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Détail de l'auteur
Auteur Andrew P. BAYLISS |
Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur (2)
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Brief Report: Perceptual Load and the Autism Spectrum in Typically Developed Individuals / Andrew P. BAYLISS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41-11 (November 2011)
[article]
Titre : Brief Report: Perceptual Load and the Autism Spectrum in Typically Developed Individuals Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Andrew P. BAYLISS, Auteur ; Ada KRITIKOS, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.1573-1578 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Flanker task Autism spectrum quotient Perceptual load Attention Visual search Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A fundamental task of the cognitive system is to prioritize behaviourally relevant sensory inputs for processing at the expense of irrelevant inputs. In a study of neurotypical participants (n = 179), we utilized a brief flanker interference task while varying the perceptual load of the visual display. Typically, increasing perceptual load (i.e., with greater numbers of search items) reduces interference from a competing peripheral distractor. We show that individuals who score above average on the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) show stronger interference at high perceptual load than individuals with below-average AQ scores. This is consistent with recent findings in individuals with autism spectrum conditions, and supports the idea that the cognitive style of the autistic brain is reflected in a broader phenotype across the population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-1159-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=147
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 41-11 (November 2011) . - p.1573-1578[article] Brief Report: Perceptual Load and the Autism Spectrum in Typically Developed Individuals [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Andrew P. BAYLISS, Auteur ; Ada KRITIKOS, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.1573-1578.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 41-11 (November 2011) . - p.1573-1578
Mots-clés : Flanker task Autism spectrum quotient Perceptual load Attention Visual search Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A fundamental task of the cognitive system is to prioritize behaviourally relevant sensory inputs for processing at the expense of irrelevant inputs. In a study of neurotypical participants (n = 179), we utilized a brief flanker interference task while varying the perceptual load of the visual display. Typically, increasing perceptual load (i.e., with greater numbers of search items) reduces interference from a competing peripheral distractor. We show that individuals who score above average on the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) show stronger interference at high perceptual load than individuals with below-average AQ scores. This is consistent with recent findings in individuals with autism spectrum conditions, and supports the idea that the cognitive style of the autistic brain is reflected in a broader phenotype across the population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-1159-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=147 A few of my favorite things: circumscribed interests in autism are not accompanied by increased attentional salience on a personalized selective attention task / O. E. PARSONS in Molecular Autism, 8 (2017)
[article]
Titre : A few of my favorite things: circumscribed interests in autism are not accompanied by increased attentional salience on a personalized selective attention task Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : O. E. PARSONS, Auteur ; Andrew P. BAYLISS, Auteur ; A. REMINGTON, Auteur Article en page(s) : 20p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent Adult Attention/*physiology Autistic Disorder/*psychology Humans Photic Stimulation/*methods Reaction Time Visual Perception Young Adult *Attention *Autism *Circumscribed interests *Perception *Special interests Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autistic individuals commonly show circumscribed or "special" interests: areas of obsessive interest in a specific category. The present study investigated what impact these interests have on attention, an aspect of autistic cognition often reported as altered. In neurotypical individuals, interest and expertise have been shown to result in an automatic attentional priority for related items. Here, we examine whether this change in salience is also seen in autism. METHODS: Adolescents and young adults with and without autism performed a personalized selective attention task assessing the level of attentional priority afforded to images related to the participant's specific interests. In addition, participants performed a similar task with generic images in order to isolate any effects of interest and expertise. Crucially, all autistic and non-autistic individuals recruited for this study held a strong passion or interest. As such, any differences in attention could not be solely attributed to differing prevalence of interests in the two groups. In both tasks, participants were asked to perform a central target-detection task while ignoring irrelevant distractors (related or unrelated to their interests). The level of distractor interference under various task conditions was taken as an indication of attentional priority. RESULTS: Neurotypical individuals showed the predicted attentional priority for the circumscribed interest images but not generic items, reflecting the impact of their interest and expertise. Contrary to predictions, autistic individuals did not show this priority: processing the interest-related stimuli only when task demands were low. Attention to images unrelated to circumscribed interests was equivalent in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that despite autistic individuals holding an intense interest in a particular class of stimuli, there may be a reduced impact of this prior experience and expertise on attentional processing. The implications of this absence of automatic priority are discussed in terms of the behaviors associated with the condition. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-017-0132-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=330
in Molecular Autism > 8 (2017) . - 20p.[article] A few of my favorite things: circumscribed interests in autism are not accompanied by increased attentional salience on a personalized selective attention task [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / O. E. PARSONS, Auteur ; Andrew P. BAYLISS, Auteur ; A. REMINGTON, Auteur . - 20p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 8 (2017) . - 20p.
Mots-clés : Adolescent Adult Attention/*physiology Autistic Disorder/*psychology Humans Photic Stimulation/*methods Reaction Time Visual Perception Young Adult *Attention *Autism *Circumscribed interests *Perception *Special interests Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autistic individuals commonly show circumscribed or "special" interests: areas of obsessive interest in a specific category. The present study investigated what impact these interests have on attention, an aspect of autistic cognition often reported as altered. In neurotypical individuals, interest and expertise have been shown to result in an automatic attentional priority for related items. Here, we examine whether this change in salience is also seen in autism. METHODS: Adolescents and young adults with and without autism performed a personalized selective attention task assessing the level of attentional priority afforded to images related to the participant's specific interests. In addition, participants performed a similar task with generic images in order to isolate any effects of interest and expertise. Crucially, all autistic and non-autistic individuals recruited for this study held a strong passion or interest. As such, any differences in attention could not be solely attributed to differing prevalence of interests in the two groups. In both tasks, participants were asked to perform a central target-detection task while ignoring irrelevant distractors (related or unrelated to their interests). The level of distractor interference under various task conditions was taken as an indication of attentional priority. RESULTS: Neurotypical individuals showed the predicted attentional priority for the circumscribed interest images but not generic items, reflecting the impact of their interest and expertise. Contrary to predictions, autistic individuals did not show this priority: processing the interest-related stimuli only when task demands were low. Attention to images unrelated to circumscribed interests was equivalent in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that despite autistic individuals holding an intense interest in a particular class of stimuli, there may be a reduced impact of this prior experience and expertise on attentional processing. The implications of this absence of automatic priority are discussed in terms of the behaviors associated with the condition. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-017-0132-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=330