Low endogenous neural noise in autism / Greg DAVIS in Autism, 19-3 (April 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 19-3 (April 2015) . - p.351-362 Titre : Low endogenous neural noise in autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Greg DAVIS, Auteur ; Kate C. PLAISTED-GRANT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.351-362 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  endogenous noise  hyperphasic  locus coeruleus  neural networks  stochastic resonance Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ‘Heuristic’ theories of autism postulate that a single mechanism or process underpins the diverse psychological features of autism spectrum disorder. Although no such theory can offer a comprehensive account, the parsimonious descriptions they provide are powerful catalysts to autism research. One recent proposal holds that ‘noisy’ neuronal signalling explains not only some deficits in autism spectrum disorder, but also some superior abilities, due to ‘stochastic resonance’. Here, we discuss three distinct actions of noise in neural networks, arguing in each case that autism spectrum disorder symptoms reflect too little, rather than too much, neural noise. Such reduced noise, perhaps a function of atypical brainstem activation, would enhance detection and discrimination in autism spectrum disorder but at significant cost, foregoing the widespread benefits of noise in neural networks. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361314552198 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=257 [article] Low endogenous neural noise in autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Greg DAVIS, Auteur ; Kate C. PLAISTED-GRANT, Auteur . - p.351-362. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 19-3 (April 2015) . - p.351-362 Mots-clés : autism  endogenous noise  hyperphasic  locus coeruleus  neural networks  stochastic resonance Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ‘Heuristic’ theories of autism postulate that a single mechanism or process underpins the diverse psychological features of autism spectrum disorder. Although no such theory can offer a comprehensive account, the parsimonious descriptions they provide are powerful catalysts to autism research. One recent proposal holds that ‘noisy’ neuronal signalling explains not only some deficits in autism spectrum disorder, but also some superior abilities, due to ‘stochastic resonance’. Here, we discuss three distinct actions of noise in neural networks, arguing in each case that autism spectrum disorder symptoms reflect too little, rather than too much, neural noise. Such reduced noise, perhaps a function of atypical brainstem activation, would enhance detection and discrimination in autism spectrum disorder but at significant cost, foregoing the widespread benefits of noise in neural networks. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361314552198 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=257

Male Brains, Androgen, and the Cognitive Profile in Autism: Convergent Evidence from 2D:4D and Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia / Christine M. FALTER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38-5 (May 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 38-5 (May 2008) . - p.997-998 Titre : Male Brains, Androgen, and the Cognitive Profile in Autism: Convergent Evidence from 2D:4D and Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Christine M. FALTER, Auteur ; Kate C. PLAISTED, Auteur ; Greg DAVIS, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.997-998 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-008-0552-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=418 [article] Male Brains, Androgen, and the Cognitive Profile in Autism: Convergent Evidence from 2D:4D and Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Christine M. FALTER, Auteur ; Kate C. PLAISTED, Auteur ; Greg DAVIS, Auteur . - 2008 . - p.997-998. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 38-5 (May 2008) . - p.997-998 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-008-0552-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=418

Object-based attention benefits reveal selective abnormalities of visual integration in autism / Christine M. FALTER in Autism Research, 3-3 (June 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 3-3 (June 2010) . - p.128-136 Titre : Object-based attention benefits reveal selective abnormalities of visual integration in autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Christine M. FALTER, Auteur ; Greg DAVIS, Auteur ; Kate C. PLAISTED-GRANT, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.128-136 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism Gestalt grouping top-down Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A pervasive integration deficit could provide a powerful and elegant account of cognitive processing in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, in the case of visual Gestalt grouping, typically assessed by tasks that require participants explicitly to introspect on their own grouping perception, clear evidence for such a deficit remains elusive. To resolve this issue, we adopt an index of Gestalt grouping from the object-based attention literature that does not require participants to assess their own grouping perception. Children with ASD and mental- and chronological-age matched typically developing children (TD) performed speeded orientation discriminations of two diagonal lines. The lines were superimposed on circles that were either grouped together or segmented on the basis of color, proximity or these two dimensions in competition. The magnitude of performance benefits evident for grouped circles, relative to ungrouped circles, provided an index of grouping under various conditions. Children with ASD showed comparable grouping by proximity to the TD group, but reduced grouping by similarity. ASD seems characterized by a selective bias away from grouping by similarity combined with typical levels of grouping by proximity, rather than by a pervasive integration deficit. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.134 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=107 [article] Object-based attention benefits reveal selective abnormalities of visual integration in autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Christine M. FALTER, Auteur ; Greg DAVIS, Auteur ; Kate C. PLAISTED-GRANT, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.128-136. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 3-3 (June 2010) . - p.128-136 Mots-clés : autism Gestalt grouping top-down Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A pervasive integration deficit could provide a powerful and elegant account of cognitive processing in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, in the case of visual Gestalt grouping, typically assessed by tasks that require participants explicitly to introspect on their own grouping perception, clear evidence for such a deficit remains elusive. To resolve this issue, we adopt an index of Gestalt grouping from the object-based attention literature that does not require participants to assess their own grouping perception. Children with ASD and mental- and chronological-age matched typically developing children (TD) performed speeded orientation discriminations of two diagonal lines. The lines were superimposed on circles that were either grouped together or segmented on the basis of color, proximity or these two dimensions in competition. The magnitude of performance benefits evident for grouped circles, relative to ungrouped circles, provided an index of grouping under various conditions. Children with ASD showed comparable grouping by proximity to the TD group, but reduced grouping by similarity. ASD seems characterized by a selective bias away from grouping by similarity combined with typical levels of grouping by proximity, rather than by a pervasive integration deficit. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.134 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=107

Response to commentaries on ‘Low endogenous neural noise in autism’ / Greg DAVIS in Autism, 19-3 (April 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 19-3 (April 2015) . - p.373-374 Titre : Response to commentaries on ‘Low endogenous neural noise in autism’ Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Greg DAVIS, Auteur ; Kate C. PLAISTED-GRANT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.373-374 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361314565369 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=257 [article] Response to commentaries on ‘Low endogenous neural noise in autism’ [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Greg DAVIS, Auteur ; Kate C. PLAISTED-GRANT, Auteur . - p.373-374. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 19-3 (April 2015) . - p.373-374 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361314565369 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=257

Visuo-spatial Processing in Autism—Testing the Predictions of Extreme Male Brain Theory / Christine M. FALTER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38-3 (March 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 38-3 (March 2008) . - p.507-515 Titre : Visuo-spatial Processing in Autism—Testing the Predictions of Extreme Male Brain Theory Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Christine M. FALTER, Auteur ; Kate C. PLAISTED, Auteur ; Greg DAVIS, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.507-515 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Visuo-spatial-cognition 2D:4D Prenatal testosterone Extreme-male-brain Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It has been hypothesised that autism is an extreme version of the male brain, caused by high levels of prenatal testosterone (Baron-Cohen 1999). To test this proposal, associations were assessed between three visuo-spatial tasks and prenatal testosterone, indexed in second-to-fourth digit length ratios (2D:4D). The study included children with Autism Spectrum Disorder, ASD (N = 28), and chronological as well as mental age matched typically-developing children (N = 31). While the group with ASD outperformed the control group at Mental Rotation and Figure-Disembedding, these group differences were not related to differences in prenatal testosterone level. Previous findings of an association between Targeting and 2D:4D were replicated in typically-developing children and children with ASD. The implications of these results for the extreme male brain (EMB) theory of autism are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-007-0419-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=335 [article] Visuo-spatial Processing in Autism—Testing the Predictions of Extreme Male Brain Theory [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Christine M. FALTER, Auteur ; Kate C. PLAISTED, Auteur ; Greg DAVIS, Auteur . - 2008 . - p.507-515. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 38-3 (March 2008) . - p.507-515 Mots-clés : Autism Visuo-spatial-cognition 2D:4D Prenatal testosterone Extreme-male-brain Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It has been hypothesised that autism is an extreme version of the male brain, caused by high levels of prenatal testosterone (Baron-Cohen 1999). To test this proposal, associations were assessed between three visuo-spatial tasks and prenatal testosterone, indexed in second-to-fourth digit length ratios (2D:4D). The study included children with Autism Spectrum Disorder, ASD (N = 28), and chronological as well as mental age matched typically-developing children (N = 31). While the group with ASD outperformed the control group at Mental Rotation and Figure-Disembedding, these group differences were not related to differences in prenatal testosterone level. Previous findings of an association between Targeting and 2D:4D were replicated in typically-developing children and children with ASD. The implications of these results for the extreme male brain (EMB) theory of autism are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-007-0419-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=335

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