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Auteur Patrick SMITH |
Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur (6)
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Autism Characteristics and Behavioural Disturbances in ??500 Children with Down's Syndrome in England and Wales / Georgina WARNER in Autism Research, 7-4 (August 2014)
[article]
Titre : Autism Characteristics and Behavioural Disturbances in ??500 Children with Down's Syndrome in England and Wales Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Georgina WARNER, Auteur ; Joanna MOSS, Auteur ; Patrick SMITH, Auteur ; Patricia HOWLIN, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : p.433-441 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder Down's syndrome social communication questionnaire strengths and difficulties questionnaire Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recent research shows that a significant minority of children with Down's syndrome (DS) also meet diagnostic criteria for an autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The present study investigated what proportion of children aged 6–15 years with a confirmed diagnosis of DS in England and Wales display autistic-type behaviours, and explored the characteristics of this group of children. The Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) was used to screen for autism characteristics and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) to explore behavioural difficulties. The proportion of children who met the cut-off score for ASD on the SCQ (total score ??15) was 37.7% (95% CI: 33.4–42.0%); for autism (total score ??22) the proportion was 16.5% (95% CI: 13.2–19.8%). Children who met the cut-off for ASD were significantly more likely to be reported as having emotional symptoms, conduct problems and hyperactivity on the SDQ than children who scored well below cut-off (total score ?10). However, the profile of their autism characteristics on the SCQ was atypical compared with individuals with idiopathic ASD. The pervasiveness of ASD in children with DS in England and Wales is substantially higher than in the general population. These children also experience significantly greater behavioural problems than children with DS only. Early detection of autism characteristics is important for appropriate intervention. However, the unusual profile of autism characteristics in this group may affect the recognition of the disorder and hinder the implementation of appropriate interventions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1371 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=238
in Autism Research > 7-4 (August 2014) . - p.433-441[article] Autism Characteristics and Behavioural Disturbances in ??500 Children with Down's Syndrome in England and Wales [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Georgina WARNER, Auteur ; Joanna MOSS, Auteur ; Patrick SMITH, Auteur ; Patricia HOWLIN, Auteur . - 2014 . - p.433-441.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 7-4 (August 2014) . - p.433-441
Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder Down's syndrome social communication questionnaire strengths and difficulties questionnaire Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recent research shows that a significant minority of children with Down's syndrome (DS) also meet diagnostic criteria for an autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The present study investigated what proportion of children aged 6–15 years with a confirmed diagnosis of DS in England and Wales display autistic-type behaviours, and explored the characteristics of this group of children. The Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) was used to screen for autism characteristics and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) to explore behavioural difficulties. The proportion of children who met the cut-off score for ASD on the SCQ (total score ??15) was 37.7% (95% CI: 33.4–42.0%); for autism (total score ??22) the proportion was 16.5% (95% CI: 13.2–19.8%). Children who met the cut-off for ASD were significantly more likely to be reported as having emotional symptoms, conduct problems and hyperactivity on the SDQ than children who scored well below cut-off (total score ?10). However, the profile of their autism characteristics on the SCQ was atypical compared with individuals with idiopathic ASD. The pervasiveness of ASD in children with DS in England and Wales is substantially higher than in the general population. These children also experience significantly greater behavioural problems than children with DS only. Early detection of autism characteristics is important for appropriate intervention. However, the unusual profile of autism characteristics in this group may affect the recognition of the disorder and hinder the implementation of appropriate interventions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1371 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=238 Cognitive therapy as an early treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents: a randomized controlled trial addressing preliminary efficacy and mechanisms of action / Richard MEISER-STEDMAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-5 (May 2017)
[article]
Titre : Cognitive therapy as an early treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents: a randomized controlled trial addressing preliminary efficacy and mechanisms of action Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Richard MEISER-STEDMAN, Auteur ; Patrick SMITH, Auteur ; Anna MCKINNON, Auteur ; Clare DIXON, Auteur ; David TRICKEY, Auteur ; Anke EHLERS, Auteur ; David M. CLARK, Auteur ; Adrian BOYLE, Auteur ; Peter WATSON, Auteur ; Ian GOODYER, Auteur ; Tim DALGLEISH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.623-633 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Post-traumatic stress disorder cognitive therapy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Few efficacious early treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in children and adolescents exist. Previous trials have intervened within the first month post-trauma and focused on secondary prevention of later post-traumatic stress; however, considerable natural recovery may still occur up to 6-months post-trauma. No trials have addressed the early treatment of established PTSD (i.e. 2- to 6-months post-trauma). Methods Twenty-nine youth (8–17 years) with PTSD (according to age-appropriate DSM-IV or ICD-10 diagnostic criteria) after a single-event trauma in the previous 2–6 months were randomly allocated to Cognitive Therapy for PTSD (CT-PTSD; n = 14) or waiting list (WL; n = 15) for 10 weeks. Results Significantly more participants were free of PTSD after CT-PTSD (71%) than WL (27%) at posttreatment (intent-to-treat, 95% CI for difference .04–.71). CT-PTSD yielded greater improvement on child-report questionnaire measures of PTSD, depression and anxiety; clinician-rated functioning; and parent-reported outcomes. Recovery after CT-PTSD was maintained at 6- and 12-month posttreatment. Beneficial effects of CT-PTSD were mediated through changes in appraisals and safety-seeking behaviours, as predicted by cognitive models of PTSD. CT-PTSD was considered acceptable on the basis of low dropout and high treatment credibility and therapist alliance ratings. Conclusions This trial provides preliminary support for the efficacy and acceptability of CT-PTSD as an early treatment for PTSD in youth. Moreover, the trial did not support the extension of ‘watchful waiting’ into the 2- to 6-month post-trauma window, as significant improvements in the WL arm (particularly in terms of functioning and depression) were not observed. Replication in larger samples is needed, but attention to recruitment issues will be required. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12673 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=306
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-5 (May 2017) . - p.623-633[article] Cognitive therapy as an early treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents: a randomized controlled trial addressing preliminary efficacy and mechanisms of action [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Richard MEISER-STEDMAN, Auteur ; Patrick SMITH, Auteur ; Anna MCKINNON, Auteur ; Clare DIXON, Auteur ; David TRICKEY, Auteur ; Anke EHLERS, Auteur ; David M. CLARK, Auteur ; Adrian BOYLE, Auteur ; Peter WATSON, Auteur ; Ian GOODYER, Auteur ; Tim DALGLEISH, Auteur . - p.623-633.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-5 (May 2017) . - p.623-633
Mots-clés : Post-traumatic stress disorder cognitive therapy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Few efficacious early treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in children and adolescents exist. Previous trials have intervened within the first month post-trauma and focused on secondary prevention of later post-traumatic stress; however, considerable natural recovery may still occur up to 6-months post-trauma. No trials have addressed the early treatment of established PTSD (i.e. 2- to 6-months post-trauma). Methods Twenty-nine youth (8–17 years) with PTSD (according to age-appropriate DSM-IV or ICD-10 diagnostic criteria) after a single-event trauma in the previous 2–6 months were randomly allocated to Cognitive Therapy for PTSD (CT-PTSD; n = 14) or waiting list (WL; n = 15) for 10 weeks. Results Significantly more participants were free of PTSD after CT-PTSD (71%) than WL (27%) at posttreatment (intent-to-treat, 95% CI for difference .04–.71). CT-PTSD yielded greater improvement on child-report questionnaire measures of PTSD, depression and anxiety; clinician-rated functioning; and parent-reported outcomes. Recovery after CT-PTSD was maintained at 6- and 12-month posttreatment. Beneficial effects of CT-PTSD were mediated through changes in appraisals and safety-seeking behaviours, as predicted by cognitive models of PTSD. CT-PTSD was considered acceptable on the basis of low dropout and high treatment credibility and therapist alliance ratings. Conclusions This trial provides preliminary support for the efficacy and acceptability of CT-PTSD as an early treatment for PTSD in youth. Moreover, the trial did not support the extension of ‘watchful waiting’ into the 2- to 6-month post-trauma window, as significant improvements in the WL arm (particularly in terms of functioning and depression) were not observed. Replication in larger samples is needed, but attention to recruitment issues will be required. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12673 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=306 Development and validation of the Child Post-Traumatic Cognitions Inventory (CPTCI) / Richard MEISER-STEDMAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50-4 (April 2009)
[article]
Titre : Development and validation of the Child Post-Traumatic Cognitions Inventory (CPTCI) Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Richard MEISER-STEDMAN, Auteur ; William YULE, Auteur ; Patrick SMITH, Auteur ; Richard BRYANT, Auteur ; Karen SALMON, Auteur ; Tim DALGLEISH, Auteur ; Reginald D.V. NIXON, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.432-440 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Post-traumatic-stress-disorder children adolescents appraisals cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Negative trauma-related cognitions have been found to be a significant factor in the maintenance of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults. Initial studies of such appraisals in trauma-exposed children and adolescents suggest that this is an important line of research in youth, yet empirically validated measures for use with younger populations are lacking. A measure of negative trauma-related cognitions for use with children and adolescents, the Child Post-Traumatic Cognitions Inventory (CPTCI), is presented. The measure was devised as an age-appropriate version of the adult Post-Traumatic Cognitions Inventory (Foa et al., 1999).
Methods: The CPTCI was developed and validated within a large (n = 570) sample, comprising community and trauma-exposed samples of children and adolescents aged 6–18 years.
Results: Principal components analysis suggested a two-component structure. These components were labelled 'permanent and disturbing change' and 'fragile person in a scary world', and were each found to possess good internal consistency, test–retest reliability, convergent validity, and discriminative validity. The reliability and validity of these sub-scales was present regardless of whether the measure was completed in the acute phase or several months after a trauma. Scores on these sub-scales did not vary with age.
Conclusions: The CPTCI is a reliable and valid measure that is not specific to the type of trauma exposure, and shows considerable promise as a research and clinical tool. The structure of this measure suggests that appraisals concerning the more abstract consequences of a trauma, as well as physical threat and vulnerability, are pertinent factors in trauma-exposed children and adolescents, even prepubescent children.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01995.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=723
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-4 (April 2009) . - p.432-440[article] Development and validation of the Child Post-Traumatic Cognitions Inventory (CPTCI) [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Richard MEISER-STEDMAN, Auteur ; William YULE, Auteur ; Patrick SMITH, Auteur ; Richard BRYANT, Auteur ; Karen SALMON, Auteur ; Tim DALGLEISH, Auteur ; Reginald D.V. NIXON, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.432-440.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-4 (April 2009) . - p.432-440
Mots-clés : Post-traumatic-stress-disorder children adolescents appraisals cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Negative trauma-related cognitions have been found to be a significant factor in the maintenance of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults. Initial studies of such appraisals in trauma-exposed children and adolescents suggest that this is an important line of research in youth, yet empirically validated measures for use with younger populations are lacking. A measure of negative trauma-related cognitions for use with children and adolescents, the Child Post-Traumatic Cognitions Inventory (CPTCI), is presented. The measure was devised as an age-appropriate version of the adult Post-Traumatic Cognitions Inventory (Foa et al., 1999).
Methods: The CPTCI was developed and validated within a large (n = 570) sample, comprising community and trauma-exposed samples of children and adolescents aged 6–18 years.
Results: Principal components analysis suggested a two-component structure. These components were labelled 'permanent and disturbing change' and 'fragile person in a scary world', and were each found to possess good internal consistency, test–retest reliability, convergent validity, and discriminative validity. The reliability and validity of these sub-scales was present regardless of whether the measure was completed in the acute phase or several months after a trauma. Scores on these sub-scales did not vary with age.
Conclusions: The CPTCI is a reliable and valid measure that is not specific to the type of trauma exposure, and shows considerable promise as a research and clinical tool. The structure of this measure suggests that appraisals concerning the more abstract consequences of a trauma, as well as physical threat and vulnerability, are pertinent factors in trauma-exposed children and adolescents, even prepubescent children.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01995.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=723 Practitioner Review: The Assessment and Treatment of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in Children and Adolescents / Sean PERRIN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 41-3 (March 2000)
[article]
Titre : Practitioner Review: The Assessment and Treatment of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in Children and Adolescents Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sean PERRIN, Auteur ; Patrick SMITH, Auteur ; William YULE, Auteur Année de publication : 2000 Article en page(s) : p.277-289 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Assessment diagnosis distress Post-traumatic Stress Disorder stress trauma Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a syndrome defined by the intrusive re- experiencing of a trauma, avoidance of traumatic reminders, and persistent physiological arousal. PTSD is associated with high levels of comorbidity and may increase the risk for additional disorders over time. While controversies remain regarding the applicability of the PTSD criteria to very young children, it has proved to be a useful framework for guiding assessment and treatment research with older children and adolescents. This article presents an overview of the literature on the clinical characteristics, assessment, and treatment of PTSD in children and adolescents. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=125
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 41-3 (March 2000) . - p.277-289[article] Practitioner Review: The Assessment and Treatment of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in Children and Adolescents [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sean PERRIN, Auteur ; Patrick SMITH, Auteur ; William YULE, Auteur . - 2000 . - p.277-289.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 41-3 (March 2000) . - p.277-289
Mots-clés : Assessment diagnosis distress Post-traumatic Stress Disorder stress trauma Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a syndrome defined by the intrusive re- experiencing of a trauma, avoidance of traumatic reminders, and persistent physiological arousal. PTSD is associated with high levels of comorbidity and may increase the risk for additional disorders over time. While controversies remain regarding the applicability of the PTSD criteria to very young children, it has proved to be a useful framework for guiding assessment and treatment research with older children and adolescents. This article presents an overview of the literature on the clinical characteristics, assessment, and treatment of PTSD in children and adolescents. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=125 Prevalence and predictive value of ICD-11 post-traumatic stress disorder and Complex PTSD diagnoses in children and adolescents exposed to a single-event trauma / Rachel ELLIOTT in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62-3 (March 2021)
[article]
Titre : Prevalence and predictive value of ICD-11 post-traumatic stress disorder and Complex PTSD diagnoses in children and adolescents exposed to a single-event trauma Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rachel ELLIOTT, Auteur ; Anna MCKINNON, Auteur ; Clare DIXON, Auteur ; Adrian BOYLE, Auteur ; Fionnuala MURPHY, Auteur ; Theresa DAHM, Auteur ; Emma TRAVERS-HILL, Auteur ; Cari-Lène MUL, Auteur ; Sarah-Jane ARCHIBALD, Auteur ; Patrick SMITH, Auteur ; Tim DALGLEISH, Auteur ; Richard MEISER-STEDMAN, Auteur ; Caitlin HITCHCOCK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.270-276 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Complex PTSD International Classification of Diseases Post-traumatic stress disorder adolescent child trauma Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The 11th edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) made a number of significant changes to the diagnostic criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We sought to determine the prevalence and 3-month predictive values of the new ICD-11 PTSD criteria relative to ICD-10 PTSD, in children and adolescents following a single traumatic event. ICD-11 also introduced a diagnosis of Complex PTSD (CPTSD), proposed to typically result from prolonged, chronic exposure to traumatic experiences, although the CPTSD diagnostic criteria do not require a repeated experience of trauma. We therefore explored whether children and adolescents demonstrate ICD-11 CPTSD features following exposure to a single-incident trauma. METHOD: Data were analysed from a prospective cohort study of youth aged 8-17 years who had attended an emergency department following a single trauma. Assessments of PTSD, CPTSD, depressive and anxiety symptoms were performed at two to four weeks (n = 226) and nine weeks (n = 208) post-trauma, allowing us to calculate and compare the prevalence and predictive value of ICD-10 and ICD-11 PTSD criteria, along with CPTSD. Predictive abilities of different diagnostic thresholds were undertaken using positive/negative predictive values, sensitivity/specificity statistics and logistic regressions. RESULTS: At Week 9, 15 participants (7%) were identified as experiencing ICD-11 PTSD, compared to 23 (11%) experiencing ICD-10 PTSD. There was no significant difference in comorbidity rates between ICD-10 and ICD-11 PTSD diagnoses. Ninety per cent of participants with ICD-11 PTSD also met criteria for at least one CPTSD feature. Five participants met full CPTSD criteria. CONCLUSIONS: Reduced prevalence of PTSD associated with the use of ICD-11 criteria is likely to reduce identification of PTSD relative to using ICD-10 criteria but not relative to DSM-4 and DSM-5 criteria. Diagnosis of CPTSD is likely to be infrequent following single-incident trauma. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13240 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-3 (March 2021) . - p.270-276[article] Prevalence and predictive value of ICD-11 post-traumatic stress disorder and Complex PTSD diagnoses in children and adolescents exposed to a single-event trauma [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rachel ELLIOTT, Auteur ; Anna MCKINNON, Auteur ; Clare DIXON, Auteur ; Adrian BOYLE, Auteur ; Fionnuala MURPHY, Auteur ; Theresa DAHM, Auteur ; Emma TRAVERS-HILL, Auteur ; Cari-Lène MUL, Auteur ; Sarah-Jane ARCHIBALD, Auteur ; Patrick SMITH, Auteur ; Tim DALGLEISH, Auteur ; Richard MEISER-STEDMAN, Auteur ; Caitlin HITCHCOCK, Auteur . - p.270-276.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-3 (March 2021) . - p.270-276
Mots-clés : Complex PTSD International Classification of Diseases Post-traumatic stress disorder adolescent child trauma Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The 11th edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) made a number of significant changes to the diagnostic criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We sought to determine the prevalence and 3-month predictive values of the new ICD-11 PTSD criteria relative to ICD-10 PTSD, in children and adolescents following a single traumatic event. ICD-11 also introduced a diagnosis of Complex PTSD (CPTSD), proposed to typically result from prolonged, chronic exposure to traumatic experiences, although the CPTSD diagnostic criteria do not require a repeated experience of trauma. We therefore explored whether children and adolescents demonstrate ICD-11 CPTSD features following exposure to a single-incident trauma. METHOD: Data were analysed from a prospective cohort study of youth aged 8-17 years who had attended an emergency department following a single trauma. Assessments of PTSD, CPTSD, depressive and anxiety symptoms were performed at two to four weeks (n = 226) and nine weeks (n = 208) post-trauma, allowing us to calculate and compare the prevalence and predictive value of ICD-10 and ICD-11 PTSD criteria, along with CPTSD. Predictive abilities of different diagnostic thresholds were undertaken using positive/negative predictive values, sensitivity/specificity statistics and logistic regressions. RESULTS: At Week 9, 15 participants (7%) were identified as experiencing ICD-11 PTSD, compared to 23 (11%) experiencing ICD-10 PTSD. There was no significant difference in comorbidity rates between ICD-10 and ICD-11 PTSD diagnoses. Ninety per cent of participants with ICD-11 PTSD also met criteria for at least one CPTSD feature. Five participants met full CPTSD criteria. CONCLUSIONS: Reduced prevalence of PTSD associated with the use of ICD-11 criteria is likely to reduce identification of PTSD relative to using ICD-10 criteria but not relative to DSM-4 and DSM-5 criteria. Diagnosis of CPTSD is likely to be infrequent following single-incident trauma. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13240 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443 The latent structure of Acute Stress Disorder symptoms in trauma-exposed children and adolescents / Anna MCKINNON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-11 (November 2016)
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