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Disruption of visual circuit formation and refinement in a mouse model of autism / Ning CHENG in Autism Research, 10-2 (February 2017)
[article]
Titre : Disruption of visual circuit formation and refinement in a mouse model of autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ning CHENG, Auteur ; Maryam KHANBABAEI, Auteur ; Kartikeya MURARI, Auteur ; Jong M. RHO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.212-223 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder brain circuit synaptic patterning visual system lateral geniculate nucleus eye-specific segregation BTBR mouse Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Aberrant connectivity is believed to contribute to the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Recent neuroimaging studies have increasingly identified such impairments in patients with ASD, including alterations in sensory systems. However, the cellular substrates and molecular underpinnings of disrupted connectivity remain poorly understood. Utilizing eye-specific segregation in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) as a model system, we investigated the formation and refinement of precise patterning of synaptic connections in the BTBR T?+?tf/J (BTBR) mouse model of ASD. We found that at the neonatal stage, the shape of the dLGN occupied by retinal afferents was altered in the BTBR group compared to C57BL/6J (B6) animals. Notably, the degree of overlap between the ipsi- and contralateral afferents was significantly greater in the BTBR mice. Moreover, these abnormalities continued into mature stage in the BTBR animals, suggesting persistent deficits rather than delayed maturation of axonal refinement. Together, these results indicate disrupted connectivity at the synaptic patterning level in the BTBR mice, suggesting that in general, altered neural circuitry may contribute to autistic behaviours seen in this animal model. In addition, these data are consistent with the notion that lower-level, primary processing mechanisms contribute to altered visual perception in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1687 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=303
in Autism Research > 10-2 (February 2017) . - p.212-223[article] Disruption of visual circuit formation and refinement in a mouse model of autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ning CHENG, Auteur ; Maryam KHANBABAEI, Auteur ; Kartikeya MURARI, Auteur ; Jong M. RHO, Auteur . - p.212-223.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 10-2 (February 2017) . - p.212-223
Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder brain circuit synaptic patterning visual system lateral geniculate nucleus eye-specific segregation BTBR mouse Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Aberrant connectivity is believed to contribute to the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Recent neuroimaging studies have increasingly identified such impairments in patients with ASD, including alterations in sensory systems. However, the cellular substrates and molecular underpinnings of disrupted connectivity remain poorly understood. Utilizing eye-specific segregation in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) as a model system, we investigated the formation and refinement of precise patterning of synaptic connections in the BTBR T?+?tf/J (BTBR) mouse model of ASD. We found that at the neonatal stage, the shape of the dLGN occupied by retinal afferents was altered in the BTBR group compared to C57BL/6J (B6) animals. Notably, the degree of overlap between the ipsi- and contralateral afferents was significantly greater in the BTBR mice. Moreover, these abnormalities continued into mature stage in the BTBR animals, suggesting persistent deficits rather than delayed maturation of axonal refinement. Together, these results indicate disrupted connectivity at the synaptic patterning level in the BTBR mice, suggesting that in general, altered neural circuitry may contribute to autistic behaviours seen in this animal model. In addition, these data are consistent with the notion that lower-level, primary processing mechanisms contribute to altered visual perception in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1687 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=303 Enhanced parietal cortex activation during location detection in children with autism / Thomas P. DERAMUS in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 6-1 (December 2014)
[article]
Titre : Enhanced parietal cortex activation during location detection in children with autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Thomas P. DERAMUS, Auteur ; Briley S. BLACK, Auteur ; M. R. PENNICK, Auteur ; R. K. KANA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.37 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Dorsal Functional connectivity Location detection Object recognition Ventral Visual system fMRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Visuospatial processing has been found to be mediated primarily by two cortical routes, one of which is unique to recognizing objects (occipital-temporal, ventral or "what" pathway) and the other to detecting the location of objects in space (parietal-occipital, dorsal or "where" pathway). Considering previous findings of relative advantage in people with autism in visuospatial processing, this functional MRI study examined the connectivity in the dorsal and ventral pathways in high-functioning children with autism. METHODS: Seventeen high-functioning children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and 19 age-and-IQ-matched typically developing (TD) participants took part in this study. A simple visual task involving object recognition and location detection was used. In the MRI scanner, participants were shown grey scale pictures of objects (e.g., toys, household items, etc.) and were asked to identify the objects presented or to specify the location of objects relative to a cross at the center of the screen. RESULTS: Children with ASD, relative to TD children, displayed significantly greater activation in the left inferior parietal lobule (especially the angular gyrus) while detecting the location of objects. However, there were no group differences in brain activity during object recognition. There were also differences in functional connectivity, with the ASD participants showing decreased connectivity of the inferior temporal area with parietal and occipital areas during location detection. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study underscore previous findings of an increased reliance on visuospatial processing (increased parietal activation) for information processing in ASD individuals. In addition, such processing may be more local, focal, and detailed in ASD as evidenced from the weaker functional connectivity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1866-1955-6-37 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=346
in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 6-1 (December 2014) . - p.37[article] Enhanced parietal cortex activation during location detection in children with autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Thomas P. DERAMUS, Auteur ; Briley S. BLACK, Auteur ; M. R. PENNICK, Auteur ; R. K. KANA, Auteur . - p.37.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 6-1 (December 2014) . - p.37
Mots-clés : Autism Dorsal Functional connectivity Location detection Object recognition Ventral Visual system fMRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Visuospatial processing has been found to be mediated primarily by two cortical routes, one of which is unique to recognizing objects (occipital-temporal, ventral or "what" pathway) and the other to detecting the location of objects in space (parietal-occipital, dorsal or "where" pathway). Considering previous findings of relative advantage in people with autism in visuospatial processing, this functional MRI study examined the connectivity in the dorsal and ventral pathways in high-functioning children with autism. METHODS: Seventeen high-functioning children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and 19 age-and-IQ-matched typically developing (TD) participants took part in this study. A simple visual task involving object recognition and location detection was used. In the MRI scanner, participants were shown grey scale pictures of objects (e.g., toys, household items, etc.) and were asked to identify the objects presented or to specify the location of objects relative to a cross at the center of the screen. RESULTS: Children with ASD, relative to TD children, displayed significantly greater activation in the left inferior parietal lobule (especially the angular gyrus) while detecting the location of objects. However, there were no group differences in brain activity during object recognition. There were also differences in functional connectivity, with the ASD participants showing decreased connectivity of the inferior temporal area with parietal and occipital areas during location detection. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study underscore previous findings of an increased reliance on visuospatial processing (increased parietal activation) for information processing in ASD individuals. In addition, such processing may be more local, focal, and detailed in ASD as evidenced from the weaker functional connectivity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1866-1955-6-37 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=346