Approaches for strengthening causal inference regarding prenatal risk factors for childhood behavioural and psychiatric disorders / Sarah J. LEWIS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-10 (October 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-10 (October 2013) . - p.1095-1108 Titre : Approaches for strengthening causal inference regarding prenatal risk factors for childhood behavioural and psychiatric disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sarah J. LEWIS, Auteur ; Caroline RELTON, Auteur ; Stanley ZAMMIT, Auteur ; George DAVEY SMITH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1095-1108 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Mendelian randomisation  causal inference  childhood behaviour  psychiatric disorders  instrumental variable analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The risk of childhood behavioural and psychiatric diseases could be substantially reduced if modifiable risk factors for these disorders were identified. The critical period for many of these exposures is likely to be in utero as this is the time when brain development is most rapid. However, due to confounding and other limitations of traditional epidemiological studies, identification of causal risk factors has proved challenging and on the whole research in this area has not been fruitful. Scope In this review, we highlight several alternative approaches including; comparisons across settings, the use of negative controls and natural experiments, which includes migration studies, studies of individuals conceived using in vitro fertilisation and not least Mendelian randomisation. We have illustrated these approaches using examples of behavioural and psychiatric disorders. Conclusion By having these approaches outlined together in one review, researchers can consider which of these methods would be most suitable for their study question. We have particularly focussed on Mendelian randomisation, as this is a relatively novel concept, in doing so, we have illustrated the concept and discused the implementation and the limitations of this approach. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12127 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=212 [article] Approaches for strengthening causal inference regarding prenatal risk factors for childhood behavioural and psychiatric disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sarah J. LEWIS, Auteur ; Caroline RELTON, Auteur ; Stanley ZAMMIT, Auteur ; George DAVEY SMITH, Auteur . - p.1095-1108. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-10 (October 2013) . - p.1095-1108 Mots-clés : Mendelian randomisation  causal inference  childhood behaviour  psychiatric disorders  instrumental variable analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The risk of childhood behavioural and psychiatric diseases could be substantially reduced if modifiable risk factors for these disorders were identified. The critical period for many of these exposures is likely to be in utero as this is the time when brain development is most rapid. However, due to confounding and other limitations of traditional epidemiological studies, identification of causal risk factors has proved challenging and on the whole research in this area has not been fruitful. Scope In this review, we highlight several alternative approaches including; comparisons across settings, the use of negative controls and natural experiments, which includes migration studies, studies of individuals conceived using in vitro fertilisation and not least Mendelian randomisation. We have illustrated these approaches using examples of behavioural and psychiatric disorders. Conclusion By having these approaches outlined together in one review, researchers can consider which of these methods would be most suitable for their study question. We have particularly focussed on Mendelian randomisation, as this is a relatively novel concept, in doing so, we have illustrated the concept and discused the implementation and the limitations of this approach. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12127 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=212

Moderate alcohol drinking in pregnancy increases risk for children's persistent conduct problems: causal effects in a Mendelian randomisation study / Joseph MURRAY in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-5 (May 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-5 (May 2016) . - p.575-584 Titre : Moderate alcohol drinking in pregnancy increases risk for children's persistent conduct problems: causal effects in a Mendelian randomisation study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Joseph MURRAY, Auteur ; Stephen BURGESS, Auteur ; Luisa ZUCCOLO, Auteur ; Matthew HICKMAN, Auteur ; Ron GRAY, Auteur ; Sarah J. LEWIS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.575-584 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Foetal alcohol effects  conduct disorder  longitudinal study  mendelian randomization analysis  ALSPAC Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Heavy alcohol use during pregnancy can cause considerable developmental problems for children, but effects of light-moderate drinking are uncertain. This study examined possible effects of moderate drinking in pregnancy on children's conduct problems using a Mendelian randomisation design to improve causal inference. Methods A prospective cohort study (ALSPAC) followed children from their mother's pregnancy to age 13 years. Analyses were based on 3,544 children whose mothers self-reported either not drinking alcohol during pregnancy or drinking up to six units per week without binge drinking. Children's conduct problem trajectories were classified as low risk, childhood-limited, adolescence-onset or early-onset-persistent, using six repeated measures of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire between ages 4–13 years. Variants of alcohol-metabolising genes in children were used to create an instrumental variable for Mendelian randomisation analysis. Results Children's genotype scores were associated with early-onset-persistent conduct problems (OR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.04–1.60, p = .020) if mothers drank moderately in pregnancy, but not if mothers abstained from drinking (OR = 0.94, CI = 0.72–1.25, p = .688). Children's genotype scores did not predict childhood-limited or adolescence-onset conduct problems. Conclusions This quasi-experimental study suggests that moderate alcohol drinking in pregnancy contributes to increased risk for children's early-onset-persistent conduct problems, but not childhood-limited or adolescence-onset conduct problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12486 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=288 [article] Moderate alcohol drinking in pregnancy increases risk for children's persistent conduct problems: causal effects in a Mendelian randomisation study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Joseph MURRAY, Auteur ; Stephen BURGESS, Auteur ; Luisa ZUCCOLO, Auteur ; Matthew HICKMAN, Auteur ; Ron GRAY, Auteur ; Sarah J. LEWIS, Auteur . - p.575-584. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-5 (May 2016) . - p.575-584 Mots-clés : Foetal alcohol effects  conduct disorder  longitudinal study  mendelian randomization analysis  ALSPAC Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Heavy alcohol use during pregnancy can cause considerable developmental problems for children, but effects of light-moderate drinking are uncertain. This study examined possible effects of moderate drinking in pregnancy on children's conduct problems using a Mendelian randomisation design to improve causal inference. Methods A prospective cohort study (ALSPAC) followed children from their mother's pregnancy to age 13 years. Analyses were based on 3,544 children whose mothers self-reported either not drinking alcohol during pregnancy or drinking up to six units per week without binge drinking. Children's conduct problem trajectories were classified as low risk, childhood-limited, adolescence-onset or early-onset-persistent, using six repeated measures of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire between ages 4–13 years. Variants of alcohol-metabolising genes in children were used to create an instrumental variable for Mendelian randomisation analysis. Results Children's genotype scores were associated with early-onset-persistent conduct problems (OR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.04–1.60, p = .020) if mothers drank moderately in pregnancy, but not if mothers abstained from drinking (OR = 0.94, CI = 0.72–1.25, p = .688). Children's genotype scores did not predict childhood-limited or adolescence-onset conduct problems. Conclusions This quasi-experimental study suggests that moderate alcohol drinking in pregnancy contributes to increased risk for children's early-onset-persistent conduct problems, but not childhood-limited or adolescence-onset conduct problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12486 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=288

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