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Profound Expressive Language Impairment in Low Functioning Children with Autism: An Investigation of Syntactic Awareness Using a Computerised Learning Task / Maggie MCGONIGLE-CHALMERS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43-9 (September 2013)
[article]
Titre : Profound Expressive Language Impairment in Low Functioning Children with Autism: An Investigation of Syntactic Awareness Using a Computerised Learning Task Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Maggie MCGONIGLE-CHALMERS, Auteur ; Ben ALDERSON-DAY, Auteur ; Joanna FLEMING, Auteur ; Karl MONSEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2062-2081 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Expressive language impairment Low-functioning autism Syntax Executive control Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Nine low-functioning children with profound expressive language impairment and autism were studied in terms of their responsiveness to a computer-based learning program designed to assess syntactic awareness. The children learned to touch words on a screen in the correct sequence in order to see a corresponding animation, such as ‘monkey flies’. The game progressed in levels from 2 to 4 word sequences, contingent upon success at each stage. Although performance was highly variable across participants, a detailed review of their learning profiles suggested that no child lacked syntactic awareness and that elementary syntactic control in a non-speech domain was superior to that manifest in their spoken language. The reasons for production failures at the level of speech in children with autism are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1753-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=212
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 43-9 (September 2013) . - p.2062-2081[article] Profound Expressive Language Impairment in Low Functioning Children with Autism: An Investigation of Syntactic Awareness Using a Computerised Learning Task [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Maggie MCGONIGLE-CHALMERS, Auteur ; Ben ALDERSON-DAY, Auteur ; Joanna FLEMING, Auteur ; Karl MONSEN, Auteur . - p.2062-2081.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 43-9 (September 2013) . - p.2062-2081
Mots-clés : Expressive language impairment Low-functioning autism Syntax Executive control Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Nine low-functioning children with profound expressive language impairment and autism were studied in terms of their responsiveness to a computer-based learning program designed to assess syntactic awareness. The children learned to touch words on a screen in the correct sequence in order to see a corresponding animation, such as ‘monkey flies’. The game progressed in levels from 2 to 4 word sequences, contingent upon success at each stage. Although performance was highly variable across participants, a detailed review of their learning profiles suggested that no child lacked syntactic awareness and that elementary syntactic control in a non-speech domain was superior to that manifest in their spoken language. The reasons for production failures at the level of speech in children with autism are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1753-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=212 Flexibility in young people with autism spectrum disorders on a card sort task / Phil REED in Autism, 17-2 (March 2013)
[article]
Titre : Flexibility in young people with autism spectrum disorders on a card sort task Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Phil REED, Auteur ; Helen WATTS, Auteur ; Roberto TRUZOLI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.162-171 Mots-clés : behavioural flexibility discrimination learning low-functioning autism stereotyped behaviours Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adults with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have shown deficits in switching between rules governing their behaviour, as have high-functioning children with ASD. However, there are few studies of flexibility in lower-functioning children with ASD. The current study investigated this phenomenon with a group of low-functioning children with ASD compared to a mental-age-matched comparison group. The ASD group learned an initial discrimination task as quickly as the matched comparison group, but when the rule governing the discrimination was shifted, the comparison group learned the task with fewer errors, and made the discrimination more quickly than the groups with ASD. These findings suggest that low-functioning children with ASD do display the predicted deficits in extra-dimensional shift. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361311409599 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=193
in Autism > 17-2 (March 2013) . - p.162-171[article] Flexibility in young people with autism spectrum disorders on a card sort task [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Phil REED, Auteur ; Helen WATTS, Auteur ; Roberto TRUZOLI, Auteur . - p.162-171.
in Autism > 17-2 (March 2013) . - p.162-171
Mots-clés : behavioural flexibility discrimination learning low-functioning autism stereotyped behaviours Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adults with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have shown deficits in switching between rules governing their behaviour, as have high-functioning children with ASD. However, there are few studies of flexibility in lower-functioning children with ASD. The current study investigated this phenomenon with a group of low-functioning children with ASD compared to a mental-age-matched comparison group. The ASD group learned an initial discrimination task as quickly as the matched comparison group, but when the rule governing the discrimination was shifted, the comparison group learned the task with fewer errors, and made the discrimination more quickly than the groups with ASD. These findings suggest that low-functioning children with ASD do display the predicted deficits in extra-dimensional shift. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361311409599 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=193 The relationship between sleep and behavior in autism spectrum disorder (ASD): a review / S. COHEN in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 6-1 (December 2014)
[article]
Titre : The relationship between sleep and behavior in autism spectrum disorder (ASD): a review Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : S. COHEN, Auteur ; R. CONDUIT, Auteur ; S. W. LOCKLEY, Auteur ; S. M. RAJARATNAM, Auteur ; Kim CORNISH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.44 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder Low-functioning autism Sleep difficulties in ASD Treating sleep in ASD Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although there is evidence that significant sleep problems are common in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and that poor sleep exacerbates problematic daytime behavior, such relationships have received very little attention in both research and clinical practice. Treatment guidelines to help manage challenging behaviors in ASD fail to mention sleep at all, or they present a very limited account. Moreover, limited attention is given to children with low-functioning autism, those individuals who often experience the most severe sleep disruption and behavioral problems. This paper describes the nature of sleep difficulties in ASD and highlights the complexities of sleep disruption in individuals with low-functioning autism. It is proposed that profiling ASD children based on the nature of their sleep disruption might help to understand symptom and behavioral profiles (or vice versa) and therefore lead to better-targeted interventions. This paper concludes with a discussion of the limitations of current knowledge and proposes areas that are important for future research. Treating disordered sleep in ASD has great potential to improve daytime behavior and family functioning in this vulnerable population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1866-1955-6-44 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=347
in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 6-1 (December 2014) . - p.44[article] The relationship between sleep and behavior in autism spectrum disorder (ASD): a review [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / S. COHEN, Auteur ; R. CONDUIT, Auteur ; S. W. LOCKLEY, Auteur ; S. M. RAJARATNAM, Auteur ; Kim CORNISH, Auteur . - p.44.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 6-1 (December 2014) . - p.44
Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder Low-functioning autism Sleep difficulties in ASD Treating sleep in ASD Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although there is evidence that significant sleep problems are common in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and that poor sleep exacerbates problematic daytime behavior, such relationships have received very little attention in both research and clinical practice. Treatment guidelines to help manage challenging behaviors in ASD fail to mention sleep at all, or they present a very limited account. Moreover, limited attention is given to children with low-functioning autism, those individuals who often experience the most severe sleep disruption and behavioral problems. This paper describes the nature of sleep difficulties in ASD and highlights the complexities of sleep disruption in individuals with low-functioning autism. It is proposed that profiling ASD children based on the nature of their sleep disruption might help to understand symptom and behavioral profiles (or vice versa) and therefore lead to better-targeted interventions. This paper concludes with a discussion of the limitations of current knowledge and proposes areas that are important for future research. Treating disordered sleep in ASD has great potential to improve daytime behavior and family functioning in this vulnerable population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1866-1955-6-44 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=347 Methods for acquiring MRI data in children with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual impairment without the use of sedation / Christine W. NORDAHL in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 8-1 (December 2016)
[article]
Titre : Methods for acquiring MRI data in children with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual impairment without the use of sedation Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Christine W. NORDAHL, Auteur ; M. MELLO, Auteur ; A. M. SHEN, Auteur ; M. D. SHEN, Auteur ; Laurie A. VISMARA, Auteur ; D. LI, Auteur ; K. HARRINGTON, Auteur ; C. TANASE, Auteur ; Beth GOODLIN-JONES, Auteur ; S. ROGERS, Auteur ; Leonard ABBEDUTO, Auteur ; David G. AMARAL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.20 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Applied behavior analysis Brain Compliance Intellectual disability Low-functioning autism Mri Neurodevelopment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been widely used in studies evaluating the neuropathology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Studies are often limited, however, to higher functioning individuals with ASD. MRI studies of individuals with ASD and comorbid intellectual disability (ID) are lacking, due in part to the challenges of acquiring images without the use of sedation. METHODS: Utilizing principles of applied behavior analysis (ABA), we developed a protocol for acquiring structural MRI scans in school-aged children with ASD and intellectual impairment. Board certified behavior analysts worked closely with each child and their parent(s), utilizing behavior change techniques such as pairing, shaping, desensitization, and positive reinforcement, through a series of mock scanner visits to prepare the child for the MRI scan. An objective, quantitative assessment of motion artifact in T1- and diffusion-weighted scans was implemented to ensure that high-quality images were acquired. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 17 children with ASD who are participants in the UC Davis Autism Phenome Project, a longitudinal MRI study aimed at evaluating brain developmental trajectories from early to middle childhood. At the time of their initial scan (2-3.5 years), all 17 children had a diagnosis of ASD and development quotient (DQ) <70. At the time of the current scan (9-13 years), 13 participants continued to have IQs in the range of ID (mean IQ = 54.1, sd = 12.1), and four participants had IQs in the normal range (mean = 102.2, sd = 7.5). The success rate in acquiring T1-weighted images that met quality assurance for acceptable motion artifact was 100 %. The success rate for acquiring high-quality diffusion-weighted images was 94 %. CONCLUSIONS: By using principles of ABA in a research MRI setting, it is feasible to acquire high-quality images in school-aged children with ASD and intellectual impairment without the use of sedation. This is especially critical to ensure that ongoing longitudinal studies of brain development can extend from infancy and early childhood into middle childhood in children with ASD at all levels of functioning, including those with comorbid ID. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-016-9154-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=348
in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 8-1 (December 2016) . - p.20[article] Methods for acquiring MRI data in children with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual impairment without the use of sedation [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Christine W. NORDAHL, Auteur ; M. MELLO, Auteur ; A. M. SHEN, Auteur ; M. D. SHEN, Auteur ; Laurie A. VISMARA, Auteur ; D. LI, Auteur ; K. HARRINGTON, Auteur ; C. TANASE, Auteur ; Beth GOODLIN-JONES, Auteur ; S. ROGERS, Auteur ; Leonard ABBEDUTO, Auteur ; David G. AMARAL, Auteur . - p.20.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 8-1 (December 2016) . - p.20
Mots-clés : Applied behavior analysis Brain Compliance Intellectual disability Low-functioning autism Mri Neurodevelopment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been widely used in studies evaluating the neuropathology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Studies are often limited, however, to higher functioning individuals with ASD. MRI studies of individuals with ASD and comorbid intellectual disability (ID) are lacking, due in part to the challenges of acquiring images without the use of sedation. METHODS: Utilizing principles of applied behavior analysis (ABA), we developed a protocol for acquiring structural MRI scans in school-aged children with ASD and intellectual impairment. Board certified behavior analysts worked closely with each child and their parent(s), utilizing behavior change techniques such as pairing, shaping, desensitization, and positive reinforcement, through a series of mock scanner visits to prepare the child for the MRI scan. An objective, quantitative assessment of motion artifact in T1- and diffusion-weighted scans was implemented to ensure that high-quality images were acquired. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 17 children with ASD who are participants in the UC Davis Autism Phenome Project, a longitudinal MRI study aimed at evaluating brain developmental trajectories from early to middle childhood. At the time of their initial scan (2-3.5 years), all 17 children had a diagnosis of ASD and development quotient (DQ) <70. At the time of the current scan (9-13 years), 13 participants continued to have IQs in the range of ID (mean IQ = 54.1, sd = 12.1), and four participants had IQs in the normal range (mean = 102.2, sd = 7.5). The success rate in acquiring T1-weighted images that met quality assurance for acceptable motion artifact was 100 %. The success rate for acquiring high-quality diffusion-weighted images was 94 %. CONCLUSIONS: By using principles of ABA in a research MRI setting, it is feasible to acquire high-quality images in school-aged children with ASD and intellectual impairment without the use of sedation. This is especially critical to ensure that ongoing longitudinal studies of brain development can extend from infancy and early childhood into middle childhood in children with ASD at all levels of functioning, including those with comorbid ID. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-016-9154-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=348