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[article]
Titre : Risk markers for suicidality in autistic adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sarah A. CASSIDY, Auteur ; Louise BRADLEY, Auteur ; R. SHAW, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : 42p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Anxiety Autism spectrum condition Autistic traits Depression Mental health nssi nssi-at Non-suicidal self-injury Risk markers sbq-r Suicidality Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Research has shown high rates of suicidality in autism spectrum conditions (ASC), but there is lack of research into why this is the case. Many common experiences of autistic adults, such as depression or unemployment, overlap with known risk markers for suicide in the general population. However, it is unknown whether there are risk markers unique to ASC that require new tailored suicide prevention strategies. Methods: Through consultation with a steering group of autistic adults, a survey was developed aiming to identify unique risk markers for suicidality in this group. The survey measured suicidality (SBQ-R), non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI-AT), mental health problems, unmet support needs, employment, satisfaction with living arrangements, self-reported autistic traits (AQ), delay in ASC diagnosis, and 'camouflaging' ASC. One hundred sixty-four autistic adults (65 male, 99 female) and 169 general population adults (54 males, 115 females) completed the survey online. Results: A majority of autistic adults (72%) scored above the recommended psychiatric cut-off for suicide risk on the SBQ-R; significantly higher than general population (GP) adults (33%). After statistically controlling for a range of demographics and diagnoses, ASC diagnosis and self-reported autistic traits in the general population significantly predicted suicidality. In autistic adults, non-suicidal self-injury, camouflaging, and number of unmet support needs significantly predicted suicidality. Conclusions: Results confirm previously reported high rates of suicidality in ASC, and demonstrate that ASC diagnosis, and self-reported autistic traits in the general population are independent risk markers for suicidality. This suggests there are unique factors associated with autism and autistic traits that increase risk of suicidality. Camouflaging and unmet support needs appear to be risk markers for suicidality unique to ASC. Non-suicidal self-injury, employment, and mental health problems appear to be risk markers shared with the general population that are significantly more prevalent in the autistic community. Implications for understanding and prevention of suicide in ASC are discussed. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-018-0226-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=371
in Molecular Autism > 9 (2018) . - 42p.[article] Risk markers for suicidality in autistic adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sarah A. CASSIDY, Auteur ; Louise BRADLEY, Auteur ; R. SHAW, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur . - 42p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 9 (2018) . - 42p.
Mots-clés : Anxiety Autism spectrum condition Autistic traits Depression Mental health nssi nssi-at Non-suicidal self-injury Risk markers sbq-r Suicidality Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Research has shown high rates of suicidality in autism spectrum conditions (ASC), but there is lack of research into why this is the case. Many common experiences of autistic adults, such as depression or unemployment, overlap with known risk markers for suicide in the general population. However, it is unknown whether there are risk markers unique to ASC that require new tailored suicide prevention strategies. Methods: Through consultation with a steering group of autistic adults, a survey was developed aiming to identify unique risk markers for suicidality in this group. The survey measured suicidality (SBQ-R), non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI-AT), mental health problems, unmet support needs, employment, satisfaction with living arrangements, self-reported autistic traits (AQ), delay in ASC diagnosis, and 'camouflaging' ASC. One hundred sixty-four autistic adults (65 male, 99 female) and 169 general population adults (54 males, 115 females) completed the survey online. Results: A majority of autistic adults (72%) scored above the recommended psychiatric cut-off for suicide risk on the SBQ-R; significantly higher than general population (GP) adults (33%). After statistically controlling for a range of demographics and diagnoses, ASC diagnosis and self-reported autistic traits in the general population significantly predicted suicidality. In autistic adults, non-suicidal self-injury, camouflaging, and number of unmet support needs significantly predicted suicidality. Conclusions: Results confirm previously reported high rates of suicidality in ASC, and demonstrate that ASC diagnosis, and self-reported autistic traits in the general population are independent risk markers for suicidality. This suggests there are unique factors associated with autism and autistic traits that increase risk of suicidality. Camouflaging and unmet support needs appear to be risk markers for suicidality unique to ASC. Non-suicidal self-injury, employment, and mental health problems appear to be risk markers shared with the general population that are significantly more prevalent in the autistic community. Implications for understanding and prevention of suicide in ASC are discussed. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-018-0226-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=371 Correlates and Risk Markers for Sleep Disturbance in Participants of the Autism Treatment Network / Jill A. HOLLWAY in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43-12 (December 2013)
[article]
Titre : Correlates and Risk Markers for Sleep Disturbance in Participants of the Autism Treatment Network Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jill A. HOLLWAY, Auteur ; Michael G. AMAN, Auteur ; Eric BUTTER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2830-2843 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder Sleep disturbance Correlates Risk markers Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We explored possible cognitive, behavioral, emotional, and physiological risk markers for sleep disturbance in children with autism spectrum disorders. Data from 1,583 children in the Autism Treatment Network were analyzed. Approximately 45 potential predictors were analyzed using hierarchical regression modeling. As medication could confound findings, it was included in the analyses as a covariate. Results revealed that anxiety, autism symptom severity, sensory sensitivities, and GI problems were associated with sleep disturbance. IQ positively predicted sleep disturbance, and children with Asperger’s Disorder were more vulnerable than others. The amount of variance in sleep outcomes explained by predictor variables was modest (i.e., R 2 from .104 to .201). Predictor variables were evaluated in the context of a bidirectional theoretical framework. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-013-1830-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 43-12 (December 2013) . - p.2830-2843[article] Correlates and Risk Markers for Sleep Disturbance in Participants of the Autism Treatment Network [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jill A. HOLLWAY, Auteur ; Michael G. AMAN, Auteur ; Eric BUTTER, Auteur . - p.2830-2843.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 43-12 (December 2013) . - p.2830-2843
Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder Sleep disturbance Correlates Risk markers Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We explored possible cognitive, behavioral, emotional, and physiological risk markers for sleep disturbance in children with autism spectrum disorders. Data from 1,583 children in the Autism Treatment Network were analyzed. Approximately 45 potential predictors were analyzed using hierarchical regression modeling. As medication could confound findings, it was included in the analyses as a covariate. Results revealed that anxiety, autism symptom severity, sensory sensitivities, and GI problems were associated with sleep disturbance. IQ positively predicted sleep disturbance, and children with Asperger’s Disorder were more vulnerable than others. The amount of variance in sleep outcomes explained by predictor variables was modest (i.e., R 2 from .104 to .201). Predictor variables were evaluated in the context of a bidirectional theoretical framework. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-013-1830-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218 The Persistence of Self-injurious and Aggressive Behavior in Males with Fragile X Syndrome Over 8 Years: A Longitudinal Study of Prevalence and Predictive Risk Markers / Hayley CRAWFORD in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-7 (July 2019)
[article]
Titre : The Persistence of Self-injurious and Aggressive Behavior in Males with Fragile X Syndrome Over 8 Years: A Longitudinal Study of Prevalence and Predictive Risk Markers Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Hayley CRAWFORD, Auteur ; E. KARAKATSANI, Auteur ; G. SINGLA, Auteur ; C. OLIVER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2913-2922 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Aggression Autism Challenging behavior Early intervention Fragile X syndrome Impulsivity Repetitive behavior Risk markers Self-injurious behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Self-injurious and aggressive behaviors are common in fragile X syndrome (FXS). However, little is known about the persistence of these behaviors and associated risk markers. We established the prevalence and persistence of self-injurious and aggressive behaviors over eight years in males with FXS, and associations with risk markers. Results showed 77% and 69% persistence rates for self-injurious and aggressive behavior, respectively. Baseline levels of repetitive behavior predicted persistent self-injurious behavior. Chronological age, impulsivity and overactivity were associated with persistent aggressive behavior but only impulsivity predicted persistence. This is the first study to document the persistence of self-injurious and aggressive behavior in FXS over the medium to long term and to identify behavioral risk markers that might facilitate targeted early intervention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04002-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=402
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-7 (July 2019) . - p.2913-2922[article] The Persistence of Self-injurious and Aggressive Behavior in Males with Fragile X Syndrome Over 8 Years: A Longitudinal Study of Prevalence and Predictive Risk Markers [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Hayley CRAWFORD, Auteur ; E. KARAKATSANI, Auteur ; G. SINGLA, Auteur ; C. OLIVER, Auteur . - p.2913-2922.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-7 (July 2019) . - p.2913-2922
Mots-clés : Aggression Autism Challenging behavior Early intervention Fragile X syndrome Impulsivity Repetitive behavior Risk markers Self-injurious behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Self-injurious and aggressive behaviors are common in fragile X syndrome (FXS). However, little is known about the persistence of these behaviors and associated risk markers. We established the prevalence and persistence of self-injurious and aggressive behaviors over eight years in males with FXS, and associations with risk markers. Results showed 77% and 69% persistence rates for self-injurious and aggressive behavior, respectively. Baseline levels of repetitive behavior predicted persistent self-injurious behavior. Chronological age, impulsivity and overactivity were associated with persistent aggressive behavior but only impulsivity predicted persistence. This is the first study to document the persistence of self-injurious and aggressive behavior in FXS over the medium to long term and to identify behavioral risk markers that might facilitate targeted early intervention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04002-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=402 Prenatal treatment path for angelman syndrome and other neurodevelopmental disorders / Mark J. ZYLKA in Autism Research, 13-1 (January 2020)
[article]
Titre : Prenatal treatment path for angelman syndrome and other neurodevelopmental disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mark J. ZYLKA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.11-17 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder birth weight case-control study epidemiology risk markers Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Angelman syndrome (AS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder caused by mutation or deletion of the maternally inherited UBE3A allele. These pathogenic mutations lead to loss of maternal UBE3A expression in neurons. Antisense oligonucleotides and gene therapies are in development, which activate the intact but epigenetically silenced paternal UBE3A allele. Preclinical studies indicate that treating during the prenatal period could greatly reduce the severity of symptoms or prevent AS from developing. Genetic tests can detect the chromosome 15q11-q13 deletion that is the most common cause of AS. New, highly sensitive noninvasive prenatal tests that take advantage of single-cell genome sequencing technologies are expected to enter the clinic in the coming years and make early genetic diagnosis of AS more common. Efforts are needed to identify fetuses and newborns with maternal 15q11-q13 deletions and to phenotype these babies relative to neurotypical controls. Clinical and parent observations suggest AS symptoms are detectable in infants, including reports of problems with feeding and motor function. Quantitative phenotypes in the 0- to 1-year age range will permit a more rapid assessment of efficacy when future treatments are administered prenatally or shortly after birth. Although prenatal therapies are currently not available for AS, prenatal testing combined with prenatal treatment has the potential to revolutionize how clinicians detect and treat babies before they are symptomatic. This pioneering prenatal treatment path for AS will lay the foundation for treating other syndromic neurodevelopmental disorders. Autism Res 2020, 13: 11-17. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Prenatal treatment could benefit expectant parents whose babies test positive for the chromosome microdeletion that causes Angelman syndrome (AS). Prenatal treatment is predicted to have better outcomes than treating after symptoms develop and may even prevent AS altogether. This approach could generally be applied to the treatment of other syndromic neurodevelopmental disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2203 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415
in Autism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.11-17[article] Prenatal treatment path for angelman syndrome and other neurodevelopmental disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mark J. ZYLKA, Auteur . - p.11-17.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.11-17
Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder birth weight case-control study epidemiology risk markers Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Angelman syndrome (AS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder caused by mutation or deletion of the maternally inherited UBE3A allele. These pathogenic mutations lead to loss of maternal UBE3A expression in neurons. Antisense oligonucleotides and gene therapies are in development, which activate the intact but epigenetically silenced paternal UBE3A allele. Preclinical studies indicate that treating during the prenatal period could greatly reduce the severity of symptoms or prevent AS from developing. Genetic tests can detect the chromosome 15q11-q13 deletion that is the most common cause of AS. New, highly sensitive noninvasive prenatal tests that take advantage of single-cell genome sequencing technologies are expected to enter the clinic in the coming years and make early genetic diagnosis of AS more common. Efforts are needed to identify fetuses and newborns with maternal 15q11-q13 deletions and to phenotype these babies relative to neurotypical controls. Clinical and parent observations suggest AS symptoms are detectable in infants, including reports of problems with feeding and motor function. Quantitative phenotypes in the 0- to 1-year age range will permit a more rapid assessment of efficacy when future treatments are administered prenatally or shortly after birth. Although prenatal therapies are currently not available for AS, prenatal testing combined with prenatal treatment has the potential to revolutionize how clinicians detect and treat babies before they are symptomatic. This pioneering prenatal treatment path for AS will lay the foundation for treating other syndromic neurodevelopmental disorders. Autism Res 2020, 13: 11-17. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Prenatal treatment could benefit expectant parents whose babies test positive for the chromosome microdeletion that causes Angelman syndrome (AS). Prenatal treatment is predicted to have better outcomes than treating after symptoms develop and may even prevent AS altogether. This approach could generally be applied to the treatment of other syndromic neurodevelopmental disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2203 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415