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Stigma associated with parental depression or cancer: Impact on spouse and offspring's cortisol levels and socioemotional functioning / Sonia J. LUPIEN in Development and Psychopathology, 32-5 (December 2020)
[article]
Titre : Stigma associated with parental depression or cancer: Impact on spouse and offspring's cortisol levels and socioemotional functioning Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sonia J. LUPIEN, Auteur ; Denis-Claude ROY, Auteur ; Catherine RAYMOND, Auteur ; Sarah LECLAIRE, Auteur ; Nathalie WAN, Auteur ; Réal LABELLE, Auteur ; Charles-Édouard GIGUERE, Auteur ; Isabelle OUELLET-MORIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1822-1837 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Bayes Theorem Caregivers Child Depression *Depressive Disorder, Major Humans Hydrocortisone *Neoplasms Parents Spouses Stress, Psychological *cancer *caregiver *cortisol *depression *offspring *stigma *stress Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Stress associated with caring for a mentally ill spouse can adversely affect the health status of caregivers and their children. Adding to the stress of caregiving is the stigma often placed against spouses and children of people with mental illness. Contrary to mental illness, many physical disorders such as cancer may be less stigmatized (expect pulmonary cancer). In this study, we measured externalized and internalized stigma, as well as psychological (depressive symptoms and stressful life events) and physiological (basal salivary cortisol levels) markers of stress in 115 spouses and 154 children of parents suffering from major depressive disorder, cancer, or no illness (control group). The results show that spouses and children from families with parental depression present significantly more externalized stigma than spouses and children from families with parental cancer or no illness, although we find no group differences on internalized stigma. The analysis did not show a significant group difference either for spouses or their children on depressive symptomatology, although spouses from the parental depression group reported greater work/family stress. Finally, we found that although for both spouses children the awakening cortisol response was greater on weekdays than on weekend days, salivary cortisol levels did not differ between groups. Bayes factor calculated on the null result for cortisol levels was greater than 100, providing strong evidence for the null hypothesis H0. Altogether, these results suggest an impact of stigma toward mental health disorder on psychological markers of stress but no impact of stigma on physiological markers of stress. We suggest that these results may be due to the characteristics of the families who participated in the present study. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579420001431 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=437
in Development and Psychopathology > 32-5 (December 2020) . - p.1822-1837[article] Stigma associated with parental depression or cancer: Impact on spouse and offspring's cortisol levels and socioemotional functioning [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sonia J. LUPIEN, Auteur ; Denis-Claude ROY, Auteur ; Catherine RAYMOND, Auteur ; Sarah LECLAIRE, Auteur ; Nathalie WAN, Auteur ; Réal LABELLE, Auteur ; Charles-Édouard GIGUERE, Auteur ; Isabelle OUELLET-MORIN, Auteur . - p.1822-1837.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Development and Psychopathology > 32-5 (December 2020) . - p.1822-1837
Mots-clés : Bayes Theorem Caregivers Child Depression *Depressive Disorder, Major Humans Hydrocortisone *Neoplasms Parents Spouses Stress, Psychological *cancer *caregiver *cortisol *depression *offspring *stigma *stress Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Stress associated with caring for a mentally ill spouse can adversely affect the health status of caregivers and their children. Adding to the stress of caregiving is the stigma often placed against spouses and children of people with mental illness. Contrary to mental illness, many physical disorders such as cancer may be less stigmatized (expect pulmonary cancer). In this study, we measured externalized and internalized stigma, as well as psychological (depressive symptoms and stressful life events) and physiological (basal salivary cortisol levels) markers of stress in 115 spouses and 154 children of parents suffering from major depressive disorder, cancer, or no illness (control group). The results show that spouses and children from families with parental depression present significantly more externalized stigma than spouses and children from families with parental cancer or no illness, although we find no group differences on internalized stigma. The analysis did not show a significant group difference either for spouses or their children on depressive symptomatology, although spouses from the parental depression group reported greater work/family stress. Finally, we found that although for both spouses children the awakening cortisol response was greater on weekdays than on weekend days, salivary cortisol levels did not differ between groups. Bayes factor calculated on the null result for cortisol levels was greater than 100, providing strong evidence for the null hypothesis H0. Altogether, these results suggest an impact of stigma toward mental health disorder on psychological markers of stress but no impact of stigma on physiological markers of stress. We suggest that these results may be due to the characteristics of the families who participated in the present study. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579420001431 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=437 CRISPR/Cas9-mediated heterozygous knockout of the autism gene CHD8 and characterization of its transcriptional networks in cerebral organoids derived from iPS cells / P. WANG in Molecular Autism, 8 (2017)
[article]
Titre : CRISPR/Cas9-mediated heterozygous knockout of the autism gene CHD8 and characterization of its transcriptional networks in cerebral organoids derived from iPS cells Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : P. WANG, Auteur ; R. MOKHTARI, Auteur ; E. PEDROSA, Auteur ; M. KIRSCHENBAUM, Auteur ; C. BAYRAK, Auteur ; D. ZHENG, Auteur ; H. M. LACHMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : 11p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/genetics Bipolar Disorder/genetics CRISPR-Cas Systems Cell Differentiation Cells, Cultured DNA-Binding Proteins/*genetics Gene Expression Profiling/*methods Gene Expression Regulation Gene Knockout Techniques *Gene Regulatory Networks Humans Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/*cytology Mental Disorders/*genetics Mutation Organoids/*cytology Schizophrenia/genetics Sequence Analysis, RNA/*methods Telencephalon/*cytology Transcription Factors/*genetics *Autism *Beta-catenin *Bipolar disorder *Cancer *Dlx6-as1 *Distal-less homeobox *Gabaergic *Hmga2 *Schizophrenia *Tcf4 *Wnt *Znf132 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: CHD8 (chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein 8), which codes for a member of the CHD family of ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling factors, is one of the most commonly mutated genes in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) identified in exome-sequencing studies. Loss of function mutations in the gene have also been found in schizophrenia (SZ) and intellectual disabilities and influence cancer cell proliferation. We previously reported an RNA-seq analysis carried out on neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and monolayer neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells that were heterozygous for CHD8 knockout (KO) alleles generated using CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing. A significant number of ASD and SZ candidate genes were among those that were differentially expressed in a comparison of heterozygous KO lines (CHD8(+/-)) vs isogenic controls (CHD8(+/-)), including the SZ and bipolar disorder (BD) candidate gene TCF4, which was markedly upregulated in CHD8(+/-) neuronal cells. METHODS: In the current study, RNA-seq was carried out on CHD8(+/-) and isogenic control (CHD8(+/+)) cerebral organoids, which are 3-dimensional structures derived from iPS cells that model the developing human telencephalon. RESULTS: TCF4 expression was, again, significantly upregulated. Pathway analysis carried out on differentially expressed genes (DEGs) revealed an enrichment of genes involved in neurogenesis, neuronal differentiation, forebrain development, Wnt/beta-catenin signaling, and axonal guidance, similar to our previous study on NPCs and monolayer neurons. There was also significant overlap in our CHD8(+/-) DEGs with those found in a transcriptome analysis carried out by another group using cerebral organoids derived from a family with idiopathic ASD. Remarkably, the top DEG in our respective studies was the non-coding RNA DLX6-AS1, which was markedly upregulated in both studies; DLX6-AS1 regulates the expression of members of the DLX (distal-less homeobox) gene family. DLX1 was also upregulated in both studies. DLX genes code for transcription factors that play a key role in GABAergic interneuron differentiation. Significant overlap was also found in a transcriptome study carried out by another group using iPS cell-derived neurons from patients with BD, a condition characterized by dysregulated WNT/beta-catenin signaling in a subgroup of affected individuals. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the findings show that distinct ASD, SZ, and BD candidate genes converge on common molecular targets-an important consideration for developing novel therapeutics in genetically heterogeneous complex traits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-017-0124-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=331
in Molecular Autism > 8 (2017) . - 11p.[article] CRISPR/Cas9-mediated heterozygous knockout of the autism gene CHD8 and characterization of its transcriptional networks in cerebral organoids derived from iPS cells [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / P. WANG, Auteur ; R. MOKHTARI, Auteur ; E. PEDROSA, Auteur ; M. KIRSCHENBAUM, Auteur ; C. BAYRAK, Auteur ; D. ZHENG, Auteur ; H. M. LACHMAN, Auteur . - 11p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 8 (2017) . - 11p.
Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/genetics Bipolar Disorder/genetics CRISPR-Cas Systems Cell Differentiation Cells, Cultured DNA-Binding Proteins/*genetics Gene Expression Profiling/*methods Gene Expression Regulation Gene Knockout Techniques *Gene Regulatory Networks Humans Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/*cytology Mental Disorders/*genetics Mutation Organoids/*cytology Schizophrenia/genetics Sequence Analysis, RNA/*methods Telencephalon/*cytology Transcription Factors/*genetics *Autism *Beta-catenin *Bipolar disorder *Cancer *Dlx6-as1 *Distal-less homeobox *Gabaergic *Hmga2 *Schizophrenia *Tcf4 *Wnt *Znf132 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: CHD8 (chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein 8), which codes for a member of the CHD family of ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling factors, is one of the most commonly mutated genes in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) identified in exome-sequencing studies. Loss of function mutations in the gene have also been found in schizophrenia (SZ) and intellectual disabilities and influence cancer cell proliferation. We previously reported an RNA-seq analysis carried out on neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and monolayer neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells that were heterozygous for CHD8 knockout (KO) alleles generated using CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing. A significant number of ASD and SZ candidate genes were among those that were differentially expressed in a comparison of heterozygous KO lines (CHD8(+/-)) vs isogenic controls (CHD8(+/-)), including the SZ and bipolar disorder (BD) candidate gene TCF4, which was markedly upregulated in CHD8(+/-) neuronal cells. METHODS: In the current study, RNA-seq was carried out on CHD8(+/-) and isogenic control (CHD8(+/+)) cerebral organoids, which are 3-dimensional structures derived from iPS cells that model the developing human telencephalon. RESULTS: TCF4 expression was, again, significantly upregulated. Pathway analysis carried out on differentially expressed genes (DEGs) revealed an enrichment of genes involved in neurogenesis, neuronal differentiation, forebrain development, Wnt/beta-catenin signaling, and axonal guidance, similar to our previous study on NPCs and monolayer neurons. There was also significant overlap in our CHD8(+/-) DEGs with those found in a transcriptome analysis carried out by another group using cerebral organoids derived from a family with idiopathic ASD. Remarkably, the top DEG in our respective studies was the non-coding RNA DLX6-AS1, which was markedly upregulated in both studies; DLX6-AS1 regulates the expression of members of the DLX (distal-less homeobox) gene family. DLX1 was also upregulated in both studies. DLX genes code for transcription factors that play a key role in GABAergic interneuron differentiation. Significant overlap was also found in a transcriptome study carried out by another group using iPS cell-derived neurons from patients with BD, a condition characterized by dysregulated WNT/beta-catenin signaling in a subgroup of affected individuals. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the findings show that distinct ASD, SZ, and BD candidate genes converge on common molecular targets-an important consideration for developing novel therapeutics in genetically heterogeneous complex traits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-017-0124-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=331