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A few of my favorite things: circumscribed interests in autism are not accompanied by increased attentional salience on a personalized selective attention task / O. E. PARSONS in Molecular Autism, 8 (2017)
[article]
Titre : A few of my favorite things: circumscribed interests in autism are not accompanied by increased attentional salience on a personalized selective attention task Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : O. E. PARSONS, Auteur ; Andrew P. BAYLISS, Auteur ; A. REMINGTON, Auteur Article en page(s) : 20p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent Adult Attention/*physiology Autistic Disorder/*psychology Humans Photic Stimulation/*methods Reaction Time Visual Perception Young Adult *Attention *Autism *Circumscribed interests *Perception *Special interests Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autistic individuals commonly show circumscribed or "special" interests: areas of obsessive interest in a specific category. The present study investigated what impact these interests have on attention, an aspect of autistic cognition often reported as altered. In neurotypical individuals, interest and expertise have been shown to result in an automatic attentional priority for related items. Here, we examine whether this change in salience is also seen in autism. METHODS: Adolescents and young adults with and without autism performed a personalized selective attention task assessing the level of attentional priority afforded to images related to the participant's specific interests. In addition, participants performed a similar task with generic images in order to isolate any effects of interest and expertise. Crucially, all autistic and non-autistic individuals recruited for this study held a strong passion or interest. As such, any differences in attention could not be solely attributed to differing prevalence of interests in the two groups. In both tasks, participants were asked to perform a central target-detection task while ignoring irrelevant distractors (related or unrelated to their interests). The level of distractor interference under various task conditions was taken as an indication of attentional priority. RESULTS: Neurotypical individuals showed the predicted attentional priority for the circumscribed interest images but not generic items, reflecting the impact of their interest and expertise. Contrary to predictions, autistic individuals did not show this priority: processing the interest-related stimuli only when task demands were low. Attention to images unrelated to circumscribed interests was equivalent in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that despite autistic individuals holding an intense interest in a particular class of stimuli, there may be a reduced impact of this prior experience and expertise on attentional processing. The implications of this absence of automatic priority are discussed in terms of the behaviors associated with the condition. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-017-0132-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=330
in Molecular Autism > 8 (2017) . - 20p.[article] A few of my favorite things: circumscribed interests in autism are not accompanied by increased attentional salience on a personalized selective attention task [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / O. E. PARSONS, Auteur ; Andrew P. BAYLISS, Auteur ; A. REMINGTON, Auteur . - 20p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 8 (2017) . - 20p.
Mots-clés : Adolescent Adult Attention/*physiology Autistic Disorder/*psychology Humans Photic Stimulation/*methods Reaction Time Visual Perception Young Adult *Attention *Autism *Circumscribed interests *Perception *Special interests Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autistic individuals commonly show circumscribed or "special" interests: areas of obsessive interest in a specific category. The present study investigated what impact these interests have on attention, an aspect of autistic cognition often reported as altered. In neurotypical individuals, interest and expertise have been shown to result in an automatic attentional priority for related items. Here, we examine whether this change in salience is also seen in autism. METHODS: Adolescents and young adults with and without autism performed a personalized selective attention task assessing the level of attentional priority afforded to images related to the participant's specific interests. In addition, participants performed a similar task with generic images in order to isolate any effects of interest and expertise. Crucially, all autistic and non-autistic individuals recruited for this study held a strong passion or interest. As such, any differences in attention could not be solely attributed to differing prevalence of interests in the two groups. In both tasks, participants were asked to perform a central target-detection task while ignoring irrelevant distractors (related or unrelated to their interests). The level of distractor interference under various task conditions was taken as an indication of attentional priority. RESULTS: Neurotypical individuals showed the predicted attentional priority for the circumscribed interest images but not generic items, reflecting the impact of their interest and expertise. Contrary to predictions, autistic individuals did not show this priority: processing the interest-related stimuli only when task demands were low. Attention to images unrelated to circumscribed interests was equivalent in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that despite autistic individuals holding an intense interest in a particular class of stimuli, there may be a reduced impact of this prior experience and expertise on attentional processing. The implications of this absence of automatic priority are discussed in terms of the behaviors associated with the condition. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-017-0132-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=330 Making sense of the perceptual capacities in autistic and non-autistic adults / Jana BRINKERT in Autism, 24-7 (October 2020)
[article]
Titre : Making sense of the perceptual capacities in autistic and non-autistic adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jana BRINKERT, Auteur ; Anna REMINGTON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1795-1804 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : *adults *attention *autism *perception *perceptual capacity *sensory processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Perceptual capacity refers to the amount of information that we can pay attention to at any one time. Research has shown that autistic people have a higher perceptual capacity, which means they can take in more information than non-autistic people can. This can be useful in certain situations, for instance, hearing approaching cars or noticing small details. However, in other situations, a higher perceptual capacity may result in more distraction. This study looked at whether having this increased perceptual capacity is linked to being very sensitive to sensory information (lights, sounds, touch, taste and smell) - something that many autistic people experience on a daily basis. Being very sensitive to these things can make it hard to interact with the world around us, so it is important to know more about what causes the sensitivity. To explore this, 38 autistic and 66 non-autistic adults completed a computer task that measured perceptual capacity and filled in a questionnaire about how sensitive they were to sensory information. We found that perceptual capacity was related to sensory symptoms for both autistic and non-autistic participants; people who had a larger perceptual capacity showed more sensitivity, while people who had a lower perceptual capacity showed reduced sensory sensitivity. This information can hopefully be used to improve the way in which we can support people who experience unpleasant sensory sensitivity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320922640 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=431
in Autism > 24-7 (October 2020) . - p.1795-1804[article] Making sense of the perceptual capacities in autistic and non-autistic adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jana BRINKERT, Auteur ; Anna REMINGTON, Auteur . - p.1795-1804.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 24-7 (October 2020) . - p.1795-1804
Mots-clés : *adults *attention *autism *perception *perceptual capacity *sensory processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Perceptual capacity refers to the amount of information that we can pay attention to at any one time. Research has shown that autistic people have a higher perceptual capacity, which means they can take in more information than non-autistic people can. This can be useful in certain situations, for instance, hearing approaching cars or noticing small details. However, in other situations, a higher perceptual capacity may result in more distraction. This study looked at whether having this increased perceptual capacity is linked to being very sensitive to sensory information (lights, sounds, touch, taste and smell) - something that many autistic people experience on a daily basis. Being very sensitive to these things can make it hard to interact with the world around us, so it is important to know more about what causes the sensitivity. To explore this, 38 autistic and 66 non-autistic adults completed a computer task that measured perceptual capacity and filled in a questionnaire about how sensitive they were to sensory information. We found that perceptual capacity was related to sensory symptoms for both autistic and non-autistic participants; people who had a larger perceptual capacity showed more sensitivity, while people who had a lower perceptual capacity showed reduced sensory sensitivity. This information can hopefully be used to improve the way in which we can support people who experience unpleasant sensory sensitivity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320922640 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=431