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Far visual acuity is unremarkable in autism: Do we need to focus on crowding? / Luc KEITA in Autism Research, 3-6 (December 2010)
[article]
Titre : Far visual acuity is unremarkable in autism: Do we need to focus on crowding? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Luc KEITA, Auteur ; Laurent MOTTRON, Auteur ; Armando BERTONE, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.333-341 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism vision acuity crowding neural lateral interactions Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although autism presents a unique perceptual phenotype defined in part by atypical (often enhanced) analysis of spatial information, few biologically plausible hypotheses have been advanced to explain its neural underpinnings. One plausible explanation is functional but altered lateral connectivity mediating early or local mechanisms selectively responsive to different stimulus attributes, including spatial frequency and contrast. The goal of the present study was first to assess far visual acuity in autism using Landolt-C optotypes defined by different local stimulus attributes. Second, we investigated whether acuity is differentially affected in autism when target optotypes are simultaneously presented with flanking stimuli at different distances. This typical detrimental “crowding effect” of flanking stimuli on target optotype discrimination is attributed to lateral inhibitory interaction of neurons encoding for visual properties of distracters close to the target. Results failed to demonstrate a between-group difference in acuity to Landolt-C optotypes, whether defined by luminance- or texture-contrast. However, the expected crowding effect at one gap-size opening distance was evidenced for the control group only; a small effect was observed for the autism group at two gap-size opening. These results suggest that although far visual acuity is unremarkable in autism, altered local lateral connectivity within early perceptual areas underlying spatial information processing in autism is atypical. Altered local lateral connectivity in autism might originate from an imbalance in excitatory/inhibitory neural signaling, resulting in changes regarding elementary feature extraction and subsequent downstream visual integration and visuo-spatial analysis. This notion is discussed within the context of characteristic lower- and higher-level perceptual processing in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.164 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=115
in Autism Research > 3-6 (December 2010) . - p.333-341[article] Far visual acuity is unremarkable in autism: Do we need to focus on crowding? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Luc KEITA, Auteur ; Laurent MOTTRON, Auteur ; Armando BERTONE, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.333-341.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 3-6 (December 2010) . - p.333-341
Mots-clés : autism vision acuity crowding neural lateral interactions Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although autism presents a unique perceptual phenotype defined in part by atypical (often enhanced) analysis of spatial information, few biologically plausible hypotheses have been advanced to explain its neural underpinnings. One plausible explanation is functional but altered lateral connectivity mediating early or local mechanisms selectively responsive to different stimulus attributes, including spatial frequency and contrast. The goal of the present study was first to assess far visual acuity in autism using Landolt-C optotypes defined by different local stimulus attributes. Second, we investigated whether acuity is differentially affected in autism when target optotypes are simultaneously presented with flanking stimuli at different distances. This typical detrimental “crowding effect” of flanking stimuli on target optotype discrimination is attributed to lateral inhibitory interaction of neurons encoding for visual properties of distracters close to the target. Results failed to demonstrate a between-group difference in acuity to Landolt-C optotypes, whether defined by luminance- or texture-contrast. However, the expected crowding effect at one gap-size opening distance was evidenced for the control group only; a small effect was observed for the autism group at two gap-size opening. These results suggest that although far visual acuity is unremarkable in autism, altered local lateral connectivity within early perceptual areas underlying spatial information processing in autism is atypical. Altered local lateral connectivity in autism might originate from an imbalance in excitatory/inhibitory neural signaling, resulting in changes regarding elementary feature extraction and subsequent downstream visual integration and visuo-spatial analysis. This notion is discussed within the context of characteristic lower- and higher-level perceptual processing in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.164 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=115 Superior Visual Search and Crowding Abilities Are Not Characteristic of All Individuals on the Autism Spectrum / E. LINDOR in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48-10 (October 2018)
[article]
Titre : Superior Visual Search and Crowding Abilities Are Not Characteristic of All Individuals on the Autism Spectrum Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : E. LINDOR, Auteur ; Nicole J. RINEHART, Auteur ; J. FIELDING, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3499-3512 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention Autism Crowding Enhanced perception Motor skills Visual search Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often excel on visual search and crowding tasks; however, inconsistent findings suggest that this 'islet of ability' may not be characteristic of the entire spectrum. We examined whether performance on these tasks changed as a function of motor proficiency in children with varying levels of ASD symptomology. Children with high ASD symptomology outperformed all others on complex visual search tasks, but only if their motor skills were rated at, or above, age expectations. For the visual crowding task, children with high ASD symptomology and superior motor skills exhibited enhanced target discrimination, whereas those with high ASD symptomology but poor motor skills experienced deficits. These findings may resolve some of the discrepancies in the literature. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3601-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=369
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-10 (October 2018) . - p.3499-3512[article] Superior Visual Search and Crowding Abilities Are Not Characteristic of All Individuals on the Autism Spectrum [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / E. LINDOR, Auteur ; Nicole J. RINEHART, Auteur ; J. FIELDING, Auteur . - p.3499-3512.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-10 (October 2018) . - p.3499-3512
Mots-clés : Attention Autism Crowding Enhanced perception Motor skills Visual search Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often excel on visual search and crowding tasks; however, inconsistent findings suggest that this 'islet of ability' may not be characteristic of the entire spectrum. We examined whether performance on these tasks changed as a function of motor proficiency in children with varying levels of ASD symptomology. Children with high ASD symptomology outperformed all others on complex visual search tasks, but only if their motor skills were rated at, or above, age expectations. For the visual crowding task, children with high ASD symptomology and superior motor skills exhibited enhanced target discrimination, whereas those with high ASD symptomology but poor motor skills experienced deficits. These findings may resolve some of the discrepancies in the literature. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3601-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=369