Exploring interactive effects of genes and environments in etiology of individual differences in reading comprehension / Elena L. GRIGORENKO in Development and Psychopathology, 19-4 (Fall 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 19-4 (Fall 2007) . - p.1089-1103 Titre : Exploring interactive effects of genes and environments in etiology of individual differences in reading comprehension Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Elena L. GRIGORENKO, Auteur ; Vladislav V. RUCHKIN, Auteur ; Andrew J. PAKSTIS, Auteur ; Lars ORELAND, Auteur ; Roman A. KOPOSOV, Auteur ; Britt A.F. KLINTEBERG, Auteur ; Gerald J. HAEFFEL, Auteur ; Marya GETCHELL, Auteur ; Colin G. DEYOUNG, Auteur ; Carolyn M. YRIGOLLEN, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.1089-1103 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It is established that reading and reading-related processes are heritable; genes thus play an important role in the foundation of individual differences in reading. In this article, we focus on one facet of reading–comprehension. Comprehension is a higher order cognitive skill that requires many other cognitive processes for it to unfold completely and successfully. One such process is executive functioning, which has been associated with genetic variation in the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene. Genotypes and haplotypes of four single nucleotide polymorphisms in COMT were investigated in 179 incarcerated adolescent delinquents. Four hierarchical logistic regression models predicting the presence/absence of comprehension difficulties were fitted to the data; genetic variation in COMT and the presence/absence of maternal rejection were investigated as main effects and as effects acting interactively. Three out of four interaction terms were found to be important predictors of individual differences in comprehension. These findings were supported by the results of the haplotype analyses, in which the four investigated polymorphisms were considered simultaneously. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579407000557 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=182 [article] Exploring interactive effects of genes and environments in etiology of individual differences in reading comprehension [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Elena L. GRIGORENKO, Auteur ; Vladislav V. RUCHKIN, Auteur ; Andrew J. PAKSTIS, Auteur ; Lars ORELAND, Auteur ; Roman A. KOPOSOV, Auteur ; Britt A.F. KLINTEBERG, Auteur ; Gerald J. HAEFFEL, Auteur ; Marya GETCHELL, Auteur ; Colin G. DEYOUNG, Auteur ; Carolyn M. YRIGOLLEN, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.1089-1103. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 19-4 (Fall 2007) . - p.1089-1103 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It is established that reading and reading-related processes are heritable; genes thus play an important role in the foundation of individual differences in reading. In this article, we focus on one facet of reading–comprehension. Comprehension is a higher order cognitive skill that requires many other cognitive processes for it to unfold completely and successfully. One such process is executive functioning, which has been associated with genetic variation in the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene. Genotypes and haplotypes of four single nucleotide polymorphisms in COMT were investigated in 179 incarcerated adolescent delinquents. Four hierarchical logistic regression models predicting the presence/absence of comprehension difficulties were fitted to the data; genetic variation in COMT and the presence/absence of maternal rejection were investigated as main effects and as effects acting interactively. Three out of four interaction terms were found to be important predictors of individual differences in comprehension. These findings were supported by the results of the haplotype analyses, in which the four investigated polymorphisms were considered simultaneously. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579407000557 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=182

Moderation of the association between childhood maltreatment and neuroticism by the corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 gene / Colin G. DEYOUNG in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52-8 (August 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-8 (August 2011) . - p.898-906 Titre : Moderation of the association between childhood maltreatment and neuroticism by the corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 gene Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Colin G. DEYOUNG, Auteur ; Dante CICCHETTI, Auteur ; Fred A. ROGOSCH, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.898-906 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Neuroticism  CRHR1  maltreatment  genetics  personality  HPA axis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Neuroticism is a personality trait reflecting the tendency to experience negative affect. It is a major risk for psychopathology, especially depression and anxiety disorders. Childhood maltreatment is another major risk factor for psychopathology and may influence personality. Maltreatment may interact with genotype to predict developmental outcomes. Variation in three polymorphisms of the CRHR1 gene has been found to moderate the association of childhood maltreatment with depression, and we hypothesized that it would also be linked to neuroticism. Methods:  Variation in three CRHR1 SNPs (rs110402, rs242924, rs7209436) was assessed in 339 maltreated and 275 demographically similar nonmaltreated children, who participated in a day camp research program. Maltreated children were further categorized based on the number of types of maltreatment they had experienced and the most severe form of maltreatment experienced. Genotype and maltreatment status were used to predict the Big Five personality traits, as assessed by camp counselors following a week of interaction with children. Results: CRHR1 genotype significantly moderated the association of maltreatment with neuroticism but none of the other traits. Having two copies of the TAT haplotype of CRHR1 was associated with higher levels of neuroticism among maltreated children relative to nonmaltreated children, with the exception of sexually abused children and children who had experienced 3 or 4 types of abuse. Effects sizes of these interactions ranged from η2 = .01 (p = .02) to η2 = .03 (p = .006). Conclusions:  Variation in CRHR1 moderates the association of maltreatment with neuroticism. The effects of specific types of maltreatment on neuroticism are differentially moderated by CRHR1 genotype, as are the effects of experiencing more or fewer types of maltreatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02404.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=132 [article] Moderation of the association between childhood maltreatment and neuroticism by the corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 gene [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Colin G. DEYOUNG, Auteur ; Dante CICCHETTI, Auteur ; Fred A. ROGOSCH, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.898-906. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-8 (August 2011) . - p.898-906 Mots-clés : Neuroticism  CRHR1  maltreatment  genetics  personality  HPA axis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Neuroticism is a personality trait reflecting the tendency to experience negative affect. It is a major risk for psychopathology, especially depression and anxiety disorders. Childhood maltreatment is another major risk factor for psychopathology and may influence personality. Maltreatment may interact with genotype to predict developmental outcomes. Variation in three polymorphisms of the CRHR1 gene has been found to moderate the association of childhood maltreatment with depression, and we hypothesized that it would also be linked to neuroticism. Methods:  Variation in three CRHR1 SNPs (rs110402, rs242924, rs7209436) was assessed in 339 maltreated and 275 demographically similar nonmaltreated children, who participated in a day camp research program. Maltreated children were further categorized based on the number of types of maltreatment they had experienced and the most severe form of maltreatment experienced. Genotype and maltreatment status were used to predict the Big Five personality traits, as assessed by camp counselors following a week of interaction with children. Results: CRHR1 genotype significantly moderated the association of maltreatment with neuroticism but none of the other traits. Having two copies of the TAT haplotype of CRHR1 was associated with higher levels of neuroticism among maltreated children relative to nonmaltreated children, with the exception of sexually abused children and children who had experienced 3 or 4 types of abuse. Effects sizes of these interactions ranged from η2 = .01 (p = .02) to η2 = .03 (p = .006). Conclusions:  Variation in CRHR1 moderates the association of maltreatment with neuroticism. The effects of specific types of maltreatment on neuroticism are differentially moderated by CRHR1 genotype, as are the effects of experiencing more or fewer types of maltreatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02404.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=132

A novel differential susceptibility gene: CHRNA4 and moderation of the effect of maltreatment on child personality / Rachael G. GRAZIOPLENE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-8 (August 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-8 (August 2013) . - p.872-880 Titre : A novel differential susceptibility gene: CHRNA4 and moderation of the effect of maltreatment on child personality Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rachael G. GRAZIOPLENE, Auteur ; Colin G. DEYOUNG, Auteur ; Fred A. ROGOSCH, Auteur ; Dante CICCHETTI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.872-880 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Personality  genetics  CHRNA4  differential susceptibility  neuroticism  openness/intellect Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The differential susceptibility hypothesis states that some genetic variants that confer risk in adverse environments are beneficial in normal or nurturing environments. The cholinergic system is promising as a source of susceptibility genes because of its involvement in learning and neural plasticity. The cholinergic receptor gene CHRNA4 has been linked to characteristics related to the personality traits Neuroticism and Openness/Intellect. Methods: The effects of interaction between CHRNA4 genotype and maltreatment status on child personality were examined in a well matched sample of 339 maltreated and 275 non-maltreated children (aged 8–13 years). Results: Variation in CHRNA4 interacted with childhood maltreatment to predict personality in a manner indicating differential susceptibility. The interaction of CHRNA4 and maltreatment status predicted Neuroticism and Openness/Intellect. Maltreated children with the rs1044396 T/T genotype scored highest on Neuroticism and showed no effect of genotype on Openness/Intellect. Non-maltreated children with this genotype scored lowest on Neuroticism and highest on Openness/Intellect. Conclusion: Variation in CHRNA4 appears to contribute to personality by affecting degree of developmental sensitivity to both normal and adverse environments. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12031 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=210 [article] A novel differential susceptibility gene: CHRNA4 and moderation of the effect of maltreatment on child personality [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rachael G. GRAZIOPLENE, Auteur ; Colin G. DEYOUNG, Auteur ; Fred A. ROGOSCH, Auteur ; Dante CICCHETTI, Auteur . - p.872-880. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-8 (August 2013) . - p.872-880 Mots-clés : Personality  genetics  CHRNA4  differential susceptibility  neuroticism  openness/intellect Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The differential susceptibility hypothesis states that some genetic variants that confer risk in adverse environments are beneficial in normal or nurturing environments. The cholinergic system is promising as a source of susceptibility genes because of its involvement in learning and neural plasticity. The cholinergic receptor gene CHRNA4 has been linked to characteristics related to the personality traits Neuroticism and Openness/Intellect. Methods: The effects of interaction between CHRNA4 genotype and maltreatment status on child personality were examined in a well matched sample of 339 maltreated and 275 non-maltreated children (aged 8–13 years). Results: Variation in CHRNA4 interacted with childhood maltreatment to predict personality in a manner indicating differential susceptibility. The interaction of CHRNA4 and maltreatment status predicted Neuroticism and Openness/Intellect. Maltreated children with the rs1044396 T/T genotype scored highest on Neuroticism and showed no effect of genotype on Openness/Intellect. Non-maltreated children with this genotype scored lowest on Neuroticism and highest on Openness/Intellect. Conclusion: Variation in CHRNA4 appears to contribute to personality by affecting degree of developmental sensitivity to both normal and adverse environments. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12031 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=210

The gene in its natural habitat: The importance of gene–trait interactions / Colin G. DEYOUNG in Development and Psychopathology, 24-4 (November 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 24-4 (November 2012) . - p.1307-1318 Titre : The gene in its natural habitat: The importance of gene–trait interactions Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Colin G. DEYOUNG, Auteur ; Rachel CLARK, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.1307-1318 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Despite the substantial heritability of nearly all psychological traits, it has been difficult to identify specific genetic variants that account for more than a tiny percentage of genetic variance in phenotypes. Common explanations for this “missing heritability” include massive polygenicity, rare variants, epigenetics, epistasis, and gene–environment interactions. Gene–trait (G × T) interaction is another concept useful for understanding the lack of obvious genetic main effects. Both genes and environments are distal contributors to human behavior, but the brain is the proximal driver of behavior. The effect of any single genetic variant is dependent on the configuration of the brain in which it is expressed. One method to begin studying how single genes interact with variations in the rest of the brain is to investigate G × T interactions. A psychological trait reflects a characteristic pattern of psychological function (and, therefore, of brain function), which has its origin in the cumulative effects of both the genome and the environment. A trait therefore describes variation in the broad organismic context in which any single gene operates. We describe the nature and significance of G × T interactions for understanding psychopathology and normal trait variation, which are illustrated with empirical examples. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579412000727 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=182 [article] The gene in its natural habitat: The importance of gene–trait interactions [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Colin G. DEYOUNG, Auteur ; Rachel CLARK, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.1307-1318. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 24-4 (November 2012) . - p.1307-1318 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Despite the substantial heritability of nearly all psychological traits, it has been difficult to identify specific genetic variants that account for more than a tiny percentage of genetic variance in phenotypes. Common explanations for this “missing heritability” include massive polygenicity, rare variants, epigenetics, epistasis, and gene–environment interactions. Gene–trait (G × T) interaction is another concept useful for understanding the lack of obvious genetic main effects. Both genes and environments are distal contributors to human behavior, but the brain is the proximal driver of behavior. The effect of any single genetic variant is dependent on the configuration of the brain in which it is expressed. One method to begin studying how single genes interact with variations in the rest of the brain is to investigate G × T interactions. A psychological trait reflects a characteristic pattern of psychological function (and, therefore, of brain function), which has its origin in the cumulative effects of both the genome and the environment. A trait therefore describes variation in the broad organismic context in which any single gene operates. We describe the nature and significance of G × T interactions for understanding psychopathology and normal trait variation, which are illustrated with empirical examples. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579412000727 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=182

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