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Auteur T. J. SIMON |
Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur (9)
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Atypical development of the executive attention network in children with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome / J. STODDARD in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 3-1 (March 2011)
[article]
Titre : Atypical development of the executive attention network in children with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : J. STODDARD, Auteur ; L. BECKETT, Auteur ; T. J. SIMON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.76-85 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention networks task Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome Cognitive control Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Impairment in the executive control of attention has been found in youth with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS). However, how this impairment is modified by other factors, particularly age, is unknown. Forty-six typically developing and 53 children with 22q11.2DS were tested with the attention networks task (ANT) in this cross-sectional study. We used logarithmic transform and linear modeling to assess age effects on the executive index of the ANT. Mixed modeling accounted for between subject variability, age, handedness, catecholamine-O-transferase (COMT; codon 158) genotype, and gender on performance for all experimental conditions (cue x flanker) and their two-level interactions. Children with 22q11.2DS showed a relative, age-dependent executive index impairment but not orienting or alerting network index impairments. In factorial analysis, age was a major predictor of overall performance. There was a significant effect of the 22q11.2DS on overall performance. Of note, children with 22q11.2DS are specifically vulnerable to incongruent flanker interference, especially at younger ages. We did not find an overall effect of COMT genotype or handedness. Children with 22q11.2DS demonstrated age-related impairment in the executive control of attention. Future investigation will likely reveal that there are different developmental trajectories of executive attentional function likely related to the development of schizophrenia in 22q11.2DS. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11689-010-9070-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=343
in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 3-1 (March 2011) . - p.76-85[article] Atypical development of the executive attention network in children with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / J. STODDARD, Auteur ; L. BECKETT, Auteur ; T. J. SIMON, Auteur . - p.76-85.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 3-1 (March 2011) . - p.76-85
Mots-clés : Attention networks task Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome Cognitive control Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Impairment in the executive control of attention has been found in youth with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS). However, how this impairment is modified by other factors, particularly age, is unknown. Forty-six typically developing and 53 children with 22q11.2DS were tested with the attention networks task (ANT) in this cross-sectional study. We used logarithmic transform and linear modeling to assess age effects on the executive index of the ANT. Mixed modeling accounted for between subject variability, age, handedness, catecholamine-O-transferase (COMT; codon 158) genotype, and gender on performance for all experimental conditions (cue x flanker) and their two-level interactions. Children with 22q11.2DS showed a relative, age-dependent executive index impairment but not orienting or alerting network index impairments. In factorial analysis, age was a major predictor of overall performance. There was a significant effect of the 22q11.2DS on overall performance. Of note, children with 22q11.2DS are specifically vulnerable to incongruent flanker interference, especially at younger ages. We did not find an overall effect of COMT genotype or handedness. Children with 22q11.2DS demonstrated age-related impairment in the executive control of attention. Future investigation will likely reveal that there are different developmental trajectories of executive attentional function likely related to the development of schizophrenia in 22q11.2DS. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11689-010-9070-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=343 Common and specific impairments in attention functioning in girls with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion, fragile X or Turner syndromes / A. I. QUINTERO in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 6-1 (December 2014)
[article]
Titre : Common and specific impairments in attention functioning in girls with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion, fragile X or Turner syndromes Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : A. I. QUINTERO, Auteur ; Elliott A. BEATON, Auteur ; D. J. HARVEY, Auteur ; J. L. ROSS, Auteur ; T. J. SIMON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.5 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS), fragile X syndrome (FXS), and Turner syndrome (TS) are complex and variable developmental syndromes caused by different genetic abnormalities; yet, they share similar cognitive impairments in the domains of numbers, space, and time. The atypical development of foundational neural networks that underpin the attentional system is thought to result in further impairments in higher-order cognitive functions. The current study investigates whether children with similar higher-order cognitive impairments but different genetic disorders also show similar impairments in alerting, orienting, and executive control of attention. METHODS: Girls with 22q11.2DS, FXS, or TS and typically developing (TD) girls, aged 7 to 15 years, completed an attention network test, a flanker task with alerting and orienting cues. Exploration of reaction times and accuracy allowed us to test for potential commonalities in attentional functioning in alerting, orienting, and executive control. Linear regression models were used to test whether the predictors of group and chronological age were able to predict differences in attention indices. RESULTS: Girls with 22q11.2DS, FXS, or TS demonstrated unimpaired function of the alerting system and impaired function of the executive control system. Diagnosis-specific impairments were found such that girls with FXS made more errors and had a reduced orienting index, while girls with 22q11.2DS showed specific age-related deficits in the executive control system. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the control but not the implementation of attention is selectively impaired in girls with 22q11.2DS, TS or FXS. Additionally, the age effect on executive control in girls with 22q11.2DS implies a possible altered developmental trajectory. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1866-1955-6-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=345
in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 6-1 (December 2014) . - p.5[article] Common and specific impairments in attention functioning in girls with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion, fragile X or Turner syndromes [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / A. I. QUINTERO, Auteur ; Elliott A. BEATON, Auteur ; D. J. HARVEY, Auteur ; J. L. ROSS, Auteur ; T. J. SIMON, Auteur . - p.5.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 6-1 (December 2014) . - p.5
Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS), fragile X syndrome (FXS), and Turner syndrome (TS) are complex and variable developmental syndromes caused by different genetic abnormalities; yet, they share similar cognitive impairments in the domains of numbers, space, and time. The atypical development of foundational neural networks that underpin the attentional system is thought to result in further impairments in higher-order cognitive functions. The current study investigates whether children with similar higher-order cognitive impairments but different genetic disorders also show similar impairments in alerting, orienting, and executive control of attention. METHODS: Girls with 22q11.2DS, FXS, or TS and typically developing (TD) girls, aged 7 to 15 years, completed an attention network test, a flanker task with alerting and orienting cues. Exploration of reaction times and accuracy allowed us to test for potential commonalities in attentional functioning in alerting, orienting, and executive control. Linear regression models were used to test whether the predictors of group and chronological age were able to predict differences in attention indices. RESULTS: Girls with 22q11.2DS, FXS, or TS demonstrated unimpaired function of the alerting system and impaired function of the executive control system. Diagnosis-specific impairments were found such that girls with FXS made more errors and had a reduced orienting index, while girls with 22q11.2DS showed specific age-related deficits in the executive control system. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the control but not the implementation of attention is selectively impaired in girls with 22q11.2DS, TS or FXS. Additionally, the age effect on executive control in girls with 22q11.2DS implies a possible altered developmental trajectory. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1866-1955-6-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=345 A cross-sectional analysis of orienting of visuospatial attention in child and adult carriers of the fragile X premutation / L. M. WONG in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 6-1 (December 2014)
[article]
Titre : A cross-sectional analysis of orienting of visuospatial attention in child and adult carriers of the fragile X premutation Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : L. M. WONG, Auteur ; N. J. GOODRICH-HUNSAKER, Auteur ; Y. A. MCLENNAN, Auteur ; F. TASSONE, Auteur ; S. M. RIVERA, Auteur ; T. J. SIMON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.45 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Cueing Endogenous Exogenous FMR1 gene Fxtas Fragile X Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Fragile X premutation carriers (fXPCs) have an expansion of 55-200 CGG repeats in the FMR1 gene. Male fXPCs are at risk for developing a neurodegenerative motor disorder (fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS)) often accompanied by cognitive decline. Several broad domains are implicated as core systems of dysfunction in fXPCs, including perceptual processing of spatial information, orienting of attention to space, and inhibiting attention to irrelevant distractors. We tested whether orienting of spatial attention is impaired in fXPCs. METHODS: Participants were fXPCs or healthy controls (HCs) asymptomatic for FXTAS. In experiment 1, they were male and female children and adults (aged 7-45 years). They oriented attention in response to volitional (endogenous) and reflexive (exogenous) cues. In experiment 2, the participants were men (aged 18-48 years). They oriented attention in an endogenous cueing task that manipulated the amount of information in the cue. RESULTS: In women, fXPCs exhibited slower reaction times than HCs in both the endogenous and exogenous conditions. In men, fXPCs exhibited slower reaction times than HCs in the exogenous condition and in the challenging endogenous cueing task with probabilistic cues. In children, fXPCs did not differ from HCs. CONCLUSIONS: Because adult fXPCs were slower even when controlling for psychomotor speed, results support the interpretation that a core dysfunction in fXPCs is the allocation of spatial attention, while perceptual processing and attention orienting are intact. These findings indicate the importance of considering age and sex when interpreting and generalizing studies of fXPCs. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1866-1955-6-45 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=347
in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 6-1 (December 2014) . - p.45[article] A cross-sectional analysis of orienting of visuospatial attention in child and adult carriers of the fragile X premutation [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / L. M. WONG, Auteur ; N. J. GOODRICH-HUNSAKER, Auteur ; Y. A. MCLENNAN, Auteur ; F. TASSONE, Auteur ; S. M. RIVERA, Auteur ; T. J. SIMON, Auteur . - p.45.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 6-1 (December 2014) . - p.45
Mots-clés : Cueing Endogenous Exogenous FMR1 gene Fxtas Fragile X Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Fragile X premutation carriers (fXPCs) have an expansion of 55-200 CGG repeats in the FMR1 gene. Male fXPCs are at risk for developing a neurodegenerative motor disorder (fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS)) often accompanied by cognitive decline. Several broad domains are implicated as core systems of dysfunction in fXPCs, including perceptual processing of spatial information, orienting of attention to space, and inhibiting attention to irrelevant distractors. We tested whether orienting of spatial attention is impaired in fXPCs. METHODS: Participants were fXPCs or healthy controls (HCs) asymptomatic for FXTAS. In experiment 1, they were male and female children and adults (aged 7-45 years). They oriented attention in response to volitional (endogenous) and reflexive (exogenous) cues. In experiment 2, the participants were men (aged 18-48 years). They oriented attention in an endogenous cueing task that manipulated the amount of information in the cue. RESULTS: In women, fXPCs exhibited slower reaction times than HCs in both the endogenous and exogenous conditions. In men, fXPCs exhibited slower reaction times than HCs in the exogenous condition and in the challenging endogenous cueing task with probabilistic cues. In children, fXPCs did not differ from HCs. CONCLUSIONS: Because adult fXPCs were slower even when controlling for psychomotor speed, results support the interpretation that a core dysfunction in fXPCs is the allocation of spatial attention, while perceptual processing and attention orienting are intact. These findings indicate the importance of considering age and sex when interpreting and generalizing studies of fXPCs. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1866-1955-6-45 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=347 A cross-sectional study of the development of volitional control of spatial attention in children with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome / H. M. SHAPIRO in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 4-1 (December 2012)
[article]
Titre : A cross-sectional study of the development of volitional control of spatial attention in children with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : H. M. SHAPIRO, Auteur ; Y. TAKARAE, Auteur ; D. J. HARVEY, Auteur ; M. H. CABARAL, Auteur ; T. J. SIMON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.5 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) results from a 1.5- to 3-megabase deletion on the long arm of chromosome 22 and occurs in approximately 1 in 4000 live births. Previous studies indicate that children with 22q11.2DS are impaired on tasks involving spatial attention. However, the degree to which these impairments are due to volitionally generated (endogenous) or reflexive (exogenous) orienting of attention is unclear. Additionally, the efficacy of these component attention processes throughout child development in 22q11.2DS has yet to be examined. METHODS: Here we compared the performance of a wide age range (7 to 14 years) of children with 22q11.2DS to typically developing (TD) children on a comprehensive visual cueing paradigm to dissociate the contributions of endogenous and exogenous attentional impairments. Paired and two-sample t-tests were used to compare outcome measures within a group or between groups. Additionally, repeated measures regression models were fit to the data in order to examine effects of age on performance. RESULTS: We found that children with 22q11.2DS were impaired on a cueing task with an endogenous cue, but not on the same task with an exogenous cue. Additionally, it was younger children exclusively who were impaired on endogenous cueing when compared to age-matched TD children. Older children with 22q11.2DS performed comparably to age-matched TD peers on the endogenous cueing task. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that endogenous but not exogenous orienting of attention is selectively impaired in children with 22q11.2DS. Additionally, the age effect on cueing in children with 22q11.2DS suggests a possible altered developmental trajectory of endogenous cueing. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1866-1955-4-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=344
in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 4-1 (December 2012) . - p.5[article] A cross-sectional study of the development of volitional control of spatial attention in children with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / H. M. SHAPIRO, Auteur ; Y. TAKARAE, Auteur ; D. J. HARVEY, Auteur ; M. H. CABARAL, Auteur ; T. J. SIMON, Auteur . - p.5.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 4-1 (December 2012) . - p.5
Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) results from a 1.5- to 3-megabase deletion on the long arm of chromosome 22 and occurs in approximately 1 in 4000 live births. Previous studies indicate that children with 22q11.2DS are impaired on tasks involving spatial attention. However, the degree to which these impairments are due to volitionally generated (endogenous) or reflexive (exogenous) orienting of attention is unclear. Additionally, the efficacy of these component attention processes throughout child development in 22q11.2DS has yet to be examined. METHODS: Here we compared the performance of a wide age range (7 to 14 years) of children with 22q11.2DS to typically developing (TD) children on a comprehensive visual cueing paradigm to dissociate the contributions of endogenous and exogenous attentional impairments. Paired and two-sample t-tests were used to compare outcome measures within a group or between groups. Additionally, repeated measures regression models were fit to the data in order to examine effects of age on performance. RESULTS: We found that children with 22q11.2DS were impaired on a cueing task with an endogenous cue, but not on the same task with an exogenous cue. Additionally, it was younger children exclusively who were impaired on endogenous cueing when compared to age-matched TD children. Older children with 22q11.2DS performed comparably to age-matched TD peers on the endogenous cueing task. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that endogenous but not exogenous orienting of attention is selectively impaired in children with 22q11.2DS. Additionally, the age effect on cueing in children with 22q11.2DS suggests a possible altered developmental trajectory of endogenous cueing. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1866-1955-4-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=344 How might stress contribute to increased risk for schizophrenia in children with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome? / Elliott A. BEATON in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 3-1 (March 2011)
[article]
Titre : How might stress contribute to increased risk for schizophrenia in children with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Elliott A. BEATON, Auteur ; T. J. SIMON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.68-75 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Allostatic load Children Cortisol Developmental disorder Genotype Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis) Schizophrenia Socioemotional development Stress-diathesis Velo-cardio-facial syndrome (VCFS) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The most common human microdeletion occurs at chromosome 22q11.2. The associated syndrome (22q11.2DS) has a complex and variable phenotype with a high risk of schizophrenia. While the role of stress in the etiopathology of schizophrenia has been under investigation for over 30 years (Walker et al. 2008), the stress-diathesis model has yet to be investigated in children with 22q11.2DS. Children with 22q11.2DS face serious medical, behavioral, and socioemotional challenges from infancy into adulthood. Chronic stress elevates glucocorticoids, decreases immunocompetence, negatively impacts brain development and function, and is associated with psychiatric illness in adulthood. Drawing knowledge from the extant and well-developed anxiety and stress literature will provide invaluable insight into the complex etiopathology of schizophrenia in people with 22q11.2DS while suggesting possible early interventions. Childhood anxiety is treatable and stress coping skills can be developed thereby improving quality of life in the short-term and potentially mitigating the risk of developing psychosis. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11689-010-9069-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=343
in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 3-1 (March 2011) . - p.68-75[article] How might stress contribute to increased risk for schizophrenia in children with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Elliott A. BEATON, Auteur ; T. J. SIMON, Auteur . - p.68-75.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 3-1 (March 2011) . - p.68-75
Mots-clés : Allostatic load Children Cortisol Developmental disorder Genotype Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis) Schizophrenia Socioemotional development Stress-diathesis Velo-cardio-facial syndrome (VCFS) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The most common human microdeletion occurs at chromosome 22q11.2. The associated syndrome (22q11.2DS) has a complex and variable phenotype with a high risk of schizophrenia. While the role of stress in the etiopathology of schizophrenia has been under investigation for over 30 years (Walker et al. 2008), the stress-diathesis model has yet to be investigated in children with 22q11.2DS. Children with 22q11.2DS face serious medical, behavioral, and socioemotional challenges from infancy into adulthood. Chronic stress elevates glucocorticoids, decreases immunocompetence, negatively impacts brain development and function, and is associated with psychiatric illness in adulthood. Drawing knowledge from the extant and well-developed anxiety and stress literature will provide invaluable insight into the complex etiopathology of schizophrenia in people with 22q11.2DS while suggesting possible early interventions. Childhood anxiety is treatable and stress coping skills can be developed thereby improving quality of life in the short-term and potentially mitigating the risk of developing psychosis. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11689-010-9069-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=343 Impaired multiple object tracking in children with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome / M. H. CABARAL in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 4-1 (December 2012)
PermalinkInterrelationship Between Cognitive Control, Anxiety, and Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors in Children with 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome / M. ULJAREVIC in Autism Research, 12-12 (December)
PermalinkThe Importance of Understanding Individual Differences of Emotion Regulation Abilities in 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome / L. E. CAMPBELL in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52-7 (July 2022)
PermalinkYoung adult male carriers of the fragile X premutation exhibit genetically modulated impairments in visuospatial tasks controlled for psychomotor speed / L. M. WONG in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 4-1 (December 2012)
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