently than non-autistic people. It is important to use screening tools that have been designed with, and for autistic people. In this study, we examined the Suicidal Ideation Attributes Scale (SIDAS). The SIDAS is an existing tool that was developed to screen for suicidal thinking in the general population. We modified SIDAS for use with autistic adults. We involved autistic people in the process of modifying SIDAS. We called the modified instrument the SIDAS-M. The results of our study showed SIDAS-M may be useful for screening for suicidal thinking in autistic adults who do not have an intellectual disability. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221131234 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499 Understanding depression and thoughts of self-harm in autism: A potential mechanism involving loneliness / Darren HEDLEY in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 46 (February 2018)
[article]
Titre : Understanding depression and thoughts of self-harm in autism: A potential mechanism involving loneliness Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Darren HEDLEY, Auteur ; Mirko ULJAREVIC, Auteur ; Mathilda WILMOT, Auteur ; Amanda RICHDALE, Auteur ; Cheryl DISSANAYAKE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1-7 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adults Autism spectrum disorder Depression Loneliness Risk Risk factors Self-harm Suicide Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are at increased risk of suicidal ideation and behavior. This study characterized the inter-relationships between loneliness, depression and thoughts of self-harm in adults with ASD. Method Participants were 71 adults with ASD who completed questionnaires that provided information on loneliness, depression and thoughts of self-harm. Relationships between study variables were examined with correlations and a regression analysis. Two exploratory mediation models were then explored. Model 1 tested whether the relationship between depression and thoughts of self-harm was mediated through loneliness. Model 2 tested whether loneliness acted on thoughts of self-harm through depression. Results Twenty-six percent of participants met the clinical cut-off for depression and 21% reported thoughts of self-harm. Depressive symptoms, loneliness, and thoughts of self-harm were significantly correlated. Only Model 2, that identified an indirect pathway from loneliness, through depression to thoughts of self-harm, was supported. The mediator for this model accounted for 56.7% of the total effect. Conclusions This study examined potential mechanisms underlying depression and thoughts of self-harm in ASD. These results highlight a possible contribution of loneliness to depression and thoughts of self-harm, suggesting treatment options that target loneliness may prove beneficial in improving mental health outcomes in ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2017.11.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=327
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 46 (February 2018) . - p.1-7[article] Understanding depression and thoughts of self-harm in autism: A potential mechanism involving loneliness [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Darren HEDLEY, Auteur ; Mirko ULJAREVIC, Auteur ; Mathilda WILMOT, Auteur ; Amanda RICHDALE, Auteur ; Cheryl DISSANAYAKE, Auteur . - p.1-7.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 46 (February 2018) . - p.1-7
Mots-clés : Adults Autism spectrum disorder Depression Loneliness Risk Risk factors Self-harm Suicide Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are at increased risk of suicidal ideation and behavior. This study characterized the inter-relationships between loneliness, depression and thoughts of self-harm in adults with ASD. Method Participants were 71 adults with ASD who completed questionnaires that provided information on loneliness, depression and thoughts of self-harm. Relationships between study variables were examined with correlations and a regression analysis. Two exploratory mediation models were then explored. Model 1 tested whether the relationship between depression and thoughts of self-harm was mediated through loneliness. Model 2 tested whether loneliness acted on thoughts of self-harm through depression. Results Twenty-six percent of participants met the clinical cut-off for depression and 21% reported thoughts of self-harm. Depressive symptoms, loneliness, and thoughts of self-harm were significantly correlated. Only Model 2, that identified an indirect pathway from loneliness, through depression to thoughts of self-harm, was supported. The mediator for this model accounted for 56.7% of the total effect. Conclusions This study examined potential mechanisms underlying depression and thoughts of self-harm in ASD. These results highlight a possible contribution of loneliness to depression and thoughts of self-harm, suggesting treatment options that target loneliness may prove beneficial in improving mental health outcomes in ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2017.11.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=327 Understanding language preference: Autism knowledge, experience of stigma and autism identity / Simon M BURY in Autism, 27-6 (August 2023)
[article]
Titre : Understanding language preference: Autism knowledge, experience of stigma and autism identity Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Simon M BURY, Auteur ; Rachel JELLETT, Auteur ; Alex HASCHEK, Auteur ; Michael WENZEL, Auteur ; Darren HEDLEY, Auteur ; Jennifer R SPOOR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1588-1600 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism;autism identity;label preference;stigma;terminology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Prior research has studied preferences for identity- or person-first language among persons with an autism diagnosis. The current study differs from this previous body of research by specifically examining quantitative predictors of language preferences through a social identity theoretical approach, thereby leading to a better understanding of psychological and social factors that might underlie language use and preference within the autistic community. Australian adults with an autism diagnosis (N=198) completed the measures of autism knowledge, internalised stigma, and autism identity to determine whether these factors predict language preference. Results indicated a stronger autism identity was associated with a preference for identity-first terms (autistic/autistic person) and finding these less offensive. Contrastingly, stigma was associated with finding identity-first language less favourable and more offensive. Person-first terms (e.g. person with autism) were not associated with any of the predictors. Together, these findings suggest decision-making around identity-first language is influenced by a strong sense of autistic identity and experiences of stigma.Lay abstractThere is ongoing discussion around what language is acceptable when talking about someone with an autism diagnosis, especially regarding person-first (e.g. person with autism) or identity-first (e.g. autistic person) language. We asked 198 Australian adults with an autism diagnosis what terminology they prefer and what they find offensive. We also asked questions to understand their experience of stigma, their autism knowledge and how much they endorse an autism identity, to investigate if these factors were associated with their language preferences. Overall, there was no significant association between these three factors and person-first terminology. For identity-first terms, those who endorse a stronger autism identity tended to find identity-first terms more preferable and less offensive, whereas those who reported greater experiences and internalisation of stigma tended to find identity-first terms less preferable and more offensive. Previous research has tended to ask what language participants prefer. The findings of this work help provide some context as to why people prefer or find offensive specific terms, at least for identity-first language. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613221142383 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=509
in Autism > 27-6 (August 2023) . - p.1588-1600[article] Understanding language preference: Autism knowledge, experience of stigma and autism identity [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Simon M BURY, Auteur ; Rachel JELLETT, Auteur ; Alex HASCHEK, Auteur ; Michael WENZEL, Auteur ; Darren HEDLEY, Auteur ; Jennifer R SPOOR, Auteur . - p.1588-1600.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 27-6 (August 2023) . - p.1588-1600
Mots-clés : autism;autism identity;label preference;stigma;terminology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Prior research has studied preferences for identity- or person-first language among persons with an autism diagnosis. The current study differs from this previous body of research by specifically examining quantitative predictors of language preferences through a social identity theoretical approach, thereby leading to a better understanding of psychological and social factors that might underlie language use and preference within the autistic community. Australian adults with an autism diagnosis (N=198) completed the measures of autism knowledge, internalised stigma, and autism identity to determine whether these factors predict language preference. Results indicated a stronger autism identity was associated with a preference for identity-first terms (autistic/autistic person) and finding these less offensive. Contrastingly, stigma was associated with finding identity-first language less favourable and more offensive. Person-first terms (e.g. person with autism) were not associated with any of the predictors. Together, these findings suggest decision-making around identity-first language is influenced by a strong sense of autistic identity and experiences of stigma.Lay abstractThere is ongoing discussion around what language is acceptable when talking about someone with an autism diagnosis, especially regarding person-first (e.g. person with autism) or identity-first (e.g. autistic person) language. We asked 198 Australian adults with an autism diagnosis what terminology they prefer and what they find offensive. We also asked questions to understand their experience of stigma, their autism knowledge and how much they endorse an autism identity, to investigate if these factors were associated with their language preferences. Overall, there was no significant association between these three factors and person-first terminology. For identity-first terms, those who endorse a stronger autism identity tended to find identity-first terms more preferable and less offensive, whereas those who reported greater experiences and internalisation of stigma tended to find identity-first terms less preferable and more offensive. Previous research has tended to ask what language participants prefer. The findings of this work help provide some context as to why people prefer or find offensive specific terms, at least for identity-first language. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613221142383 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=509 Using Eye Movements as an Index of Implicit Face Recognition in Autism Spectrum Disorder / Darren HEDLEY in Autism Research, 5-5 (October 2012)
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Titre : Using Eye Movements as an Index of Implicit Face Recognition in Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Darren HEDLEY, Auteur ; Robyn L. YOUNG, Auteur ; Neil BREWER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.363-379 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : face recognition autism spectrum disorder Asperger syndrome face perception eye movement-based memory effect Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) typically show impairment on face recognition tasks. Performance has usually been assessed using overt, explicit recognition tasks. Here, a complementary method involving eye tracking was used to examine implicit face recognition in participants with ASD and in an intelligence quotient-matched non-ASD control group. Differences in eye movement indices between target and foil faces were used as an indicator of implicit face recognition. Explicit face recognition was assessed using old–new discrimination and reaction time measures. Stimuli were faces of studied (target) or unfamiliar (foil) persons. Target images at test were either identical to the images presented at study or altered by changing the lighting, pose, or by masking with visual noise. Participants with ASD performed worse than controls on the explicit recognition task. Eye movement-based measures, however, indicated that implicit recognition may not be affected to the same degree as explicit recognition. Autism Res 2012, 5: 363–379. © 2012 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1246 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=183
in Autism Research > 5-5 (October 2012) . - p.363-379[article] Using Eye Movements as an Index of Implicit Face Recognition in Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Darren HEDLEY, Auteur ; Robyn L. YOUNG, Auteur ; Neil BREWER, Auteur . - p.363-379.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 5-5 (October 2012) . - p.363-379
Mots-clés : face recognition autism spectrum disorder Asperger syndrome face perception eye movement-based memory effect Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) typically show impairment on face recognition tasks. Performance has usually been assessed using overt, explicit recognition tasks. Here, a complementary method involving eye tracking was used to examine implicit face recognition in participants with ASD and in an intelligence quotient-matched non-ASD control group. Differences in eye movement indices between target and foil faces were used as an indicator of implicit face recognition. Explicit face recognition was assessed using old–new discrimination and reaction time measures. Stimuli were faces of studied (target) or unfamiliar (foil) persons. Target images at test were either identical to the images presented at study or altered by changing the lighting, pose, or by masking with visual noise. Participants with ASD performed worse than controls on the explicit recognition task. Eye movement-based measures, however, indicated that implicit recognition may not be affected to the same degree as explicit recognition. Autism Res 2012, 5: 363–379. © 2012 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1246 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=183 Workplace Social Challenges Experienced by Employees on the Autism Spectrum: An International Exploratory Study Examining Employee and Supervisor Perspectives / Simon M. BURY in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-5 (May 2021)
[article]
Titre : Workplace Social Challenges Experienced by Employees on the Autism Spectrum: An International Exploratory Study Examining Employee and Supervisor Perspectives Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Simon M. BURY, Auteur ; Rebecca L. FLOWER, Auteur ; Rosslynn ZULLA, Auteur ; David B NICHOLAS, Auteur ; Darren HEDLEY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1614-1627 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adults Autism spectrum disorder Employment Social challenges Social communication Vocation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Social challenges represent a significantly under-researched area when it comes to the poor employment outcomes in autism. In this exploratory study employees on the autism spectrum (N?=?29) and supervisors (N?=?15), representing seven continents, provided 128 written examples of workplace-based social challenges, their interpretation, consequences and resolution. Content analysis revealed that types of social challenges were individually oriented or associated with the work-environment. Social challenges were frequently attributed to internal or personal factors with direct consequences for the employee. Resolutions were more frequently targeted toward the individual than the workplace, and hindered employees' experience of work. This international study represents a first look at the types of social challenges that impact equitable work participation of autistic people. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04662-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-5 (May 2021) . - p.1614-1627[article] Workplace Social Challenges Experienced by Employees on the Autism Spectrum: An International Exploratory Study Examining Employee and Supervisor Perspectives [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Simon M. BURY, Auteur ; Rebecca L. FLOWER, Auteur ; Rosslynn ZULLA, Auteur ; David B NICHOLAS, Auteur ; Darren HEDLEY, Auteur . - p.1614-1627.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-5 (May 2021) . - p.1614-1627
Mots-clés : Adults Autism spectrum disorder Employment Social challenges Social communication Vocation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Social challenges represent a significantly under-researched area when it comes to the poor employment outcomes in autism. In this exploratory study employees on the autism spectrum (N?=?29) and supervisors (N?=?15), representing seven continents, provided 128 written examples of workplace-based social challenges, their interpretation, consequences and resolution. Content analysis revealed that types of social challenges were individually oriented or associated with the work-environment. Social challenges were frequently attributed to internal or personal factors with direct consequences for the employee. Resolutions were more frequently targeted toward the individual than the workplace, and hindered employees' experience of work. This international study represents a first look at the types of social challenges that impact equitable work participation of autistic people. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04662-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445