Altered Patterns of Dynamic Functional Connectivity Underpin Reduced Expressions of Social-Emotional Reciprocity in Autistic Adults / Radek MAREČEK ; Rostislav STANĚK ; Calum HARTLEY ; Klaus KESSLER ; Pavlína HLAVATÁ ; Hana OŠLEJŠKOVÁ ; Milan BRÁZDIL ; Daniel Joel SHAW in Autism Research, 18-4 (April 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 18-4 (April 2025) . - p.725-740 Titre : Altered Patterns of Dynamic Functional Connectivity Underpin Reduced Expressions of Social-Emotional Reciprocity in Autistic Adults Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Radek MAREČEK, Auteur ; Rostislav STANĚK, Auteur ; Calum HARTLEY, Auteur ; Klaus KESSLER, Auteur ; Pavlína HLAVATÁ, Auteur ; Hana OŠLEJŠKOVÁ, Auteur ; Milan BRÁZDIL, Auteur ; Daniel Joel SHAW, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.725-740 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  dynamic functional connectivity  reciprocity  social interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT To identify the neurocognitive mechanisms underpinning the social difficulties that characterize autism, we performed functional magnetic resonance imaging on pairs of autistic and non-autistic adults simultaneously whilst they interacted with one another on the iterated Ultimatum Game (iUG)?an interactive task that emulates the reciprocal characteristic of naturalistic interpersonal exchanges. Two age-matched sets of male?male dyads were investigated: 16 comprised an autistic Responder and a non-autistic Proposer, and 19 comprised non-autistic pairs of Responder and Proposer. Players' round-by-round behavior on the iUG was modeled as reciprocal choices, and dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) was measured to identify the neural mechanisms underpinning reciprocal behaviors. Behavioral expressions of reciprocity were significantly reduced in autistic compared with non-autistic Responders, yet no such differences were observed between the non-autistic Proposers in either set of dyads. Furthermore, we identified latent dFC states with temporal properties associated with reciprocity. Autistic interactants spent less time in brain states characterized by dynamic inter-network integration and segregation among the Default Mode Network and cognitive control networks, suggesting that their reduced expressions of social?emotional reciprocity reflect less efficient reconfigurations among brain networks supporting flexible cognition and behavior. These findings advance our mechanistic understanding of the social difficulties characterizing autism. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70010 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=554 [article] Altered Patterns of Dynamic Functional Connectivity Underpin Reduced Expressions of Social-Emotional Reciprocity in Autistic Adults [texte imprimé] / Radek MAREČEK, Auteur ; Rostislav STANĚK, Auteur ; Calum HARTLEY, Auteur ; Klaus KESSLER, Auteur ; Pavlína HLAVATÁ, Auteur ; Hana OŠLEJŠKOVÁ, Auteur ; Milan BRÁZDIL, Auteur ; Daniel Joel SHAW, Auteur . - p.725-740. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 18-4 (April 2025) . - p.725-740 Mots-clés : autism  dynamic functional connectivity  reciprocity  social interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT To identify the neurocognitive mechanisms underpinning the social difficulties that characterize autism, we performed functional magnetic resonance imaging on pairs of autistic and non-autistic adults simultaneously whilst they interacted with one another on the iterated Ultimatum Game (iUG)?an interactive task that emulates the reciprocal characteristic of naturalistic interpersonal exchanges. Two age-matched sets of male?male dyads were investigated: 16 comprised an autistic Responder and a non-autistic Proposer, and 19 comprised non-autistic pairs of Responder and Proposer. Players' round-by-round behavior on the iUG was modeled as reciprocal choices, and dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) was measured to identify the neural mechanisms underpinning reciprocal behaviors. Behavioral expressions of reciprocity were significantly reduced in autistic compared with non-autistic Responders, yet no such differences were observed between the non-autistic Proposers in either set of dyads. Furthermore, we identified latent dFC states with temporal properties associated with reciprocity. Autistic interactants spent less time in brain states characterized by dynamic inter-network integration and segregation among the Default Mode Network and cognitive control networks, suggesting that their reduced expressions of social?emotional reciprocity reflect less efficient reconfigurations among brain networks supporting flexible cognition and behavior. These findings advance our mechanistic understanding of the social difficulties characterizing autism. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70010 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=554

Are Children With Autism More Likely to Retain Object Names When Learning From Colour Photographs or Black-and-White Cartoons? / Cheriece K. CARTER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-9 (September 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-9 (September 2021) . - p.3050-3062 Titre : Are Children With Autism More Likely to Retain Object Names When Learning From Colour Photographs or Black-and-White Cartoons? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Cheriece K. CARTER, Auteur ; Calum HARTLEY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3050-3062 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : African Americans  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Case-Control Studies  Child  Color  Humans  Autism spectrum disorder  Fast mapping  Iconicity  Pictures  Retention  Word learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : For the first time, this study investigated whether children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and typically developing (TD) children matched on language comprehension (M age equivalent =  ~ 44 months) are more likely to retain words when learning from colour photographs than black-and-white cartoons. Participants used mutual exclusivity to fast map novel word-picture relationships and retention was assessed following a 5-min delay. Children with ASD achieved significantly greater retention accuracy when learning from photographs rather than cartoons and, surprisingly, responded more accurately than TD children when learning from photographs. Our results demonstrate that children with ASD benefit from greater iconicity when learning words from pictures, providing a data-grounded rationale for using colour photographs when administering picture-based interventions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04771-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=453 [article] Are Children With Autism More Likely to Retain Object Names When Learning From Colour Photographs or Black-and-White Cartoons? [texte imprimé] / Cheriece K. CARTER, Auteur ; Calum HARTLEY, Auteur . - p.3050-3062. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-9 (September 2021) . - p.3050-3062 Mots-clés : African Americans  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Case-Control Studies  Child  Color  Humans  Autism spectrum disorder  Fast mapping  Iconicity  Pictures  Retention  Word learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : For the first time, this study investigated whether children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and typically developing (TD) children matched on language comprehension (M age equivalent =  ~ 44 months) are more likely to retain words when learning from colour photographs than black-and-white cartoons. Participants used mutual exclusivity to fast map novel word-picture relationships and retention was assessed following a 5-min delay. Children with ASD achieved significantly greater retention accuracy when learning from photographs rather than cartoons and, surprisingly, responded more accurately than TD children when learning from photographs. Our results demonstrate that children with ASD benefit from greater iconicity when learning words from pictures, providing a data-grounded rationale for using colour photographs when administering picture-based interventions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04771-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=453

Brief Report: Generalisation of Word–Picture Relations in Children with Autism and Typically Developing Children / Calum HARTLEY in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 44-8 (August 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 44-8 (August 2014) . - p.2064-2071 Titre : Brief Report: Generalisation of Word–Picture Relations in Children with Autism and Typically Developing Children Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Calum HARTLEY, Auteur ; Melissa L. ALLEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2064-2071 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Words  Understanding pictures  Generalisation  Shape bias  Colour Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We investigated whether low-functioning children with autism generalise labels from colour photographs based on sameness of shape, colour, or both. Children with autism and language-matched controls were taught novel words paired with photographs of unfamiliar objects, and then sorted pictures and objects into two buckets according to whether or not they were also referents of the newly-learned labels. Stimuli matched depicted referents on shape and/or colour. Children with autism extended labels to items that matched depicted objects on shape and colour, but also frequently generalised to items that matched on only shape or colour. Controls only generalised labels to items that matched the depicted referent’s shape. Thus, low-functioning children with autism may not understand that shape constrains symbolic word–picture–object relations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2074-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=236 [article] Brief Report: Generalisation of Word–Picture Relations in Children with Autism and Typically Developing Children [texte imprimé] / Calum HARTLEY, Auteur ; Melissa L. ALLEN, Auteur . - p.2064-2071. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 44-8 (August 2014) . - p.2064-2071 Mots-clés : Autism  Words  Understanding pictures  Generalisation  Shape bias  Colour Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We investigated whether low-functioning children with autism generalise labels from colour photographs based on sameness of shape, colour, or both. Children with autism and language-matched controls were taught novel words paired with photographs of unfamiliar objects, and then sorted pictures and objects into two buckets according to whether or not they were also referents of the newly-learned labels. Stimuli matched depicted referents on shape and/or colour. Children with autism extended labels to items that matched depicted objects on shape and colour, but also frequently generalised to items that matched on only shape or colour. Controls only generalised labels to items that matched the depicted referent’s shape. Thus, low-functioning children with autism may not understand that shape constrains symbolic word–picture–object relations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2074-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=236

Do Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Share Fairly and Reciprocally? / Calum HARTLEY in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48-8 (August 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-8 (August 2018) . - p.2714-2726 Titre : Do Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Share Fairly and Reciprocally? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Calum HARTLEY, Auteur ; Sophie FISHER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2714-2726 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Dictator Game  Fairness  Reciprocity  Sharing  Ultimatum Game Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study investigated whether children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and typically developing children matched on receptive language share resources fairly and reciprocally. Children completed age-appropriate versions of the Ultimatum and Dictator Games with real stickers and an interactive partner. Both groups offered similar numbers of stickers (preferring equality over self-interest), offered more stickers in the Ultimatum Game, and verbally referenced 'fairness' at similar rates. However, children with ASD were significantly more likely to accept unfair offers and were significantly less likely to reciprocate the puppet's offers. Failure to reciprocate fair sharing may significantly impact on social cohesion and children's ability to build relationships. These important differences may be linked to broader deficits in social-cognitive development and potentially self-other understanding. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3528-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=367 [article] Do Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Share Fairly and Reciprocally? [texte imprimé] / Calum HARTLEY, Auteur ; Sophie FISHER, Auteur . - p.2714-2726. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-8 (August 2018) . - p.2714-2726 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Dictator Game  Fairness  Reciprocity  Sharing  Ultimatum Game Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study investigated whether children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and typically developing children matched on receptive language share resources fairly and reciprocally. Children completed age-appropriate versions of the Ultimatum and Dictator Games with real stickers and an interactive partner. Both groups offered similar numbers of stickers (preferring equality over self-interest), offered more stickers in the Ultimatum Game, and verbally referenced 'fairness' at similar rates. However, children with ASD were significantly more likely to accept unfair offers and were significantly less likely to reciprocate the puppet's offers. Failure to reciprocate fair sharing may significantly impact on social cohesion and children's ability to build relationships. These important differences may be linked to broader deficits in social-cognitive development and potentially self-other understanding. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3528-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=367

Does Autism Affect Children's Identification of Ownership and Defence of Ownership Rights? / Calum HARTLEY in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-11 (November 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-11 (November 2021) . - p.4227-4238 Titre : Does Autism Affect Children's Identification of Ownership and Defence of Ownership Rights? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Calum HARTLEY, Auteur ; Nina HARRISON, Auteur ; John J. SHAW, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.4227-4238 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis  Autistic Disorder  Child  Child Development  Child, Preschool  Humans  Ownership  Autism spectrum disorder  Ownership identification  Ownership rights  Pronouns  Typical development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study investigated how autism spectrum disorder (ASD) impacts children's ability to identify ownership from linguistic cues (proper nouns vs. possessive pronouns) and their awareness of ownership rights. In comparison to typically developing (TD) children matched on receptive language (M age equivalents: 53-56 months), children with ASD were less accurate at tracking owner-object relationships based on possessive pronouns and were less accurate at identifying the property of third parties. We also found that children with ASD were less likely to defend their own and others' ownership rights. We hypothesise that these results may be attributed to differences in representing the self and propose that ASD may be characterised by reduced concern for ownership and associated concepts. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-04872-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=454 [article] Does Autism Affect Children's Identification of Ownership and Defence of Ownership Rights? [texte imprimé] / Calum HARTLEY, Auteur ; Nina HARRISON, Auteur ; John J. SHAW, Auteur . - p.4227-4238. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-11 (November 2021) . - p.4227-4238 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis  Autistic Disorder  Child  Child Development  Child, Preschool  Humans  Ownership  Autism spectrum disorder  Ownership identification  Ownership rights  Pronouns  Typical development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study investigated how autism spectrum disorder (ASD) impacts children's ability to identify ownership from linguistic cues (proper nouns vs. possessive pronouns) and their awareness of ownership rights. In comparison to typically developing (TD) children matched on receptive language (M age equivalents: 53-56 months), children with ASD were less accurate at tracking owner-object relationships based on possessive pronouns and were less accurate at identifying the property of third parties. We also found that children with ASD were less likely to defend their own and others' ownership rights. We hypothesise that these results may be attributed to differences in representing the self and propose that ASD may be characterised by reduced concern for ownership and associated concepts. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-04872-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=454

Exploring lie frequency and emotional experiences of deceptive decision-making in autistic adults / Lara WARMELINK ; Amanda ROESTORF ; Calum HARTLEY in Autism, 29-6 (June 2025)  

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Exploring the Influence of Object Similarity and Desirability on Children?s Ownership Identification and Preferences in Autism and Typical Development / Calum HARTLEY ; Laura-Ashleigh BIRD in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 53-6 (June 2023)  

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How do Autistic and Neurotypical Children?s Interests Influence their Accuracy During Novel Word Learning? / Gert WESTERMANN ; Calum HARTLEY in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 54-9 (September 2024)  

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Iconicity influences how effectively minimally verbal children with autism and ability-matched typically developing children use pictures as symbols in a search task / Calum HARTLEY in Autism, 19-5 (July 2015)  

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Investigating the relationship between language and picture understanding in children with autism spectrum disorder / Calum HARTLEY in Autism, 23-1 (January 2019)  

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Peer-adult network structure and suicide attempts in 38 high schools: implications for network-informed suicide prevention / Peter A. WYMAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 60-10 (October 2019)  

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Symbolic Understanding of Pictures in Low-Functioning Children with Autism: The Effects of Iconicity and Naming / Calum HARTLEY in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45-1 (January 2015)  

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