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Effects of juvenile court exposure on crime in young adulthood / Amélie PETITCLERC in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-3 (March 2013)
[article]
Titre : Effects of juvenile court exposure on crime in young adulthood Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Amélie PETITCLERC, Auteur ; Uberto GATTI, Auteur ; Frank VITARO, Auteur ; Richard E. TREMBLAY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.291-297 Mots-clés : Criminal behavior violence recidivism penal justice juvenile offenders Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The juvenile justice system’s interventions are expected to help reduce recidivism. However, previous studies suggest that official processing in juvenile court fails to reduce adolescents’ criminal behavior in the following year. Longer term effects have not yet been investigated with a rigorous method. This study used propensity score matching to assess the impact of juvenile court processing into young adulthood. Method: Participants were part of a prospective longitudinal study of 1,037 boys from low- socioeconomic areas of Montreal, followed from ages 6–25 years. During their adolescence, 176 participants were processed in juvenile court, whereas 225 were arrested, but not sent to court. Propensity score matching was used to balance the group of participants exposed to juvenile court and the unexposed comparison group on 14 preadolescent child, family and peer characteristics. The two groups were compared on their official adult criminal outcomes. Results: The risk of conviction for an adult offence was 50.0% for court-processed participants compared with 24.3% for their matched counterparts, OR = 3.13, 95% CI = 1.80–5.44. Court-processed participants committed an average of 0.39 violent crimes, compared with 0.15 for their matched counterparts; Poisson model IRR = 2.60, 95% CI = 1.39–4.87. They also committed an average of 2.38 nonviolent crimes, compared to 1.30 for their matched counterparts, IRR = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.19–2.93. Conclusions: Rather than decreasing recidivism, juvenile court intervention increased both violent and nonviolent future crimes. Along with previous studies, this study highlights a pressing need for more research and knowledge transfer about effective interventions to reduce recidivism among youths who commit crime. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02616.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=191
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-3 (March 2013) . - p.291-297[article] Effects of juvenile court exposure on crime in young adulthood [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Amélie PETITCLERC, Auteur ; Uberto GATTI, Auteur ; Frank VITARO, Auteur ; Richard E. TREMBLAY, Auteur . - p.291-297.
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-3 (March 2013) . - p.291-297
Mots-clés : Criminal behavior violence recidivism penal justice juvenile offenders Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The juvenile justice system’s interventions are expected to help reduce recidivism. However, previous studies suggest that official processing in juvenile court fails to reduce adolescents’ criminal behavior in the following year. Longer term effects have not yet been investigated with a rigorous method. This study used propensity score matching to assess the impact of juvenile court processing into young adulthood. Method: Participants were part of a prospective longitudinal study of 1,037 boys from low- socioeconomic areas of Montreal, followed from ages 6–25 years. During their adolescence, 176 participants were processed in juvenile court, whereas 225 were arrested, but not sent to court. Propensity score matching was used to balance the group of participants exposed to juvenile court and the unexposed comparison group on 14 preadolescent child, family and peer characteristics. The two groups were compared on their official adult criminal outcomes. Results: The risk of conviction for an adult offence was 50.0% for court-processed participants compared with 24.3% for their matched counterparts, OR = 3.13, 95% CI = 1.80–5.44. Court-processed participants committed an average of 0.39 violent crimes, compared with 0.15 for their matched counterparts; Poisson model IRR = 2.60, 95% CI = 1.39–4.87. They also committed an average of 2.38 nonviolent crimes, compared to 1.30 for their matched counterparts, IRR = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.19–2.93. Conclusions: Rather than decreasing recidivism, juvenile court intervention increased both violent and nonviolent future crimes. Along with previous studies, this study highlights a pressing need for more research and knowledge transfer about effective interventions to reduce recidivism among youths who commit crime. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02616.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=191 Young men's behavioral competencies and risk of alcohol use disorder in emerging adulthood: Early protective effects of parental education / Katherine J. KARRIKER-JAFFE in Development and Psychopathology, 33-1 (February 2021)
[article]
Titre : Young men's behavioral competencies and risk of alcohol use disorder in emerging adulthood: Early protective effects of parental education Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Katherine J. KARRIKER-JAFFE, Auteur ; Sara L. LÖNN, Auteur ; Won K. COOK, Auteur ; Kenneth S. KENDLER, Auteur ; Kristina SUNDQUIST, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.135-148 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : academic competence alcohol use disorder criminal behavior externalizing behavior socioeconomic status Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We investigate how early exposure to parental externalizing behaviors (EB) may contribute to development of alcohol use disorders (AUD) in young adulthood, testing a developmental cascade model focused on competencies in three domains (academic, conduct, and work) in adolescence and emerging adulthood, and examining whether high parental education can buffer negative effects of parental EB and other early risk factors. We use data from 451,054 Swedish-born men included in the national conscript register. Structural equation models showed parental EB was associated with academic and behavioral problems during adolescence, as well as with lower resilience, more criminal behavior, and reduced social integration during emerging adulthood. These pathways led to elevated rates of AUD in emerging and young adulthood. Multiple groups analysis showed most of the indirect pathways from parental EB to AUD were present but buffered by higher parental education, suggesting early life experiences and competencies matter more for young men from lower socioeconomic status (SES) families than from higher SES families. Developmental competencies in school, conduct, and work are important precursors to the development of AUD by young adulthood that are predicted by parental EB. Occupational success may be an overlooked source of resilience for young men from low-SES families. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579419001640 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=442
in Development and Psychopathology > 33-1 (February 2021) . - p.135-148[article] Young men's behavioral competencies and risk of alcohol use disorder in emerging adulthood: Early protective effects of parental education [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Katherine J. KARRIKER-JAFFE, Auteur ; Sara L. LÖNN, Auteur ; Won K. COOK, Auteur ; Kenneth S. KENDLER, Auteur ; Kristina SUNDQUIST, Auteur . - p.135-148.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Development and Psychopathology > 33-1 (February 2021) . - p.135-148
Mots-clés : academic competence alcohol use disorder criminal behavior externalizing behavior socioeconomic status Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We investigate how early exposure to parental externalizing behaviors (EB) may contribute to development of alcohol use disorders (AUD) in young adulthood, testing a developmental cascade model focused on competencies in three domains (academic, conduct, and work) in adolescence and emerging adulthood, and examining whether high parental education can buffer negative effects of parental EB and other early risk factors. We use data from 451,054 Swedish-born men included in the national conscript register. Structural equation models showed parental EB was associated with academic and behavioral problems during adolescence, as well as with lower resilience, more criminal behavior, and reduced social integration during emerging adulthood. These pathways led to elevated rates of AUD in emerging and young adulthood. Multiple groups analysis showed most of the indirect pathways from parental EB to AUD were present but buffered by higher parental education, suggesting early life experiences and competencies matter more for young men from lower socioeconomic status (SES) families than from higher SES families. Developmental competencies in school, conduct, and work are important precursors to the development of AUD by young adulthood that are predicted by parental EB. Occupational success may be an overlooked source of resilience for young men from low-SES families. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579419001640 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=442