Is synaesthesia more common in autism? / Simon BARON-COHEN in Molecular Autism, (November 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > (November 2013) Titre : Is synaesthesia more common in autism? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Donielle N. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Julian ASHER, Auteur ; Sally WHEELWRIGHT, Auteur ; Simon FISHER, Auteur ; Peter GREGERSEN, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Synaesthesia is a neurodevelopmental condition in which a sensation in one modality triggers a perception in a second modality. Autism (shorthand for Autism Spectrum Conditions) is a neurodevelopmental condition involving social-communication disability alongside resistance to change and unusually narrow interests or activities. Whilst on the surface they appear distinct, they have been suggested to share common atypical neural connectivity. In the present study, we carried out the first prevalence study of synaesthesia in autism to formally test whether these conditions are independent. After exclusions, 164 adults with autism and 97 controls completed a synaesthesia questionnaire, Autism Spectrum Quotient, and Test of Genuineness-Revised (ToG-R) online. The rate of synaesthesia in adults with autism was 18.9% (31 out of 164), almost three times greater than in controls (7.22%, 7 out of 97, P 0.05). ToG-R proved unsuitable for synaesthetes with autism. The significant increase in synaesthesia prevalence in autism suggests that the two conditions may share some common underlying mechanisms. Future research is needed to develop more feasible validation methods of synaesthesia in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2040-2392-4-40 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=227 [article] Is synaesthesia more common in autism? [texte imprimé] / Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Donielle N. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Julian ASHER, Auteur ; Sally WHEELWRIGHT, Auteur ; Simon FISHER, Auteur ; Peter GREGERSEN, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > (November 2013) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Synaesthesia is a neurodevelopmental condition in which a sensation in one modality triggers a perception in a second modality. Autism (shorthand for Autism Spectrum Conditions) is a neurodevelopmental condition involving social-communication disability alongside resistance to change and unusually narrow interests or activities. Whilst on the surface they appear distinct, they have been suggested to share common atypical neural connectivity. In the present study, we carried out the first prevalence study of synaesthesia in autism to formally test whether these conditions are independent. After exclusions, 164 adults with autism and 97 controls completed a synaesthesia questionnaire, Autism Spectrum Quotient, and Test of Genuineness-Revised (ToG-R) online. The rate of synaesthesia in adults with autism was 18.9% (31 out of 164), almost three times greater than in controls (7.22%, 7 out of 97, P 0.05). ToG-R proved unsuitable for synaesthetes with autism. The significant increase in synaesthesia prevalence in autism suggests that the two conditions may share some common underlying mechanisms. Future research is needed to develop more feasible validation methods of synaesthesia in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2040-2392-4-40 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=227

Prevalence and correlates of autism in a state psychiatric hospital / David S. MANDELL in Autism, 16-6 (November 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 16-6 (November 2012) . - p.557-567 Titre : Prevalence and correlates of autism in a state psychiatric hospital Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : David S. MANDELL, Auteur ; Lindsay LAWER, Auteur ; Kira BRANCH, Auteur ; Edward S. BRODKIN, Auteur ; Kristin HEALEY, Auteur ; Robert WITALEC, Auteur ; Donielle N. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Raquel E. GUR, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.557-567 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  schizophrenia  hospitalization  adults  differential diagnosis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study estimated the ASD prevalence in a psychiatric hospital and evaluated the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) combined with other information for differential diagnosis. Chart review, SRS and clinical interviews were collected for 141 patients at one hospital. Diagnosis was determined at case conference. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the SRS as a screening instrument. Chi-squared Automatic Interaction Detector (CHAID) analysis estimated the role of other variables, in combination with the SRS, in separating cases and non-cases. Ten percent of the sample had ASD. More than other patients, their onset was prior to 12 years of age, they had gait problems and intellectual disability, and were less likely to have a history of criminal involvement or substance abuse. Sensitivity (0.86) and specificity (0.60) of the SRS were maximized at a score of 84. Adding age of onset 12 years and cigarette use among those with SRS 80 increased sensitivity to 1.00 without lowering specificity. Adding a history substance abuse among those with SRS 80 increased specificity to 0.90 but dropped sensitivity to 0.79. Undiagnosed ASD may be common in psychiatric hospitals. The SRS, combined with other information, may discriminate well between ASD and other disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361311412058 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=184 [article] Prevalence and correlates of autism in a state psychiatric hospital [texte imprimé] / David S. MANDELL, Auteur ; Lindsay LAWER, Auteur ; Kira BRANCH, Auteur ; Edward S. BRODKIN, Auteur ; Kristin HEALEY, Auteur ; Robert WITALEC, Auteur ; Donielle N. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Raquel E. GUR, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.557-567. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 16-6 (November 2012) . - p.557-567 Mots-clés : autism  schizophrenia  hospitalization  adults  differential diagnosis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study estimated the ASD prevalence in a psychiatric hospital and evaluated the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) combined with other information for differential diagnosis. Chart review, SRS and clinical interviews were collected for 141 patients at one hospital. Diagnosis was determined at case conference. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the SRS as a screening instrument. Chi-squared Automatic Interaction Detector (CHAID) analysis estimated the role of other variables, in combination with the SRS, in separating cases and non-cases. Ten percent of the sample had ASD. More than other patients, their onset was prior to 12 years of age, they had gait problems and intellectual disability, and were less likely to have a history of criminal involvement or substance abuse. Sensitivity (0.86) and specificity (0.60) of the SRS were maximized at a score of 84. Adding age of onset 12 years and cigarette use among those with SRS 80 increased sensitivity to 1.00 without lowering specificity. Adding a history substance abuse among those with SRS 80 increased specificity to 0.90 but dropped sensitivity to 0.79. Undiagnosed ASD may be common in psychiatric hospitals. The SRS, combined with other information, may discriminate well between ASD and other disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361311412058 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=184

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