Preschool hyperactivity is associated with long-term economic burden: evidence from a longitudinal health economic analysis of costs incurred across childhood, adolescence and young adulthood / Maria CHOROZOGLOU in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-9 (September 2015) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-9 (September 2015) . - p.966-975 Titre : Preschool hyperactivity is associated with long-term economic burden: evidence from a longitudinal health economic analysis of costs incurred across childhood, adolescence and young adulthood Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Maria CHOROZOGLOU, Auteur ; Elizabeth SMITH, Auteur ; Johanna KOERTING, Auteur ; Margaret J. THOMPSON, Auteur ; Kapil SAYAL, Auteur ; Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.966-975 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Hyperactivity  ADHD  conduct disorder  longitudinal  preschool children  health economics evaluation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Preschool hyperactivity is an early risk factor for adult mental health problems and criminality. Little is known about; (a) the patterns of long-term service costs associated with this behavioural marker in the general population and (b) the specific factors predicting hyperactivity-related costs. We undertook a prospective study investigating associations between preschool hyperactivity and average individual annual service costs up to late adolescent and young adulthood. Methods One-hundred and seventy individuals rated as hyperactive by their parents and 88 nonhyperactive controls were identified from a community sample of 4,215 three years olds. Baseline information about behaviour/emotional problems and background characteristics were collected. At follow-up (when individuals were aged between 14 and 25 years) information was obtained on service use, and associated costs since the age of three. Based on this information we calculated the average cost per annum incurred by each individual. Results Compared to controls, preschoolers with hyperactivity had 17.6 times higher average costs per annum across domains (apart from nonmental health costs). These were £562 for each hyperactive individual compared with £30 for controls. Average annual costs decreased as a function of age, with higher costs incurred at younger ages. The effects of hyperactivity remained significant when other baseline factors were added to the model. Effects were fully mediated by later psychiatric morbidity. When the hyperactive group were examined separately, costs were consistently predicted by male gender and, for some cost codes, by conduct problems. Conclusions Preventative approaches targeting early hyperactivity may be of value. Services should be targeted towards high-risk individuals with careful consideration given to the cost-to-benefit trade-off of early intervention strategies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12437 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2670 [article] Preschool hyperactivity is associated with long-term economic burden: evidence from a longitudinal health economic analysis of costs incurred across childhood, adolescence and young adulthood [texte imprimé] / Maria CHOROZOGLOU, Auteur ; Elizabeth SMITH, Auteur ; Johanna KOERTING, Auteur ; Margaret J. THOMPSON, Auteur ; Kapil SAYAL, Auteur ; Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur . - p.966-975. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-9 (September 2015) . - p.966-975 Mots-clés : Hyperactivity  ADHD  conduct disorder  longitudinal  preschool children  health economics evaluation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Preschool hyperactivity is an early risk factor for adult mental health problems and criminality. Little is known about; (a) the patterns of long-term service costs associated with this behavioural marker in the general population and (b) the specific factors predicting hyperactivity-related costs. We undertook a prospective study investigating associations between preschool hyperactivity and average individual annual service costs up to late adolescent and young adulthood. Methods One-hundred and seventy individuals rated as hyperactive by their parents and 88 nonhyperactive controls were identified from a community sample of 4,215 three years olds. Baseline information about behaviour/emotional problems and background characteristics were collected. At follow-up (when individuals were aged between 14 and 25 years) information was obtained on service use, and associated costs since the age of three. Based on this information we calculated the average cost per annum incurred by each individual. Results Compared to controls, preschoolers with hyperactivity had 17.6 times higher average costs per annum across domains (apart from nonmental health costs). These were £562 for each hyperactive individual compared with £30 for controls. Average annual costs decreased as a function of age, with higher costs incurred at younger ages. The effects of hyperactivity remained significant when other baseline factors were added to the model. Effects were fully mediated by later psychiatric morbidity. When the hyperactive group were examined separately, costs were consistently predicted by male gender and, for some cost codes, by conduct problems. Conclusions Preventative approaches targeting early hyperactivity may be of value. Services should be targeted towards high-risk individuals with careful consideration given to the cost-to-benefit trade-off of early intervention strategies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12437 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2670

Temporal synchrony and audiovisual integration of speech and object stimuli in autism / Elizabeth SMITH in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 39 (July 2017) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 39 (July 2017) . - p.11-19 Titre : Temporal synchrony and audiovisual integration of speech and object stimuli in autism Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Elizabeth SMITH, Auteur ; Shouling ZHANG, Auteur ; Loisa BENNETTO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.11-19 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Speech processing  Audiovisual integration  Temporal perception Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) have been shown to have multisensory integration deficits, which may lead to problems perceiving complex, multisensory environments. For example, understanding audiovisual speech requires integration of visual information from the lips and face with auditory information from the voice, and audiovisual speech integration deficits can lead to impaired understanding and comprehension. While there is strong evidence for an audiovisual speech integration impairment in ASD, it is unclear whether this impairment is due to low level perceptual processes that affect all types of audiovisual integration or if it is specific to speech processing. Method Here, we measure audiovisual integration of basic speech (i.e., consonant-vowel utterances) and object stimuli (i.e., a bouncing ball) in adolescents with ASD and well-matched controls. We calculate a temporal window of integration (TWI) using each individual’s ability to identify which of two videos (one temporally aligned and one misaligned) matches auditory stimuli. The TWI measures tolerance for temporal asynchrony between the auditory and visual streams, and is an important feature of audiovisual perception. Results While controls showed similar tolerance of asynchrony for the simple speech and object stimuli, individuals with ASD did not. Specifically, individuals with ASD showed less tolerance of asynchrony for speech stimuli compared to object stimuli. In individuals with ASD, decreased tolerance for asynchrony in speech stimuli was associated with higher ratings of autism symptom severity. Conclusions These results suggest that audiovisual perception in ASD may vary for speech and object stimuli beyond what can be accounted for by stimulus complexity. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2017.04.001 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=3084 [article] Temporal synchrony and audiovisual integration of speech and object stimuli in autism [texte imprimé] / Elizabeth SMITH, Auteur ; Shouling ZHANG, Auteur ; Loisa BENNETTO, Auteur . - p.11-19. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 39 (July 2017) . - p.11-19 Mots-clés : Speech processing  Audiovisual integration  Temporal perception Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) have been shown to have multisensory integration deficits, which may lead to problems perceiving complex, multisensory environments. For example, understanding audiovisual speech requires integration of visual information from the lips and face with auditory information from the voice, and audiovisual speech integration deficits can lead to impaired understanding and comprehension. While there is strong evidence for an audiovisual speech integration impairment in ASD, it is unclear whether this impairment is due to low level perceptual processes that affect all types of audiovisual integration or if it is specific to speech processing. Method Here, we measure audiovisual integration of basic speech (i.e., consonant-vowel utterances) and object stimuli (i.e., a bouncing ball) in adolescents with ASD and well-matched controls. We calculate a temporal window of integration (TWI) using each individual’s ability to identify which of two videos (one temporally aligned and one misaligned) matches auditory stimuli. The TWI measures tolerance for temporal asynchrony between the auditory and visual streams, and is an important feature of audiovisual perception. Results While controls showed similar tolerance of asynchrony for the simple speech and object stimuli, individuals with ASD did not. Specifically, individuals with ASD showed less tolerance of asynchrony for speech stimuli compared to object stimuli. In individuals with ASD, decreased tolerance for asynchrony in speech stimuli was associated with higher ratings of autism symptom severity. Conclusions These results suggest that audiovisual perception in ASD may vary for speech and object stimuli beyond what can be accounted for by stimulus complexity. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2017.04.001 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=3084