Dépouillements

Practitioner Review: Short-term and working memory impairments in neurodevelopmental disorders: diagnosis and remedial support / Susan E. GATHERCOLE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47-1 (January 2006)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-1 (January 2006) . - p.4–15 Titre : Practitioner Review: Short-term and working memory impairments in neurodevelopmental disorders: diagnosis and remedial support Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Susan E. GATHERCOLE, Auteur ; Tracy PACKIAM ALLOWAY, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p.4–15 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Working-memory short-term-memory Down-syndrome Williams-syndrome Specific-Language-Impairment attentional-deficits Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: This article provides an introduction to current models of working and short-term memory, their links with learning, and diagnosis of impairments. The memory impairments associated with a range of neurodevelopmental disorders (Down's syndrome, Williams syndrome, Specific Language Impairment, and attentional deficits) are discussed. Methods: Methods of alleviating the adverse consequences of working and short-term memory impairments for learning are identified. Conclusion: Impairments of short-term and working memory are associated with learning difficulties that can be substantial, and that can be minimised by appropriate methods of remedial support. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01446.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=697 [article] Practitioner Review: Short-term and working memory impairments in neurodevelopmental disorders: diagnosis and remedial support [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Susan E. GATHERCOLE, Auteur ; Tracy PACKIAM ALLOWAY, Auteur . - 2006 . - p.4–15. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-1 (January 2006) . - p.4–15 Mots-clés : Working-memory short-term-memory Down-syndrome Williams-syndrome Specific-Language-Impairment attentional-deficits Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: This article provides an introduction to current models of working and short-term memory, their links with learning, and diagnosis of impairments. The memory impairments associated with a range of neurodevelopmental disorders (Down's syndrome, Williams syndrome, Specific Language Impairment, and attentional deficits) are discussed. Methods: Methods of alleviating the adverse consequences of working and short-term memory impairments for learning are identified. Conclusion: Impairments of short-term and working memory are associated with learning difficulties that can be substantial, and that can be minimised by appropriate methods of remedial support. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01446.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=697

Abortion in young women and subsequent mental health / David M. FERGUSSON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47-1 (January 2006)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-1 (January 2006) . - p.16–24 Titre : Abortion in young women and subsequent mental health Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : David M. FERGUSSON, Auteur ; John L. HORWOOD, Auteur ; Elizabeth M. RIDDER, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p.16–24 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Abortion pregnancy mental-disorder depression anxiety suicidal-behaviour substance-dependence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The extent to which abortion has harmful consequences for mental health remains controversial. We aimed to examine the linkages between having an abortion and mental health outcomes over the interval from age 15–25 years. Methods: Data were gathered as part of the Christchurch Health and Development Study, a 25-year longitudinal study of a birth cohort of New Zealand children. Information was obtained on: a) the history of pregnancy/abortion for female participants over the interval from 15–25 years; b) measures of DSM-IV mental disorders and suicidal behaviour over the intervals 15–18, 18–21 and 21–25 years; and c) childhood, family and related confounding factors. Results: Forty-one percent of women had become pregnant on at least one occasion prior to age 25, with 14.6% having an abortion. Those having an abortion had elevated rates of subsequent mental health problems including depression, anxiety, suicidal behaviours and substance use disorders. This association persisted after adjustment for confounding factors. Conclusions: The findings suggest that abortion in young women may be associated with increased risks of mental health problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01538.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=698 [article] Abortion in young women and subsequent mental health [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / David M. FERGUSSON, Auteur ; John L. HORWOOD, Auteur ; Elizabeth M. RIDDER, Auteur . - 2006 . - p.16–24. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-1 (January 2006) . - p.16–24 Mots-clés : Abortion pregnancy mental-disorder depression anxiety suicidal-behaviour substance-dependence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The extent to which abortion has harmful consequences for mental health remains controversial. We aimed to examine the linkages between having an abortion and mental health outcomes over the interval from age 15–25 years. Methods: Data were gathered as part of the Christchurch Health and Development Study, a 25-year longitudinal study of a birth cohort of New Zealand children. Information was obtained on: a) the history of pregnancy/abortion for female participants over the interval from 15–25 years; b) measures of DSM-IV mental disorders and suicidal behaviour over the intervals 15–18, 18–21 and 21–25 years; and c) childhood, family and related confounding factors. Results: Forty-one percent of women had become pregnant on at least one occasion prior to age 25, with 14.6% having an abortion. Those having an abortion had elevated rates of subsequent mental health problems including depression, anxiety, suicidal behaviours and substance use disorders. This association persisted after adjustment for confounding factors. Conclusions: The findings suggest that abortion in young women may be associated with increased risks of mental health problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01538.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=698

Infant motor development is associated with adult cognitive categorisation in a longitudinal birth cohort study / Graham K. MURRAY in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47-1 (January 2006)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-1 (January 2006) . - p.25–29 Titre : Infant motor development is associated with adult cognitive categorisation in a longitudinal birth cohort study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Graham K. MURRAY, Auteur ; Juha VEIJOLA, Auteur ; Jouko MIETTUNEN, Auteur ; David C. GLAHN, Auteur ; Tyrone D. CANNON, Auteur ; Peter B. JONES, Auteur ; Matti ISOHANNI, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p.25–29 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Development executive-function longitudinal-studies motor-skills neuropsychology infancy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The relationship between the age of reaching infant developmental milestones and later intellectual function within the normal population remains unresolved. We hypothesised that the age of learning to stand in infancy would be associated with adult executive function and that the association would be apparent throughout the range of abilities, rather than confined to extremes. Methods: The Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort is based upon 12,058 live-born children in a geographic and temporally defined population. Information on age at learning to stand without support was obtained at one year. At age 33–35 a random sample of 104 subjects underwent a neuropsychological test battery including tests of executive function (cognitive categorisation), visuo-spatial memory, verbal learning and visual object learning. We investigated associations between developmental data and adult neuropsychological test scores. Results: There was a significant linear relationship between age of learning to stand and adult categorisation: the earlier the attainment of the milestone, the better was the categorisation. No such relationships were observed between infant neurodevelopment and adult cognition in other neuropsychological domains. Conclusion: Even within the normal range of development, early development in the gross motor domain is associated with better adult executive function (in tests of categorisation). Investigation of the determinants and sequelae of normal neural development will facilitate research into a variety of neurodevelopmental disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01450.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=699 [article] Infant motor development is associated with adult cognitive categorisation in a longitudinal birth cohort study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Graham K. MURRAY, Auteur ; Juha VEIJOLA, Auteur ; Jouko MIETTUNEN, Auteur ; David C. GLAHN, Auteur ; Tyrone D. CANNON, Auteur ; Peter B. JONES, Auteur ; Matti ISOHANNI, Auteur . - 2006 . - p.25–29. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-1 (January 2006) . - p.25–29 Mots-clés : Development executive-function longitudinal-studies motor-skills neuropsychology infancy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The relationship between the age of reaching infant developmental milestones and later intellectual function within the normal population remains unresolved. We hypothesised that the age of learning to stand in infancy would be associated with adult executive function and that the association would be apparent throughout the range of abilities, rather than confined to extremes. Methods: The Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort is based upon 12,058 live-born children in a geographic and temporally defined population. Information on age at learning to stand without support was obtained at one year. At age 33–35 a random sample of 104 subjects underwent a neuropsychological test battery including tests of executive function (cognitive categorisation), visuo-spatial memory, verbal learning and visual object learning. We investigated associations between developmental data and adult neuropsychological test scores. Results: There was a significant linear relationship between age of learning to stand and adult categorisation: the earlier the attainment of the milestone, the better was the categorisation. No such relationships were observed between infant neurodevelopment and adult cognition in other neuropsychological domains. Conclusion: Even within the normal range of development, early development in the gross motor domain is associated with better adult executive function (in tests of categorisation). Investigation of the determinants and sequelae of normal neural development will facilitate research into a variety of neurodevelopmental disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01450.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=699

The relation between salivary cortisol, callous-unemotional traits, and conduct problems in an adolescent non-referred sample / Bryan R. LONEY in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47-1 (January 2006)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-1 (January 2006) . - p.30–36 Titre : The relation between salivary cortisol, callous-unemotional traits, and conduct problems in an adolescent non-referred sample Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Bryan R. LONEY, Auteur ; Melanie A. BUTLER, Auteur ; Elizabeth N. LIMA, Auteur ; Carla A. COUNTS, Auteur ; Lisa A. ECKEL, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p.30–36 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Callous-unemotional-traits cortisol psychopathy gender Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Previous research has suggested that adult psychopathic behavior and child callous-unemotional (CU) traits are uniquely related to low emotional reactivity. Salivary cortisol is a promising biological measure of emotional reactivity that has been relatively overlooked in research on CU traits and antisocial behavior. The current study examined for gender differences in the relation between resting salivary cortisol levels and CU traits in a non-referred adolescent sample. Salivary testosterone levels were assessed to provide discriminant validity for cortisol analyses and were not expected to bear a relation to CU traits. Method: An extreme groups strategy was used to recruit 108 adolescents (53 male, 55 female) from a larger screening sample who exhibited various combinations of low and high scores on parent-report measures of CU traits and conduct problems. Resting saliva samples were assayed for cortisol and testosterone levels using a radioimmunoassay procedure. Results: Consistent with prediction, male participants exhibiting elevated CU traits were uniquely characterized by low cortisol levels relative to male comparison groups (p < .05). Testosterone levels did not differentiate groups and no hormone effects were found for female participants. Conclusions: The current findings build upon recent research in suggesting that low cortisol may be a biological marker for male CU traits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01444.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=700 [article] The relation between salivary cortisol, callous-unemotional traits, and conduct problems in an adolescent non-referred sample [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Bryan R. LONEY, Auteur ; Melanie A. BUTLER, Auteur ; Elizabeth N. LIMA, Auteur ; Carla A. COUNTS, Auteur ; Lisa A. ECKEL, Auteur . - 2006 . - p.30–36. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-1 (January 2006) . - p.30–36 Mots-clés : Callous-unemotional-traits cortisol psychopathy gender Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Previous research has suggested that adult psychopathic behavior and child callous-unemotional (CU) traits are uniquely related to low emotional reactivity. Salivary cortisol is a promising biological measure of emotional reactivity that has been relatively overlooked in research on CU traits and antisocial behavior. The current study examined for gender differences in the relation between resting salivary cortisol levels and CU traits in a non-referred adolescent sample. Salivary testosterone levels were assessed to provide discriminant validity for cortisol analyses and were not expected to bear a relation to CU traits. Method: An extreme groups strategy was used to recruit 108 adolescents (53 male, 55 female) from a larger screening sample who exhibited various combinations of low and high scores on parent-report measures of CU traits and conduct problems. Resting saliva samples were assayed for cortisol and testosterone levels using a radioimmunoassay procedure. Results: Consistent with prediction, male participants exhibiting elevated CU traits were uniquely characterized by low cortisol levels relative to male comparison groups (p < .05). Testosterone levels did not differentiate groups and no hormone effects were found for female participants. Conclusions: The current findings build upon recent research in suggesting that low cortisol may be a biological marker for male CU traits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01444.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=700

Structural equation analysis of a hypothesised symptom model in the autism spectrum / Natasja D.J. VAN LANG in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47-1 (January 2006)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-1 (January 2006) . - p.37–44 Titre : Structural equation analysis of a hypothesised symptom model in the autism spectrum Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Natasja D.J. VAN LANG, Auteur ; Anne BOOMSMA, Auteur ; Sjoerd SYTEMA, Auteur ; Annelies A. DE BILDT, Auteur ; Dirk W. KRAIJER, Auteur ; Cees KETELAARS, Auteur ; Ruud B. MINDERAA, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p.37–44 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism-spectrum-disorder symptom-structure structural-equation-modelling Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Several studies showed a different symptom structure underlying the spectrum of autistic-like disorders from the behaviour triad as mentioned in the DSM-IV. In the present study, a hypothesised symptom model for autism was constructed, based on earlier explorative findings, and was put to a confirmatory test. Method: Items from the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) were used to examine the goodness of fit of the DSM-IV model, the hypothesised symptom model, and two additional models for autism. All models were tested in a group of 255 verbal and nonverbal individuals with minor to severe autistic symptomatology. Results: The DSM-IV model encountered estimation problems. Conversely, the hypothesised symptom model had no such problems and proved to have a better fit to the sample data than the two additional models for autism. However, some of the observed variables were weak indicators of the three latent factors in the model. Conclusions: The hypothesised symptom model appeared to be a plausible model in a group of individuals with a broad range of autistic behaviours and levels of functioning. Nevertheless, the stability of the model needs further examination in a larger group of individuals with disorders in the autism spectrum, and with varying degrees of intellectual functioning. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01434.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=701 [article] Structural equation analysis of a hypothesised symptom model in the autism spectrum [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Natasja D.J. VAN LANG, Auteur ; Anne BOOMSMA, Auteur ; Sjoerd SYTEMA, Auteur ; Annelies A. DE BILDT, Auteur ; Dirk W. KRAIJER, Auteur ; Cees KETELAARS, Auteur ; Ruud B. MINDERAA, Auteur . - 2006 . - p.37–44. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-1 (January 2006) . - p.37–44 Mots-clés : Autism-spectrum-disorder symptom-structure structural-equation-modelling Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Several studies showed a different symptom structure underlying the spectrum of autistic-like disorders from the behaviour triad as mentioned in the DSM-IV. In the present study, a hypothesised symptom model for autism was constructed, based on earlier explorative findings, and was put to a confirmatory test. Method: Items from the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) were used to examine the goodness of fit of the DSM-IV model, the hypothesised symptom model, and two additional models for autism. All models were tested in a group of 255 verbal and nonverbal individuals with minor to severe autistic symptomatology. Results: The DSM-IV model encountered estimation problems. Conversely, the hypothesised symptom model had no such problems and proved to have a better fit to the sample data than the two additional models for autism. However, some of the observed variables were weak indicators of the three latent factors in the model. Conclusions: The hypothesised symptom model appeared to be a plausible model in a group of individuals with a broad range of autistic behaviours and levels of functioning. Nevertheless, the stability of the model needs further examination in a larger group of individuals with disorders in the autism spectrum, and with varying degrees of intellectual functioning. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01434.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=701

Social behavior and peer relationships of victims, bully-victims, and bullies in kindergarten / Sonja PERREN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47-1 (January 2006)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-1 (January 2006) . - p.45–57 Titre : Social behavior and peer relationships of victims, bully-victims, and bullies in kindergarten Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sonja PERREN, Auteur ; Françoise D. ALSAKER, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p.45–57 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Bullying peer-victimization kindergarten-age peer-relationships social-behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Although the prevalence of bully/victim problems in school-age children and adolescents has been investigated in many countries, only a few studies have been carried out among younger children. This study examines social behaviors and peer relationships of children involved in bully/victim problems in kindergarten. Methods: Three hundred and forty-four five- to seven-year-old children participated. Children were categorized as victims, bully-victims, bullies, and non-involved by means of teacher ratings and peer nominations. Teachers completed questionnaires on children's social behavior patterns. Peer relationships were assessed by means of peer nominations and social cluster mapping. Results: Compared to non-involved children, victims were more submissive, had fewer leadership skills, were more withdrawn, more isolated, less cooperative, less sociable, and frequently had no playmates. As expected, bullies and bully-victims were generally more aggressive than their peers. In addition, bully-victims were less cooperative, less sociable, and more frequently had no playmates than non-involved children. Bullies were less prosocial, and had more leadership skills than non-involved children. Bullies belonged to larger social clusters and were frequently affiliated with other bullies or bully-victims. Conclusions: We were able to establish distinct behavior patterns for bullies, bully-victims, and victims. Some of these social behaviors may be considered as risk factors for being victimized or becoming a bully. Our findings also emphasize the significance of peer relationships in bully/victim problems. On the one hand, victimized children's lack of friends might render them psychologically and socially vulnerable, and thus more prone to becoming easy targets. On the other hand, bullies seemed to be preferred playmates, particularly for other aggressive boys. This affiliation of aggressive children might lead to an increase in bullying behavior. Our understanding of the social and interactional nature of bullying and victimization has practical implications for prevention and intervention against bully/victim problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01445.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=702 [article] Social behavior and peer relationships of victims, bully-victims, and bullies in kindergarten [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sonja PERREN, Auteur ; Françoise D. ALSAKER, Auteur . - 2006 . - p.45–57. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-1 (January 2006) . - p.45–57 Mots-clés : Bullying peer-victimization kindergarten-age peer-relationships social-behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Although the prevalence of bully/victim problems in school-age children and adolescents has been investigated in many countries, only a few studies have been carried out among younger children. This study examines social behaviors and peer relationships of children involved in bully/victim problems in kindergarten. Methods: Three hundred and forty-four five- to seven-year-old children participated. Children were categorized as victims, bully-victims, bullies, and non-involved by means of teacher ratings and peer nominations. Teachers completed questionnaires on children's social behavior patterns. Peer relationships were assessed by means of peer nominations and social cluster mapping. Results: Compared to non-involved children, victims were more submissive, had fewer leadership skills, were more withdrawn, more isolated, less cooperative, less sociable, and frequently had no playmates. As expected, bullies and bully-victims were generally more aggressive than their peers. In addition, bully-victims were less cooperative, less sociable, and more frequently had no playmates than non-involved children. Bullies were less prosocial, and had more leadership skills than non-involved children. Bullies belonged to larger social clusters and were frequently affiliated with other bullies or bully-victims. Conclusions: We were able to establish distinct behavior patterns for bullies, bully-victims, and victims. Some of these social behaviors may be considered as risk factors for being victimized or becoming a bully. Our findings also emphasize the significance of peer relationships in bully/victim problems. On the one hand, victimized children's lack of friends might render them psychologically and socially vulnerable, and thus more prone to becoming easy targets. On the other hand, bullies seemed to be preferred playmates, particularly for other aggressive boys. This affiliation of aggressive children might lead to an increase in bullying behavior. Our understanding of the social and interactional nature of bullying and victimization has practical implications for prevention and intervention against bully/victim problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01445.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=702

Population and service characteristics of youth with schizophrenia-spectrum diagnoses in the Hawaii system of care / Jason SCHIFFMAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47-1 (January 2006)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-1 (January 2006) . - p.58–62 Titre : Population and service characteristics of youth with schizophrenia-spectrum diagnoses in the Hawaii system of care Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jason SCHIFFMAN, Auteur ; Eric L. DALEIDEN, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p.58–62 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Schizophrenia-spectrum services demographics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Population and service characteristics were compared for youth (age 0–18 years) with and without schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, who received public mental health services in Hawaii's comprehensive system of care between July 1, 2000 and June 30, 2001. Methods: Electronic records of youth with a diagnosis in the schizophrenia-spectrum (n = 71) were compared to all other youth (n = 13,904) who received services with respect to age, gender, ethnicity, comorbidity, type of service, and service cost. Results: The schizophrenia-spectrum group had higher Asian representation, greater comorbidity, and was more likely to receive restrictive services for a higher average annual expense. When restrictive services were provided, they were of similar duration and intensity across groups. Almost all youth received less intensive services, but the schizophrenia-spectrum group received a higher frequency or longer duration of such services. Conclusions: Although youth with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders were uncommon, collectively they represented a distinct population with above average service consumption. Future monitoring of interventions and outcomes may help develop systematic and effective treatment strategies for youth with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01448.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=703 [article] Population and service characteristics of youth with schizophrenia-spectrum diagnoses in the Hawaii system of care [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jason SCHIFFMAN, Auteur ; Eric L. DALEIDEN, Auteur . - 2006 . - p.58–62. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-1 (January 2006) . - p.58–62 Mots-clés : Schizophrenia-spectrum services demographics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Population and service characteristics were compared for youth (age 0–18 years) with and without schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, who received public mental health services in Hawaii's comprehensive system of care between July 1, 2000 and June 30, 2001. Methods: Electronic records of youth with a diagnosis in the schizophrenia-spectrum (n = 71) were compared to all other youth (n = 13,904) who received services with respect to age, gender, ethnicity, comorbidity, type of service, and service cost. Results: The schizophrenia-spectrum group had higher Asian representation, greater comorbidity, and was more likely to receive restrictive services for a higher average annual expense. When restrictive services were provided, they were of similar duration and intensity across groups. Almost all youth received less intensive services, but the schizophrenia-spectrum group received a higher frequency or longer duration of such services. Conclusions: Although youth with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders were uncommon, collectively they represented a distinct population with above average service consumption. Future monitoring of interventions and outcomes may help develop systematic and effective treatment strategies for youth with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01448.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=703

Attention development in 10-month-old infants selected by the WILSTAAR screen for pre-language difficulties / Ian ST JAMES-ROBERTS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47-1 (January 2006)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-1 (January 2006) . - p.63–68 Titre : Attention development in 10-month-old infants selected by the WILSTAAR screen for pre-language difficulties Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ian ST JAMES-ROBERTS, Auteur ; Enid ALSTON, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p.63–68 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Infant-attention screening language-difficulties Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: WILSTAAR comprises a programme for identifying and treating 8–10-month-old infants who are at risk of language and cognitive difficulties. It has been adopted by health trusts, and included in Sure Start intervention schemes, throughout the UK. This study addresses one of the main queries raised by critics of the programme, by providing evidence about the psychological abilities of infants who fail the WILSTAAR screening assessment. Methods: Thirty 10-month-old infants who failed the screen ('at-risk' infants) and 30 gender- and age-matched infants who passed the screen ('not-at-risk' infants) were assessed using a standard, validated measure of attention, the Distractibility Task. Results: The at-risk infants were found to have poorer focused attention, and were more distractible, than the not-at-risk infants. The not-at-risk infants were quicker in deducing that distractor slides included in the task were of little importance, spent more sustained periods of time in focused attention on toy play, and were quicker in learning to use the information available in the task. Conclusions: The findings contribute to knowledge about infants' psychological development and provide partial support for the thinking underlying WILSTAAR. Evidence was found to support concerns about the accuracy of the WILSTAAR screening assessment, and issues about the trade-off between assessment age and the inclusion of WILSTAAR in routine services are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01449.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=704 [article] Attention development in 10-month-old infants selected by the WILSTAAR screen for pre-language difficulties [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ian ST JAMES-ROBERTS, Auteur ; Enid ALSTON, Auteur . - 2006 . - p.63–68. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-1 (January 2006) . - p.63–68 Mots-clés : Infant-attention screening language-difficulties Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: WILSTAAR comprises a programme for identifying and treating 8–10-month-old infants who are at risk of language and cognitive difficulties. It has been adopted by health trusts, and included in Sure Start intervention schemes, throughout the UK. This study addresses one of the main queries raised by critics of the programme, by providing evidence about the psychological abilities of infants who fail the WILSTAAR screening assessment. Methods: Thirty 10-month-old infants who failed the screen ('at-risk' infants) and 30 gender- and age-matched infants who passed the screen ('not-at-risk' infants) were assessed using a standard, validated measure of attention, the Distractibility Task. Results: The at-risk infants were found to have poorer focused attention, and were more distractible, than the not-at-risk infants. The not-at-risk infants were quicker in deducing that distractor slides included in the task were of little importance, spent more sustained periods of time in focused attention on toy play, and were quicker in learning to use the information available in the task. Conclusions: The findings contribute to knowledge about infants' psychological development and provide partial support for the thinking underlying WILSTAAR. Evidence was found to support concerns about the accuracy of the WILSTAAR screening assessment, and issues about the trade-off between assessment age and the inclusion of WILSTAAR in routine services are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01449.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=704

Emotion regulation strategies in offspring of childhood-onset depressed mothers / Jennifer S. SILK in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47-1 (January 2006)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-1 (January 2006) . - p.69–78 Titre : Emotion regulation strategies in offspring of childhood-onset depressed mothers Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jennifer S. SILK, Auteur ; Daniel S. SHAW, Auteur ; Emily M. SKUBAN, Auteur ; Alyssa A. OLAND, Auteur ; Maria KOVACS, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p.69–78 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Maternal-depression emotion-regulation gender-differences parenting childhood-onset-depression Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: This study examines emotion regulation strategies used by children of mothers with childhood-onset depression (COD) and children of never-depressed mothers (NCOD). Methods: Participants were 49 COD offspring (ages 4–7) and 37 NCOD offspring (ages 4–7) and their mothers. Emotion regulation strategies were assessed observationally during a laboratory mood induction paradigm. Results: COD offspring were more likely to focus on the delay object or task than NCOD offspring. Daughters of COD mothers were also more likely to wait passively and less likely to engage in active distraction than daughters of NCOD mothers. These findings were replicated using number of maternal depressive episodes. Conclusions: COD offspring, especially daughters, exhibit a more passive style of regulating emotion that may place them at risk for developing psychopathology. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01440.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=705 [article] Emotion regulation strategies in offspring of childhood-onset depressed mothers [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jennifer S. SILK, Auteur ; Daniel S. SHAW, Auteur ; Emily M. SKUBAN, Auteur ; Alyssa A. OLAND, Auteur ; Maria KOVACS, Auteur . - 2006 . - p.69–78. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-1 (January 2006) . - p.69–78 Mots-clés : Maternal-depression emotion-regulation gender-differences parenting childhood-onset-depression Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: This study examines emotion regulation strategies used by children of mothers with childhood-onset depression (COD) and children of never-depressed mothers (NCOD). Methods: Participants were 49 COD offspring (ages 4–7) and 37 NCOD offspring (ages 4–7) and their mothers. Emotion regulation strategies were assessed observationally during a laboratory mood induction paradigm. Results: COD offspring were more likely to focus on the delay object or task than NCOD offspring. Daughters of COD mothers were also more likely to wait passively and less likely to engage in active distraction than daughters of NCOD mothers. These findings were replicated using number of maternal depressive episodes. Conclusions: COD offspring, especially daughters, exhibit a more passive style of regulating emotion that may place them at risk for developing psychopathology. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01440.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=705

Maternal depression, child frontal asymmetry, and child affective behavior as factors in child behavior problems / Erika E. FORBES in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47-1 (January 2006)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-1 (January 2006) . - p.79–87 Titre : Maternal depression, child frontal asymmetry, and child affective behavior as factors in child behavior problems Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Erika E. FORBES, Auteur ; Jennifer S. SILK, Auteur ; Daniel S. SHAW, Auteur ; Maria KOVACS, Auteur ; Nathan A. FOX, Auteur ; Jeffrey F. COHN, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p.79–87 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Maternal-depression behavior-problems affect-regulation psychophysiology parent–child-interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Despite findings that parent depression increases children's risk for internalizing and externalizing problems, little is known about other factors that combine with parent depression to contribute to behavior problems. Methods: As part of a longitudinal, interdisciplinary study on childhood-onset depression (COD), we examined the association of mother history of COD, child frontal electroencephalogram asymmetry, and affective behavior with children's concurrent behavior problems. Results: Children in the COD group had higher anxious/depressed and aggressive problems than did children in the control group, but this was qualified by a COD-by-asymmetry interaction effect. For COD but not control children, left frontal asymmetry was associated with both anxious/depressed and aggressive child problems. Children with left frontal asymmetry and low affect regulation behavior had higher anxious/depressed problems than did those with high affect regulation behavior. Boys with left frontal asymmetry had higher aggressive problems than did those with right frontal asymmetry. Conclusions: In children of mothers with COD, physiological and behavioral indices of affect regulation may constitute risks for behavior problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01442.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=706 [article] Maternal depression, child frontal asymmetry, and child affective behavior as factors in child behavior problems [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Erika E. FORBES, Auteur ; Jennifer S. SILK, Auteur ; Daniel S. SHAW, Auteur ; Maria KOVACS, Auteur ; Nathan A. FOX, Auteur ; Jeffrey F. COHN, Auteur . - 2006 . - p.79–87. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-1 (January 2006) . - p.79–87 Mots-clés : Maternal-depression behavior-problems affect-regulation psychophysiology parent–child-interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Despite findings that parent depression increases children's risk for internalizing and externalizing problems, little is known about other factors that combine with parent depression to contribute to behavior problems. Methods: As part of a longitudinal, interdisciplinary study on childhood-onset depression (COD), we examined the association of mother history of COD, child frontal electroencephalogram asymmetry, and affective behavior with children's concurrent behavior problems. Results: Children in the COD group had higher anxious/depressed and aggressive problems than did children in the control group, but this was qualified by a COD-by-asymmetry interaction effect. For COD but not control children, left frontal asymmetry was associated with both anxious/depressed and aggressive child problems. Children with left frontal asymmetry and low affect regulation behavior had higher anxious/depressed problems than did those with high affect regulation behavior. Boys with left frontal asymmetry had higher aggressive problems than did those with right frontal asymmetry. Conclusions: In children of mothers with COD, physiological and behavioral indices of affect regulation may constitute risks for behavior problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01442.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=706

Discrimination of temporal synchrony in intermodal events by children with autism and children with developmental disabilities without autism / James M. BEBKO in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47-1 (January 2006)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-1 (January 2006) . - p.88–98 Titre : Discrimination of temporal synchrony in intermodal events by children with autism and children with developmental disabilities without autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : James M. BEBKO, Auteur ; Jonathan A. WEISS, Auteur ; Jenny L. DEMARK, Auteur ; Pamela GOMEZ, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p.88–98 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention auditory-visual perception autistic-disorder information-processing intermodal-processing language Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: This project examined the intermodal perception of temporal synchrony in 16 young children (ages 4 to 6 years) with autism compared to a group of children without impairments matched on adaptive age, and a group of children with other developmental disabilities matched on chronological and adaptive age. Method: A preferential looking paradigm was used, where participants viewed non-linguistic, simple linguistic or complex linguistic events on two screens displaying identical video tracks, but one offset from the other by 3 seconds, and with the single audio track matched to only one of the displays. Results: As predicted, both comparison groups demonstrated significant non-random preferential looking to violations of temporal synchrony with linguistic and non-linguistic stimuli. However, the group with autism showed an impaired, chance level of responding, except when presented with non-linguistic stimuli. Conclusions: Several explanations are offered for this apparently autism-specific, language-specific pattern of responding to temporal synchrony, and potential developmental sequelae are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01443.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=707 [article] Discrimination of temporal synchrony in intermodal events by children with autism and children with developmental disabilities without autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / James M. BEBKO, Auteur ; Jonathan A. WEISS, Auteur ; Jenny L. DEMARK, Auteur ; Pamela GOMEZ, Auteur . - 2006 . - p.88–98. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-1 (January 2006) . - p.88–98 Mots-clés : Attention auditory-visual perception autistic-disorder information-processing intermodal-processing language Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: This project examined the intermodal perception of temporal synchrony in 16 young children (ages 4 to 6 years) with autism compared to a group of children without impairments matched on adaptive age, and a group of children with other developmental disabilities matched on chronological and adaptive age. Method: A preferential looking paradigm was used, where participants viewed non-linguistic, simple linguistic or complex linguistic events on two screens displaying identical video tracks, but one offset from the other by 3 seconds, and with the single audio track matched to only one of the displays. Results: As predicted, both comparison groups demonstrated significant non-random preferential looking to violations of temporal synchrony with linguistic and non-linguistic stimuli. However, the group with autism showed an impaired, chance level of responding, except when presented with non-linguistic stimuli. Conclusions: Several explanations are offered for this apparently autism-specific, language-specific pattern of responding to temporal synchrony, and potential developmental sequelae are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01443.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=707

Predictors of parent training efficacy for child externalizing behavior problems – a meta-analytic review / Sandra M. REYNO in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47-1 (January 2006)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-1 (January 2006) . - p.99–111 Titre : Predictors of parent training efficacy for child externalizing behavior problems – a meta-analytic review Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sandra M. REYNO, Auteur ; Patrick J. MCGRATH, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p.99–111 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Predictor efficacy parent-training externalizing-behavior-problems meta-analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The differential effectiveness of parent training has led researchers to examine a variety of child, parent, and familial variables that may predict treatment response. Studies have identified a diverse set of child, parent psychological/behavioral and demographic variables that are associated with treatment outcome and dropout. Method: The parent training literature was examined to isolate child, parent, and family variables that predict response to parent training for child externalizing behavior problems. A literature review was conducted spanning articles published from 1980 to 2004 of indicated prevention (children with symptoms) and treatment (children with diagnosis) studies. Meta-analyses were conducted to determine standardized effect sizes associated with the identified predictors. Results: Many of the predictors of treatment response examined in this meta-analysis resulted in moderate standardized effect sizes when study results were subjected to meta-analytic procedures (i.e., low education/occupation, more severe child behavior problems pretreatment, maternal psychopathology). Only low family income resulted in a large standardized effect size. Predictors of drop-out resulted in standardized effect sizes in the small or insubstantial range. Conclusions: Response to parent training is often influenced by variables not directly involving the child, with socioeconomic status and maternal mental health being particularly salient factors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01544.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=708 [article] Predictors of parent training efficacy for child externalizing behavior problems – a meta-analytic review [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sandra M. REYNO, Auteur ; Patrick J. MCGRATH, Auteur . - 2006 . - p.99–111. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-1 (January 2006) . - p.99–111 Mots-clés : Predictor efficacy parent-training externalizing-behavior-problems meta-analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The differential effectiveness of parent training has led researchers to examine a variety of child, parent, and familial variables that may predict treatment response. Studies have identified a diverse set of child, parent psychological/behavioral and demographic variables that are associated with treatment outcome and dropout. Method: The parent training literature was examined to isolate child, parent, and family variables that predict response to parent training for child externalizing behavior problems. A literature review was conducted spanning articles published from 1980 to 2004 of indicated prevention (children with symptoms) and treatment (children with diagnosis) studies. Meta-analyses were conducted to determine standardized effect sizes associated with the identified predictors. Results: Many of the predictors of treatment response examined in this meta-analysis resulted in moderate standardized effect sizes when study results were subjected to meta-analytic procedures (i.e., low education/occupation, more severe child behavior problems pretreatment, maternal psychopathology). Only low family income resulted in a large standardized effect size. Predictors of drop-out resulted in standardized effect sizes in the small or insubstantial range. Conclusions: Response to parent training is often influenced by variables not directly involving the child, with socioeconomic status and maternal mental health being particularly salient factors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01544.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=708