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Moral reasoning about everyday situations in adults with autism spectrum disorder / Giulia BELLESI in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 52 (August 2018)
[article]
Titre : Moral reasoning about everyday situations in adults with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Giulia BELLESI, Auteur ; Karishma VYAS, Auteur ; Leila JAMEEL, Auteur ; Shelley CHANNON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1-11 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders Social cognition Social behaviour Empathy Moral reasoning Everyday functioning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Little work has explored moral reasoning in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The present research used two novel scenario-based tasks to investigate how adults with and without ASD reason about moral rules and apply them in everyday interactions. The Rule Transgressions task examined decision-making in situations where breaking a rule might lead to a personal advantage. People with ASD did not differ from control participants in how frequently they chose to carry out the transgressions or their ratings of acceptability. However, they gave fewer sophisticated rationales to explain why the transgressions were wrong. The Social Intentionality task examined how participants judged and reacted to intentional and accidental transgressions performed by a story character. Both groups judged and responded more harshly to intentional transgressions than unintentional ones, but participants with ASD gave harsher responses overall. The findings suggest some preservation of the understanding of moral rules in ASD, but difficulties in applying and reasoning about these. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.04.009 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=368
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 52 (August 2018) . - p.1-11[article] Moral reasoning about everyday situations in adults with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Giulia BELLESI, Auteur ; Karishma VYAS, Auteur ; Leila JAMEEL, Auteur ; Shelley CHANNON, Auteur . - p.1-11.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 52 (August 2018) . - p.1-11
Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders Social cognition Social behaviour Empathy Moral reasoning Everyday functioning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Little work has explored moral reasoning in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The present research used two novel scenario-based tasks to investigate how adults with and without ASD reason about moral rules and apply them in everyday interactions. The Rule Transgressions task examined decision-making in situations where breaking a rule might lead to a personal advantage. People with ASD did not differ from control participants in how frequently they chose to carry out the transgressions or their ratings of acceptability. However, they gave fewer sophisticated rationales to explain why the transgressions were wrong. The Social Intentionality task examined how participants judged and reacted to intentional and accidental transgressions performed by a story character. Both groups judged and responded more harshly to intentional transgressions than unintentional ones, but participants with ASD gave harsher responses overall. The findings suggest some preservation of the understanding of moral rules in ASD, but difficulties in applying and reasoning about these. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.04.009 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=368 Assessing Theory of Mind Nonverbally in Those With Intellectual Disability and ASD: The Penny Hiding Game / Antonia SAN JOSE CACERES in Autism Research, 7-5 (October 2014)
[article]
Titre : Assessing Theory of Mind Nonverbally in Those With Intellectual Disability and ASD: The Penny Hiding Game Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Antonia SAN JOSE CACERES, Auteur ; Noa KEREN, Auteur ; Rhonda BOOTH, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.608-616 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder intellectual disability Penny Hiding Game theory of mind everyday functioning adaptive functioning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and low intellectual/language abilities are often omitted from experimental studies because of the challenges of testing these individuals. It is vital to develop appropriate and accessible tasks so that this significant part of the spectrum is not neglected. The theory of mind (ToM) has been extensively assessed in ASD, predominantly in relatively high-functioning individuals with reasonable language skills. This study aims to assess the ToM abilities of a sample of 132 participants with intellectual disability (ID) with and without ASD, matched in verbal mental age (VMA) and chronological age, using a naturalistic and nonverbal deception task: the Penny Hiding Game (PHG). The relationship between performance on the PHG and everyday adaptation was also studied. The PHG proved accessible to most participants, suggesting its suitability for use with individuals with low cognitive skills, attentional problems, and limited language. The ASD?+?ID group showed significantly more PHG errors, and fewer tricks, than the ID group. PHG performance correlated with Vineland adaptation scores for both groups. VMA was a major predictor of passing the task in both groups, and participants with ASD?+?ID required, on average, 2 years higher VMA than those with ID only, to achieve the same level of PHG success. VMA moderated the association between PHG performance and real-life social skills for the ASD?+?ID more than the ID group, suggesting that severely impaired individuals with ASD may rely on verbal ability to overcome their social difficulties, whereas individuals with ID alone may use more intuitive social understanding both in the PHG and everyday situations. Autism Res 2014, 7: 608–616. © 2014 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1405 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=241
in Autism Research > 7-5 (October 2014) . - p.608-616[article] Assessing Theory of Mind Nonverbally in Those With Intellectual Disability and ASD: The Penny Hiding Game [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Antonia SAN JOSE CACERES, Auteur ; Noa KEREN, Auteur ; Rhonda BOOTH, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur . - p.608-616.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 7-5 (October 2014) . - p.608-616
Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder intellectual disability Penny Hiding Game theory of mind everyday functioning adaptive functioning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and low intellectual/language abilities are often omitted from experimental studies because of the challenges of testing these individuals. It is vital to develop appropriate and accessible tasks so that this significant part of the spectrum is not neglected. The theory of mind (ToM) has been extensively assessed in ASD, predominantly in relatively high-functioning individuals with reasonable language skills. This study aims to assess the ToM abilities of a sample of 132 participants with intellectual disability (ID) with and without ASD, matched in verbal mental age (VMA) and chronological age, using a naturalistic and nonverbal deception task: the Penny Hiding Game (PHG). The relationship between performance on the PHG and everyday adaptation was also studied. The PHG proved accessible to most participants, suggesting its suitability for use with individuals with low cognitive skills, attentional problems, and limited language. The ASD?+?ID group showed significantly more PHG errors, and fewer tricks, than the ID group. PHG performance correlated with Vineland adaptation scores for both groups. VMA was a major predictor of passing the task in both groups, and participants with ASD?+?ID required, on average, 2 years higher VMA than those with ID only, to achieve the same level of PHG success. VMA moderated the association between PHG performance and real-life social skills for the ASD?+?ID more than the ID group, suggesting that severely impaired individuals with ASD may rely on verbal ability to overcome their social difficulties, whereas individuals with ID alone may use more intuitive social understanding both in the PHG and everyday situations. Autism Res 2014, 7: 608–616. © 2014 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1405 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=241