A Children of Twins Study of parental divorce and offspring psychopathology / Brian M. D'ONOFRIO in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-7 (July 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-7 (July 2007) . - p.667–675 Titre : A Children of Twins Study of parental divorce and offspring psychopathology Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Brian M. D'ONOFRIO, Auteur ; Judy L. SILBERG, Auteur ; Eric TURKHEIMER, Auteur ; Robert E. EMERY, Auteur ; Hermine H. MAES, Auteur ; Lindon J. EAVES, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.667–675 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Behavioural-genetics divorce substance-use depression alcohol-abuse children-of-twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Although parental divorce is associated with increased substance use and internalizing problems, experiencing the separation of one's parents may not cause these outcomes. The relations may be due to genetic or environmental selection factors, characteristics that lead to both marital separation and offspring functioning. Method: We used the Children of Twins (CoT) Design to explore whether unmeasured genetic or environmental factors related to the twin parent, and measured characteristics of both parents, account for the association between parental divorce and offspring substance use and internalizing problems. Results: The association between parental divorce and offspring substance use problems remained robust when controlling for genetic and environmental risk from the twin parent associated with parental divorce, and measured characteristics of both parents. The results do not prove, but are consistent with, a causal connection. In contrast, the analyses suggest that shared genetic liability in parents and their offspring accounts for the increased risk of internalizing problems in adult offspring from divorced families. Conclusions: The study illustrates that unmeasured genetic and environmental selection factors must be considered when studying parental divorce. In explaining associations between parental divorce and young-adult adjustment, our evidence suggests that selection versus causal mechanisms may operate differently for substance abuse (a causal relation) and internalizing problems (an artifact of selection). The CoT design only controls for the genetic and environmental characteristics of one parent; thus, additional genetically informed analyses are needed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01741.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=141 [article] A Children of Twins Study of parental divorce and offspring psychopathology [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Brian M. D'ONOFRIO, Auteur ; Judy L. SILBERG, Auteur ; Eric TURKHEIMER, Auteur ; Robert E. EMERY, Auteur ; Hermine H. MAES, Auteur ; Lindon J. EAVES, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.667–675. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-7 (July 2007) . - p.667–675 Mots-clés : Behavioural-genetics divorce substance-use depression alcohol-abuse children-of-twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Although parental divorce is associated with increased substance use and internalizing problems, experiencing the separation of one's parents may not cause these outcomes. The relations may be due to genetic or environmental selection factors, characteristics that lead to both marital separation and offspring functioning. Method: We used the Children of Twins (CoT) Design to explore whether unmeasured genetic or environmental factors related to the twin parent, and measured characteristics of both parents, account for the association between parental divorce and offspring substance use and internalizing problems. Results: The association between parental divorce and offspring substance use problems remained robust when controlling for genetic and environmental risk from the twin parent associated with parental divorce, and measured characteristics of both parents. The results do not prove, but are consistent with, a causal connection. In contrast, the analyses suggest that shared genetic liability in parents and their offspring accounts for the increased risk of internalizing problems in adult offspring from divorced families. Conclusions: The study illustrates that unmeasured genetic and environmental selection factors must be considered when studying parental divorce. In explaining associations between parental divorce and young-adult adjustment, our evidence suggests that selection versus causal mechanisms may operate differently for substance abuse (a causal relation) and internalizing problems (an artifact of selection). The CoT design only controls for the genetic and environmental characteristics of one parent; thus, additional genetically informed analyses are needed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01741.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=141

Genetic and environmental influences on symptom domains in twins and siblings with autism / Carla A. MAZEFSKY in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2-2 (April-June 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 2-2 (April-June 2008) . - p.320-331 Titre : Genetic and environmental influences on symptom domains in twins and siblings with autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Carla A. MAZEFSKY, Auteur ; Robin P. GOIN-KOCHEL, Auteur ; AUTISM GENETIC RESOURCE EXCHANGE CONSORTIUM, Auteur ; Hermine H. MAES, Auteur ; Brien P. RILEY, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.320-331 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Autism-diagnostic-interview Behavioral-genetics Twins Social-interaction Nonverbal-communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Clarifying the sources of variation among autism symptom domains is important to the identification of homogenous subgroups for molecular genetic studies. This study explored the genetic and environmental bases of nonverbal communication and social interaction, two symptom domains that have also been related to treatment response, in 1294 child and adolescent twins and siblings with pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs) from the Autism Genetic Resource Exchange under the age of 18. Twin/sibling resemblance was assessed through correlations and behavior genetic modeling of autism diagnostic interview (ADI) nonverbal communication and social scores. Variation in these phenotypes was explained by additive genetic, dominant genetic, and unique environmental factors with no evidence for shared environmental factors. Broad heritability estimates were higher for nonverbal communication (45%) than social interaction (28%). Nonverbal communication and social scores were partially accounted for by the same underlying genetic and environmental factors. Gender differences were not supported. These results add to information on familial resemblance of these symptom domains based on correlational methods, and this study is one of the first to apply behavioral genetic modeling to a PDD population. The results have implications for molecular genetics as well as treatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2007.08.002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=425 [article] Genetic and environmental influences on symptom domains in twins and siblings with autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Carla A. MAZEFSKY, Auteur ; Robin P. GOIN-KOCHEL, Auteur ; AUTISM GENETIC RESOURCE EXCHANGE CONSORTIUM, Auteur ; Hermine H. MAES, Auteur ; Brien P. RILEY, Auteur . - 2008 . - p.320-331. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 2-2 (April-June 2008) . - p.320-331 Mots-clés : Autism Autism-diagnostic-interview Behavioral-genetics Twins Social-interaction Nonverbal-communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Clarifying the sources of variation among autism symptom domains is important to the identification of homogenous subgroups for molecular genetic studies. This study explored the genetic and environmental bases of nonverbal communication and social interaction, two symptom domains that have also been related to treatment response, in 1294 child and adolescent twins and siblings with pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs) from the Autism Genetic Resource Exchange under the age of 18. Twin/sibling resemblance was assessed through correlations and behavior genetic modeling of autism diagnostic interview (ADI) nonverbal communication and social scores. Variation in these phenotypes was explained by additive genetic, dominant genetic, and unique environmental factors with no evidence for shared environmental factors. Broad heritability estimates were higher for nonverbal communication (45%) than social interaction (28%). Nonverbal communication and social scores were partially accounted for by the same underlying genetic and environmental factors. Gender differences were not supported. These results add to information on familial resemblance of these symptom domains based on correlational methods, and this study is one of the first to apply behavioral genetic modeling to a PDD population. The results have implications for molecular genetics as well as treatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2007.08.002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=425

Genetic and environmental influences on the transmission of parental depression to children's depression and conduct disturbance: an extended Children of Twins study / Judy L. SILBERG in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-6 (June 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-6 (June 2010) . - p.734-744 Titre : Genetic and environmental influences on the transmission of parental depression to children's depression and conduct disturbance: an extended Children of Twins study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Judy L. SILBERG, Auteur ; Hermine H. MAES, Auteur ; Lindon J. EAVES, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.734-744 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Children-of-Twins parental-depression juvenile-depression conduct-disturbance genetic-risk family-environment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Despite the increased risk of depression and conduct problems in children of depressed parents, the mechanism by which parental depression affects their children's behavioral and emotional functioning is not well understood. The present study was undertaken to determine whether parental depression represents a genuine environmental risk factor in children's psychopathology, or whether children's depression/conduct can be explained as a secondary consequence of the genetic liability transmitted from parents to their offspring. Methods: Children of Twins (COT) data collected on 2,674 adult female and male twins, their spouses, and 2,940 of their children were used to address whether genetic and/or family environmental factors best account for the association between depression in parents and depression and conduct problems in their children. Data collected on juvenile twins from the Virginia Twin Study of Adolescent Behavioral Development (VTSABD) were also included to estimate child-specific genetic and environmental influences apart from those effects arising from the transmission of the parental depression itself. The fit of alternative Children of Twin models were evaluated using the statistical program Mx. Results: The most compelling model for the association between parental and juvenile depression was a model of direct environmental risk. Both family environmental and genetic factors accounted for the association between parental depression and child conduct disturbance. Conclusions: These findings illustrate how a genetically mediated behavior such as parental depression can have both an environmental and genetic impact on children's behavior. We find developmentally specific genetic factors underlying risk to juvenile and adult depression. A shared genetic liability influences both parental depression and juvenile conduct disturbance, implicating child conduct disturbance (CD) as an early indicator of genetic risk for depression in adulthood. In summary, our analyses demonstrate differences in the impact of parental depression on different forms of child psychopathology, and at various stages of development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02205.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101 [article] Genetic and environmental influences on the transmission of parental depression to children's depression and conduct disturbance: an extended Children of Twins study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Judy L. SILBERG, Auteur ; Hermine H. MAES, Auteur ; Lindon J. EAVES, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.734-744. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-6 (June 2010) . - p.734-744 Mots-clés : Children-of-Twins parental-depression juvenile-depression conduct-disturbance genetic-risk family-environment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Despite the increased risk of depression and conduct problems in children of depressed parents, the mechanism by which parental depression affects their children's behavioral and emotional functioning is not well understood. The present study was undertaken to determine whether parental depression represents a genuine environmental risk factor in children's psychopathology, or whether children's depression/conduct can be explained as a secondary consequence of the genetic liability transmitted from parents to their offspring. Methods: Children of Twins (COT) data collected on 2,674 adult female and male twins, their spouses, and 2,940 of their children were used to address whether genetic and/or family environmental factors best account for the association between depression in parents and depression and conduct problems in their children. Data collected on juvenile twins from the Virginia Twin Study of Adolescent Behavioral Development (VTSABD) were also included to estimate child-specific genetic and environmental influences apart from those effects arising from the transmission of the parental depression itself. The fit of alternative Children of Twin models were evaluated using the statistical program Mx. Results: The most compelling model for the association between parental and juvenile depression was a model of direct environmental risk. Both family environmental and genetic factors accounted for the association between parental depression and child conduct disturbance. Conclusions: These findings illustrate how a genetically mediated behavior such as parental depression can have both an environmental and genetic impact on children's behavior. We find developmentally specific genetic factors underlying risk to juvenile and adult depression. A shared genetic liability influences both parental depression and juvenile conduct disturbance, implicating child conduct disturbance (CD) as an early indicator of genetic risk for depression in adulthood. In summary, our analyses demonstrate differences in the impact of parental depression on different forms of child psychopathology, and at various stages of development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02205.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101

Unraveling the effect of genes and environment in the transmission of parental antisocial behavior to children’s conduct disturbance, depression and hyperactivity / Judy L. SILBERG in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53-6 (June 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-6 (June 2012) . - p.668–677 Titre : Unraveling the effect of genes and environment in the transmission of parental antisocial behavior to children’s conduct disturbance, depression and hyperactivity Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Judy L. SILBERG, Auteur ; Hermine H. MAES, Auteur ; Lindon J. EAVES, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.668–677 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Children of twins  parental antisocial behavior  juvenile depression  conduct disturbance  hyperactivity  genetic risk  family environment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  A critical issue in devising effective interventions for the treatment of children’s behavioral and emotional problems identifying genuine family environmental factors that place children at risk. In most twin and family studies, environmental factors are confounded with both direct genetic risk from parents and the indirect effect of genes influencing parents’ ability to provide an optimal rearing environment. The present study was undertaken to determine whether parental psychopathology, specifically parental antisocial behavior (ASP), is a genuine environmental risk factor for juvenile conduct disturbance, depression and hyperactivity, or whether the association between parental ASP and children’s behavioral and emotional problems can be explained as a secondary consequence of the intergenerational transmission of genetic factors. Methods:  An extended children of twins design comprised of data collected on 2,674 adult female and male twins, their spouses, and 2,454 of their children was used to test whether genetic and/or family environmental factors best accounted for the association between parental antisocial behavior and children’s behavioral problems. An age-matched sample of 2,826 juvenile twin pairs from the Virginia Twin Study of Adolescent Behavioral Development was also included to examine developmental differences in gene expression by partitioning child-specific transmissible effects from those effects that persist into adulthood. The fit of alternative models was evaluated using the statistical program Mx. Results:  We found distinct patterns of transmission between parental antisocial behavior and juvenile conduct, depression and hyperactivity. Genetic and family environmental factors accounted for the resemblance between parents’ ASP and children’s conduct disturbance. Family environmental factors alone explained the association between child depression and parental ASP, and the impact of parental ASP on hyperactivity was entirely genetic. Conclusions:  These findings underscore differences in the contribution of genetic and environmental factors on the patterns of association between parental antisocial behavior and juvenile psychopathology, having important clinical implications for the prevention and amelioration of child behavioral and emotional problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02494.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=157 [article] Unraveling the effect of genes and environment in the transmission of parental antisocial behavior to children’s conduct disturbance, depression and hyperactivity [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Judy L. SILBERG, Auteur ; Hermine H. MAES, Auteur ; Lindon J. EAVES, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.668–677. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-6 (June 2012) . - p.668–677 Mots-clés : Children of twins  parental antisocial behavior  juvenile depression  conduct disturbance  hyperactivity  genetic risk  family environment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  A critical issue in devising effective interventions for the treatment of children’s behavioral and emotional problems identifying genuine family environmental factors that place children at risk. In most twin and family studies, environmental factors are confounded with both direct genetic risk from parents and the indirect effect of genes influencing parents’ ability to provide an optimal rearing environment. The present study was undertaken to determine whether parental psychopathology, specifically parental antisocial behavior (ASP), is a genuine environmental risk factor for juvenile conduct disturbance, depression and hyperactivity, or whether the association between parental ASP and children’s behavioral and emotional problems can be explained as a secondary consequence of the intergenerational transmission of genetic factors. Methods:  An extended children of twins design comprised of data collected on 2,674 adult female and male twins, their spouses, and 2,454 of their children was used to test whether genetic and/or family environmental factors best accounted for the association between parental antisocial behavior and children’s behavioral problems. An age-matched sample of 2,826 juvenile twin pairs from the Virginia Twin Study of Adolescent Behavioral Development was also included to examine developmental differences in gene expression by partitioning child-specific transmissible effects from those effects that persist into adulthood. The fit of alternative models was evaluated using the statistical program Mx. Results:  We found distinct patterns of transmission between parental antisocial behavior and juvenile conduct, depression and hyperactivity. Genetic and family environmental factors accounted for the resemblance between parents’ ASP and children’s conduct disturbance. Family environmental factors alone explained the association between child depression and parental ASP, and the impact of parental ASP on hyperactivity was entirely genetic. Conclusions:  These findings underscore differences in the contribution of genetic and environmental factors on the patterns of association between parental antisocial behavior and juvenile psychopathology, having important clinical implications for the prevention and amelioration of child behavioral and emotional problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02494.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=157

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